• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.285-288
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• 2014

Experiments have been performed for the burners used in the non-oxidizing direct fired furnaces for the cold rolled plate to investigate the effect of fuel/air mixing patterns of the burner nozzle on flame shape, temperature and combustion gas concentration. CFD simulation has also been performed to investigate the mixing state of air-fuel for a nozzle mixing burner and a partially pre-mixing burner. A partially pre-mixing burner showed that flame temperature increased up to $26^{\circ}C$ on average compared than that of the nozzle mixing. It also showed that the mixing distance is important at the partially pre-mixing burner. Test results for a partially pre-mixing burner showed that the residual oxygen concentration and the volume ratio of $CO/CO_2$ of the flame were applicable to be used in field furnaces.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.330-341
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• 1999

An experimental study for the two types of burners used in the non-oxidizing direct fired furnaces of the heat treatment process for the cold rolled plate has been carried out to investigate the combustion characteristics and the oxidization of the surface of steel plate. A steep temperature gradient and entrainment of residual oxygen were found near the heating surface in the flame of the nozzle mixing burner which has strong swirl velocity component. It was concluded that the elimination of the residual oxygen and the increase of the temperature of combustion gas on the heating surface are needed to enhance the performance of the burners for application to the non-oxidizing direct fired furnaces.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.814-819
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• 2011

An Oxy-fuel combustion has been studied in order to reduce exhaust emissions and fuel consumption. The flow and flame behaviors are analyzed with focal length variation in one-focussing oxygen burner introduced in this study. Oxygen is supplied into the center of the nozzle, methane fuel is into the outer nozzle of the center, and then oxygen is again supplied into the outer of the fuel nozzle. The test conditions are 5 focal lengths of 100mm to 500mm. The mixing behaviors and temperature distributions are analyzed. The result shows that the shorter the focal length is, the longer the mixing length becomes, and the flame width and length are the biggest in the case of 300mm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.35-40
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• 2011

An experimental investigation of the characteristic of non-premixed lifted flames with nozzle hole-tone of high-frequency has been performed. Before the fuel was supplied to nozzle, the fuel was supplied through a burner cavity which was located under the nozzle. The fuel passed through the excitation cavity under the influence of the high-frequency affects the lifted flame characteristics. The measurements were performed in flow range that occurs lifted flame and blow out. When the high-frequency is generated from burner cavity, the lifted length became shorter, and noise reduced comparing to unexcitation case. Additionally, operating flow range was increased and diameter of flame base became smaller with high-frequency effect. Through this experiments, it's ascertained that the high-frequency excitation can be adopted with effective method for flame stability and noise reduction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2024

Commercial gas stoves feed primary air to the burner and burn the fuel-air mixture in a partially premixed combustion. This mechanism produces carbon monoxide during combustion. In this study, design parameters of a commercial gas stove were optimized by considering the carbon monoxide emission. Gas consumption rate, carbon monoxide emission, and water boiling temperature as a heating performance were determined. Carbon monoxide emission was measured using a Korean Industrial Standards standard collector. Water boiling temperature was measured by first soaking the pot in water for approximately 10 min and then heating the pot filled with water. A thermocouple was installed inside the pot. Carbon monoxide increased as the nozzle diameter was increased and the burner-pot height was decreased. This result was due to the insufficient mixing between the fuel and air. Heating performance was enhanced when the nozzle diameter was increased and the burner-pot height was decreased. However, the heating performance deteriorated when the nozzle diameter was 1.8 mm and the burner-pot height was reduced to 50 mm. This phenomenon was due to the formation of a flame on the side of the pot. A merit factor was defined to find the optimal design parameters to satisfy gas consumption rate, carbon monoxide emission, and heating performance. Optimal design values were established to be a nozzle diameter of 1.5 mm and a burner-pot height of 60 mm.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.201-202
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• 2012

