• Title/Summary/Keyword: Nucleic acid

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A Study of Mode of Action of Alachlor - I. Effects of Alachlor on Nucleic acid, Amino acid and Protein Synthesis in Oat(Avena sativa L.) (Alachlor의 제초기구(除草機構)에 관한 연구(硏究) - I.Alachlor가 귀리의 핵산(核酸), 아미노산 및 단백질합성(蛋白質合成)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Kwon, S.W.;Kim, J.C.
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.227-232
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    • 1990
  • The effects of alachlor [2-chloro-2', 6' diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl) acetanilide] treatment on nucleic acid, amino acid and protein synthesis were studied. The amide herbicide alachlor blocks the biosynthesis of the amino acids isoleucine, valine and aromatic amino acid in oat root tips. Nucleic acid was inhibited, but was not proportional to reduction in protein synthesis. $1{\times}10^{-4}M$ of alachlor treatment of oat roots inhibited 36% DNA synthesis, but DNA synthesis was not inhibited at $1{\times}10^{-5}M$. RNA synthesis was inhibited by $1{\times}10^{-5}M$ and $1{\times}10^{-4}M$ of alachlor 16 and 27%, respectively, while inhibition of protein synthesis did occur at same concentrations. Inhibition of protein synthesis also did not occur at concentration below $1{\times}10^{-4}M$ alachlor. It suggest that inhibition of protein sythesis caused significantly by alachlor($1{\times}l0^{-3}M$) result from secondary action.

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Isolation of Auxotrophic Mutants from Basidiospores of Lentinus edodes (자외선(紫外線) 조사(照射)에 의한 표고버섯 담자포자(擔子胞子)의 영양요구성(營養要求性) 균주(菌株) 선발(選拔)에 관한 연구(硏究))

  • Yoo, Young-Bok;You, Chang-Hyun;Park, Yong-Hwan
    • The Korean Journal of Mycology
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.185-189
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    • 1985
  • This experiment was undertaken to investigate considerable economy of labor for selection of auxotrophs from strains of Lentinus edodes. Various types of auxotrophs of this strain were isolated after treatment of basidiospores with ultraviolet light, and the highest proportion of putative mutants was also obtained from isolates irradiated to give 1.30 % survival.

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Changes in the Contents of Sugar, Organic Acid, Free Amino Acid and Nucleic Acid-Related Compounds during Fermentation of Leaf Mustard-Kimchi (갓김치 숙성중 당, 유기산, 유리아미노산 및 핵산관련 물질 함량의 변화)

  • 박석규;조영숙;박정로;문주석;이용수
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.48-53
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    • 1995
  • Changes in the contents of sugar, organic acid, free amino acid and uncleic acid-related compounds of leaf mustard-Kimchi during fermentation at 5~7$^{\circ}C$ were investigated. The leaf mustard-Kimchi was formulated with 4kg leaf mustard, 120g garlic, 80g ginger, 540ml salted anchovies, 1kg green onion, 200g red pepper powder, 200g ground red pepper, 60g whole sesame and 600ml glutinous rice paste. Changes in pH and acidity were relatively slow. Major free sugars were glucose(0.13%) and maltose(0.42%), and residual sugars(0.03-0.04%) were also detected after 32 days of fermentation. Major free amino acids containing more than 26.5mg% were proline, glutamic acid, alanine and histidine. Contents of total free amino acids increased from 244.8 to 397.2mg% by 24 days of fermentation. Of non-volatile organic acid, lactic acid was the most abundant(119.3mg%), and its content increased markedly after 10 days of fermentation. Other organic acids(below 53.1mg%) observed were malic, oxalic and citric acid. Contents of nucleic acid-related compounds were high in the order of hypoxanthine(22.8mg%), IMP(8.3mg%) and GMP(6.9mg%). Hypoxanthine content increased by 10 days(27.3mg%) and decreased thereafter, while the others decreased gradually during the overall period of fermentation.

