• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2010

Batch experiments were conducted to investigate growth and nutrient removal performance of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris by using piggery wastewater in different concentration of pollutants and the common growth models (logistic, Gompertz and Richards) were applied to compare microalgal growth parameters. Removal of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) by Chlorella vulgaris showed correlation with biomass increase, implying nutrient uptake coupled with microalgae growth. The higher the levels of suspended solids (SS), COD and ammonia nitrogen were in the wastewater, the worse growth of Chlorella vulgaris was observed, showing the occurrence of growth inhibition in higher concentration of those pollutants. The growth parameters were estimated by non-linear regression of three growth curves for comparative analyses. Determination of growth parameters were more accurate with population as a variable than the logarithm of population in terms of R square. Richards model represented better fit comparing with logistic and Gompertz model. However, Richards model showed some complexity and sensitivity in calculation. In the cases tested, both logistic and Gompertz equation were proper to describe the growth of microalgae on piggery wastewater as well as easy to application.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.204-213
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• 2022

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial disease with its exact causes not completely clear. Micronutrients such as vitamin A, vitamin D, zinc, and magnesium have been associated with MetS components. Our objective was to investigate the association of nutrient adequacy (NA) with MetS components. The present cross-sectional study consisted of 850 adults between 18-59 years from Tehran, Iran. Dietary intake, socio-demographic data, medical history, and anthropometric indices were collected by trained personnel. NA was calculated as the mean intake ratio to the recommended amount of 16 micronutrients. MetS were defined by the consensus of National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The association between NA and MetS was examined using linear regression analyses after controlling potential confounders. More participants in the highest quartile were obese in terms of general obesity (p = 0004) and abdominal obesity (p = 0.003) compared with subjects in the least quartile. A significant positive correlation was found between waist circumference (WC) and NA even after controlling for all potential confounders (p < 0.001). NA was positively associated with WC among adults living in Tehran.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1998년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.353-358
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• 1998

GRASS-AGNPS model integrated with GIS was applied to rural watersheds having complex land use characteristics and evaluated for its applicability through calibration using observed data. The analyses of raster encoding accuracy and model behavior to runoff, sediment yields and nutrient loads for different cell-size showed that 150 m cell size indicated reasonable applicability of the model. Simulated runoff was in a good agreement with the observed data and simulated peak runoff rate was larger than the observed data. The sediment yield simulated by modified AGNPS model using irregular cell for forest area were less than that of the regular cell method. In predicting sediment yields, the result showed a different trend at each representative rural watershed. Nutrient loads simulated by the model were significantly different from the observed data.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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• pp.181-181
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• 2006

We developed a novel method to fabricate a nerve guide conduit (NGC) with the porosity of submicron pore sizes (to prevent fibrous tissue infiltration) and hydrophilicity (for effective oxygen and nutrient permeation) using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and Pluronic F127 by a modified immersion precipitation method designed by our laboratory. It was recognized that the hydrophilized PLGA/F127 (3 wt%) tube can be a good candidate as a NGC from the analyses of its morphology, mechanical strength, hydrophilicity, model nutrient permeability and in vivo nerve regeneration behavior using a rat model.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.451-460
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• 2023

Objective: This program aimed to reveal the association of feed intrinsic molecular structure with nutrient supply to animals from canola feedstocks and co-products from bio-oil processing. The special objective of this study was to quantify the relationship between molecular spectral feature and nutrient availability and develop nutrient prediction equation with vibrational molecular structure spectral profiles. Methods: The samples of feedstock (canola oil seeds) and co-products (meals and pellets) from different bio-oil processing plants in Canada (CA) and China (CH) were submitted to this molecular spectroscopic technique and their protein and carbohydrate related molecular spectral features were associated with the nutritional results obtained through the conventional methods of analyses for chemical and nutrient profiles, rumen degradable and intestinal digestible parameters. Results: The results showed that the spectral structural carbohydrates spectral peak area (ca. 1,487.8 to 1,190.8 cm^-1) was the carbohydrate structure that was most significant when related to various carbohydrate parameters of canola meals (p<0.05, r>0.50). And spectral total carbohydrate area (ca. 1,198.5 to 934.3 cm^-1) was most significant when studying the various carbohydrate parameters of canola seeds (p<0.05, r>0.50). The spectral amide structures (ca. 1,721.2 to 1,480.1 cm^-1) were related to a few chemical and nutrient profiles, Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) fractions, truly absorbable nutrient supply based on the Dutch protein system (DVE/OEB), and NRC systems, and intestinal in vitro protein-related parameters in co-products (canola meals). Besides the spectral amide structures, α-helix height (ca. 1,650.8 to 1,643.1 cm^-1) and β-sheet height (ca. 1,633.4 to 1,625.7 cm^-1), and the ratio between them have shown to be related to many protein-related parameters in feedstock (canola oil seeds). Multi-regression analysis resulted in moderate to high R² values for some protein related equations for feedstock (canola seeds). Protein related equations for canola meals and carbohydrate related equations for canola meals and seeds resulted in weak R² and low p values (p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy vibrational molecular spectroscopy can be a useful resource to predict carbohydrate and protein-relates nutritional aspects of canola seeds and meals.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.246-255
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• 2009