The isothermal flow structure and mixing characteristics of a hybrid/dual swirl jet combustor for micro-gas turbine were numerically investigated. Location of pilot nozzle, angle and direction of swirl vane were varied as main parameters with constant fuel flow rates for each nozzle. As a result, the variation in location of pilot nozzle resulted in significant change in turbulent flow field near burner exit, in particular, center toroidal recirculation zone (CTRZ) as well as turbulent intensity, and thus flame stability and emission characteristics might be significantly changed. The swirl angle of $45^{\circ}$ provided similar recirculating flow patterns in a wide range of equivalence ratio (0.5~1.0). Compared to the co-swirl flow, the counter-swirl flow leaded to the reduction in CTRZ and fuel-air mixing near the burner exit and a weak interaction between the pilot partially premixed flame and the lean premixed flame. With the comparison of experimental results, it was confirmed that the case of co-swirl flow and swirl $angle=45^{\circ}$ would provided an optimized combustor performance in terms of flame stability and pollutant emissions.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.176-183
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• 2007

An experimental study was performed to investigate the effects of mixing quality, inlet pressure, nozzle diameter on CO emission and radiation characteristics in porous ceramic fiber radiant burners. Observations of combustion characteristics occurring inside the burner system which was insulated fiber mat, were investigated by measuring temperature, CO emission and radiation characteristics. Combustion was achieved at the firing rate of $88{\sim}99$ kcal/hr, inlet pressure of $100{\sim}250$mm$H_2O$. CO emissions were found to be strongly dependent on the operating conditions. There was a tendency that CO concentration increased as the firing rate increases. The reason for rise of CO concentration is that it becomes the relatively rich condition. The fiber burner exhibit significant both spectral intensity peaks in the bands at 2.5${\mu}m$ and 4.0${\mu}m$ relatively, There is a small difference in the variable mixing tube. However spectral intensity increased with the firing rate.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.353-356
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• 2009

A pivotal mechanical balance of plant for 75kW class molten carbonate fuel cells comprise of a catalytic burner and an ejector which has been designed and tested in KEPRI(Korea Electric Power Research Institute). The catalytic burner, which oxidizes residual fuel in the anode tail gas, was operated at several conditions. Some problems arose due to local overheating or auto-ignition, which could limit the catalyst life. The catalytic burner was designed by considering both gas mixing and gas velocity. Test results showed that the temperature distribution is very uniform. In addition, an ejector is a fluid machinery to be utilized for mixing fluids, maintaining vacuum, and transporting them. The ejector is placed at mixing point between the anode off gas and the cathode off gas or the fresh air Several ejectors were designed and tested to form a suction on the fuel tail gas and balance the differential pressures between anode and cathode over a range of operating conditions. The tests showed that the design of the nozzle and throat played an important role in balancing the anode tail and cathode inlet gas pressures. The 75kW MCFC system built in our ejector and catalytic burner was successfully operated from Novembe, 2008 to April, 2009. It recorded the voltage of 104V at the current of 754A and reached the maximum generating power of 78.5kW DC. The results for both stand-alone and integration into another balance of plant are discussed.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.339-342
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• 2014

Rotary kiln produces lime from limestone through thermal decomposition. Ring formation in kiln internal wall is known issue that decreases productivity. The cause of ring formation is temperature imbalance as flame leans toward upper wall. Therefore, burner nozzle geometry was changed to improve air-fuel mixing state which leads to prevention of ring formation. CFD simulation and experimental test were performed in this study to investigate the effect of air-fuel mixing on flame structure, temperature and $NO_X$ concentration. It is shown that combustion efficiency has been enhanced and $NO_X$ concentration has been decreased by using swirl flow for secondary combustion air. It's also shown that flame has been straightened by using straight flow for secondary combustion air.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.128-134
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• 2006

A characterization of turbulent reacting flows has proved difficult owing to the complex interaction between turbulence, mixing, and combustion chemistry. There are many types of time scales in turbulent flame which can determine flame structure. This counter jet type premixed burner produces high intensity turbulence. The goal is to gain better insights into the flame structures at high turbulence. 6 propane/air flames gave been studied with high velocity fluctuation in bundle type nozzle and in one hole type nozzle. By measuring velocity fluctuation, turbulent intensity and integral length scale are obtained. And sets of OH LIF images were processed to see flame structure of the mean flame curvatures and flame lengths for comparison with turbulence intensity and turbulent length scales. The results show that the decrease in nozzle size generates smaller flow eddy and mean curvatures of the flame fronts, and a decrease in Damkohler number estimated from flow time scale measurement.