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On the reaction of nucleic acid deerivatives with rhodium (II) (isobutyrate)$_4L_2$

  • Yu, Byung-Sul;Kim, Bak-Kwang
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 1978
  • Rhodium (II) (isobutyrate)$_{4}L_2$, an antinumor drug, was shown to reactr with nucleic acid base derivatives, A, G, U and C in chloroform solution. When these derivatives were treated with one of novel metal compounds, rhodium carboxylate in chloroform solution, a fairly strong complex formation was observed by spectroscopic techniques. The characteristic of these complex was that binding occured at the two axial positions of rhodium (II) (isobutyrate)$_{4}L_2$ to the NH or )$NH_2$ group of the base in the ligands.

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Safety evaluation of gene therapy - a case study of naked DNA product

  • Ahn, Byung-Ok
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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    • 2003.10b
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    • pp.86-86
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    • 2003
  • Gene therapy is a medical intervention based on modification of the genetic material of living cells. Gene transfer usually conducted using bacterial plasmid DNA and/or virus vector to express a specific protein. Gene transfer medicinal products classified as naked nucleic acid, complexed nucleic acid or non-viral vectors, viral vector, and genetically modified cells according to biological origin.(omitted)

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Back to the Ends: Chromosomal DNA (염색체 말단부위)

  • Lee, Mi-Hyung;Suh, Dong-Chul
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 2008
  • Nucleic scids transfer the genetic information for serving a central biological purpose. The nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides and they are mainly ribonucleic acid(RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA). The nucleotides are stoichiometrically composed of five-carbon sugars, nitrogeneous bases, and phosphoric acids. The chemistry of nucleic acids and characteristics of different genomes are decribed for further study. Most of DNA genomes tend to be circular including bacterial genomes and eukaryotic mitochondrial DNA. Eukaryotic chromosomes in cells, in contrast, are generally linear. The ends of linear chromosomes are called telomeres. The genomes of different species, such as mammals, plants, invertebrates can be compared with the chromosome ends. The telomeric complex allows cells to distinguish the random DNA breaks and natural chromosomal ends. The very ends of chromosomes cannot be replicated by any ordinary mechanisms. The shortening of telomeric DNA templates in semiconservative replication is occurred with each cell division. The short telomere length is critically related to aging, tumors and dieases.

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Improvement of RT-PCR Sensitivity for Fruit Tree Viruses by Small-scale dsRNA Extraction and Sodium Sulfite

  • Lee, Sin-Ho;Kim, Hyun-Ran;Kim, Jae-Hyun;Kim, Jeong-Soo
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.142-146
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    • 2004
  • Woody plant tissues contain great amounts of phenolic compounds and polysaccharides. These substances inhibit the activation of reverse transcriptase and/or Taq polymerase in RT-PCR. The commonly used multiple-step protocols using several additives to diminish polyphenolic compounds during nucleic acid extraction are time consuming and laborious. In this study, sodium sulfite was evaluated as an additive for nucleic acid extraction from woody plants and the efficiency of RT-PCR assay of commercial nucleic acid extraction kits and small-scale dsRNA extraction was compared. Sodium sulfite was used as an inhibitor against polyphenolic oxidases and its effects were compared in RNA extraction by commercial extraction kit and small-scale double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) extraction method for RT-PCR. During nucleic acid extraction, addition of 0.5%-1.5%(w/v) of sodium sulfite to lysis buffer or STE buffer resulted in lighter browning by oxidation than extracts without sodium sulfite and improved the RT-PCR detection. When commercial RNA extraction kit was used, optimal concentrations of sodium sulfite were variable according to the tested plant. However, with dsRNA as RT-PCR template, sodium sulfite 1.5% in STE buffer improved the detection efficiency of Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) and Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) in fruit trees, and reduced the unspecific amplifications signi-ficantly. Furthermore, when viruses existed at low titers in host plant, small-scale dsRNA extractions were very reliable.