식품섭취빈도조사지는 식품 목록 종류의 구성방식에 띠라 식품을 기초로 한 조사지와 음식을 기초로 한 두가지 형태로 나누는데, 식품을 기초로 한 조사지는 유지류와 양념류의 영양소를 반영하지 못한다는 문제점이 지적되고 있다. 이 연구는 유지류와 양념류가 대상자 영양소 섭취량과 섭취 분포에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자, 한 농촌지역에서 식생활 요인 평가를 위해 개발하여 사용되고 있는 음식을 기초로 한 식품 빈도조사지를 이용하여, 1) 전체 영양소 섭취량, 2) 유지류를 제외한 영양소 섭취량, 3) 유지류와 양념류를 제외한 영양소 섭취량, 위의 3가지 형태의 영양소 섭취량을 산출하여 영양소 섭취량의 비교와 상관성, 영양소 섭취 분포 일치도를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 총 영양소 섭취량과 유지류를 제외한 영양소 섭취량을 비교하였을 때, 유지류를 제외한 경우, 열량, 식물성지방, 비타민 E 섭취량이 유의하게 낮아졌고, 단순 카파지수는 각각 0.95 (${\kappa}{\omega}$ = 0.98), 0.64 (${\kappa}{\omega}$ = 0.81), 0.59 (${\kappa}{\omega}$ = 0.79) 였다. 유지류와 양념류를 모두 제외한 영양소 섭취량과 총 영양소 섭취량과 비교하면, 유지류와 양념류를 모두 제외하였을 때, 유지류와 양념류에 포함되어 있지 않은 영양소인 동물성 단백질, 동물성 지방, 레티놀을 제외한 대부분의 영양소의 섭취량이 유의하게 낮았고, 그 중 식물성 지방 (K = 0.64, ${\kappa}{\omega}$ = 0.81), 비타민 E (K = 0.59, ${\kappa}{\omega}$ = 0.79), 나트륨 (K = 0.61, ${\kappa}{\omega}$ = 0.80)의 단순 카파지수는 0.8 이하로 다른 영양소에 비해 상대적으로 낮았다. 영양소 섭취 분포 일치도는 열량 보정 후에 조정 전보다 더 낮아졌다. 이상의 연구 결과, 유지류와 양념류를 포함하지 않은 경우 식물성 지방, 비타민 E, 나트륨의 섭취량을 저 평가하였고, 대상자의 영양소 섭취 수준의 분포에 영향을 미쳤다. 따라서, 유지류나 양념류의 조사가 없는 식품기반 식품섭취빈도 조사를 이용하여 질병과의 연관성을 분석할 경우 결과에 대한 해석에 주의해야 한다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2004

본 연구는 농촌진흥청에서 개발한 유전자 변형(제초제 저항성) 고추와 모종인 수비초 고추의 영양성분을 분석하고 유전자 변형된 경우 영양성분에 차이가 있는지 비교하기 위하여 수행하였다. 영양성분은 AOAC법을 이용하여 주요 영양소(단백질, 지방, 섬유소, 회분, 당질)와 무기질(칼슘, 칼륨, 나트륨, 마그네슘, 아연, 철) 함량을 분석하였고, 식품성분표에 제시된 일반 고추의 영양성분과 비교하였다. 그 결과 유전자 변형 고추는 모종 고추와 영양성분 함량이 유사하였고, 일반적인 고추의 영양성분 함량 범위 내에 있어 실질적인 동등성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.143-151
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The nutrition of the elderly depends on various factors. Oral health, especially oral dryness, can be an important risk factor. In this study, we attempted to determine whether dry mouth is associated with compromised nutrient intakes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 120 participants aged 65-86 yrs (mean age: 69 ± 1 y) were included in this study. Demographic and health-related characteristics, living status, meals, number of medications, medical conditions, chewing ability, and quality of life, the Oral Health Impact Profile (the OHIP-14) were assessed. We performed one day 24-hr recall assessment for nutrient analyses. The differences of the means between the dry-mouth and non-dry-mouth groups were analyzed. Elderly subjects with xerostomia-induced dry mouth were classified as those who reported at least one dryness symptom on a questionnaire. RESULTS: A significant difference in population distribution was observed among the elderly who took medications for hypertension, diabetes and osteoporosis and was significantly higher in the dry-mouth group (70.2%) than in the non-dry-mouth group (44.4%) (P = 0.005). Compared with the non-dry-mouth group (50.8%), a significantly higher proportion (73.7%) of participants in the dry-mouth group took multiple medicines (≥ 4 medications) (P = 0.019). The intakes of vegetable fat, vitamin E, folate and water in the dry-mouth group were lower than in the non-dry-mouth group. The intakes of fluoride and ω-3 fatty acids were significantly lower in the dry-mouth group than in the non-dry-mouth group. CONCLUSION: The participants in the dry-mouth group exhibited low nutrient and water intakes. It is recommended that the elderly with dry mouth should drink sufficient water and receive targeted and specific nutritional guidance to prevent malnutrition.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.1144-1148
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• 2001

The implications of incorporating deoiled rice bran (DORB) in diet on the utilization of certain nutrients had been examined through balance studies made with 6- and 10- week-old Japanese quails. The stuffs evaluated in this study had their origin from two different types of processes- a batch extraction (DORB-B) and another continuous process (DORB-C), and each included at 10, 20 or 30% level in an iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric diet. On chemical analyses, the DORB-B was found to contain crude protein, 19.0; ether extract, 0.79; total ash, 17.05; Ca, 0.11; P, 1.92; glucose, 2.35 and starch 11.22 g/100 g day matter. Corresponding values for DORB-C were 15.02, 1.56, 13.0, 0.40, 2.76, 2.16 and 19.0, respectively. The data on nutrient balances with quails fed diets containing the two-types of DORB suggested no significant (p>0.05) differences in per cent retention of diet dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), ether extract (EE), gross energy (GE), nitrogen (N), crude fiber (CF), calcium (Ca) or phosphorus (P) content attributable to the extraction process. The age of the birds also appeared to have no significant (p>0.05) effect on nutrient utilization by them. However, the level of inclusion of DORB had a significant (p<0.05) effect on nutrient utilization by quails in that the retention of dietary N, EE, CF, Ca and P was better at lower than at higher levels. It is concluded that the DORB, irrespective of extraction process, can safely be employed upto 20% level in diet of adult Japanese quails without noticeable interference in utilizing the major dietary nutrients.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.484-492
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• 2005

The purposes of the study were to analyze nutrients of the menus served and to evaluate students' nutrient consumption at school food services. Three middle schools (boys, girls, and co-ed schools) were located in Seoul and Kyunggi Province. A weighed plate method was employed to measure plate wastes and consumption of the menus served. Data was collected for 3 consecutive days at each school. Nutrient analyses for the served and consumed menus were performed using CAN-PRO. On average the students consumed $67\%$ of the menus they were served. By menu category, the students consumed more than $90\%$ of the rice and one-dish foods they were served. Kimchis ($54\%$) and soups/stews ($55\%$) were the menu categories with the lowest consumption rates. The menus served at the boys and coed schools did not meet 1/3 of the recommended daily allowances (RDA) for calcium, iron, and vitamin $B_2$. Due to the plate wastes, the actual consumption of the boys school students did not meet the 1/3 RDA for calories, calcium, iron, vitamin A, vitamin $B_1$ vitamin $B_2$ and niacin. The menus served at the girls school exceeded the 1/3 RDA for all nutrients, but the actual consumption did not meet the 1/3 RDA for calcium, iron, and vitamin $B_2$. During the 3-day periods, the served and consumed menus provided $27\%$ and $24\%$ of energy from fat, which exceeded the recommended proportion of $20\%$. To improve nutrition management at school food services, dietitians should understand factors that influence students' consumption and implement nutrition education programs that emphasize balanced diets.