• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.225-229
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• 2014

A total of 9,281 larval chigger mites were collected from small mammals captured at Hwaseong-gun, Gyeonggi-do (Province) (2,754 mites from 30 small mammals), Asan city, Chungcheongnam-do (3,358 mites from 48 mammals), and Jangseong-gun, Jeollanam-do (3,169 for 62 mammals) from April-November 2009 in the Republic of Korea (= Korea) and were identified to species. Leptotrombidium pallidum was the predominant species in Hwaseong (95.8%) and Asan (61.2%), while Leptotrombidium scutellare was the predominant species collected from Jangseong (80.1%). Overall, larval chigger mite indices decreased from April (27.3) to June (4.9), then increased in September (95.2) and to a high level in November (169.3). These data suggest that L. pallidum and L. scutellare are the primary vectors of scrub typhus throughout their range in Korea. While other species of larval chigger mites were also collected with some implications in the transmission of Orientia tsutsugamushi, they only accounted for 11.2% of all larval chigger mites collected from small mammals.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.189-195
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• 1990

During 9 months (March-November, 1989), observation of Leucocytozoon infection rate to blood and parenchymatous viscera (spleen, liver, heart) in Pusan, Gyeongnam (Kimhae, Yangsan) districts slaughtered chicken and the results obtained were as follow : 1. Among the blood smear sample of 213 heads of the chicken, 43 heads (20.2%) were infected with Leucocytozoon 2nd stage gametocyte and 4 heads (1.9%) were mixed infected with Leucocytozoon 5th stage gametocyte. 2. In histopathological detection of schizont in tissues section of spleen, liver and heart, there were 16.7% in spleen, 5.6％ in liver and 9.1％ in heart, mean detection rate were 10.6%. Spleen had the highest detection rate of schizont. 3. In seasonal-related Infection rate, summer was higher than spring.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.105-118
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to give a suggestion for vitalizing rural area's community, with respect to the components of community; 'locality' and 'communality'. The survey was conducted at Hondong, Hodongseong-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, which was a representative area for active rural area community. For the survey, we interviewed an activist on the village in November $9^{th}$, 2014, and let 81 residents fill the questionnaires during March $7^{th}$ to $14^{th}$, 2015. Major findings were as follows. 1) As for the 'locality' factor, the motives of residents' immigration were influenced by the availability of facilities for agriculture education, living, and convenience in the area. Most of residents recognized that the area comprises their own community facility area and expanded area with concentrated facilities of 'li', minimal adminstration unit. It means that their usage pattern of community facilities influences their conceptions of the village. 2) As for the 'communality' factor, original residents and immigrant back-to-farm residents showed different pattern in communicating with neighbors and community facility usages. Residents communicated with neighbors by meeting up or using the concentrated facilities in Gatgol, and visited the Balmak library frequently. Residents' sense of belonging was high with mean 4.16 point of 5.0 in Likert scale.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.9-18
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• 2023

The study was a study that identified the mediating effect of social support in the effect of stress on suicidal ideation of nursing students. The subjects of the study were in the 3rd and 4th graders of nursing department at a university in G city, understanding the purpose of the study and agreeing to participate, and the final subjects were 132. Data collection was conducted from November 10 to November 25, 2021. The analysis used descriptive statistics, t-test, One way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple regression with SPSS 25.0 program. As a result of the study, it was found that stress, suicidal ideation, and social support of nursing students had a significant correlation, and social support had a mediating effect in the relationship between stress and suicidal ideation. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop and apply a mental health promotion program that attempts repetitive research and strengthens social support.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 1976

Aneurysm of the Aorta is a grave disease mostly producing disabling symptoms and ultimate death by rupture and hemorrhage without surgical intervention. The author recently experienced one case of surgical correction of descending thoracic aortic aneurysm treated with excision of the aneurysm and replacement of Dacron artificial vessel under temporary external by pass technique in November, 10th, 1975. 9mm internal diameter arterial cannula was inserted into upper and below the aneurysm. Bypass time was about 1 hour. The case was 35 years old women who had small egg sized saccular aneurysm in the upper third of the descending thoracic aorta involving the 1t. subclavian artery. Histopathological diagnosis was arteriosclerotic. Immediate postoperative course had been uneventful except low pressure and pulse of the left arm. The follow-up was possible up to date about 3 months. The patient has been doing well with ordinary activities except mild left chest discomfort.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.343-355
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• 2018

A new climate regime was intensively negotiated from 2011 to 2015, culminating in adoption of the Paris Agreement. The Agreement went into effect on 4th of November 2016. Follow-up negotiation to implement the Paris Agreement has continued since May 2016 and is expected to be finalized by 2018. This paper reviews and analyzes the process of establishment of the new climate regime based on the Paris Agreement, focusing on the main issues and the negotiating positions of major groups of developed and developing countries. This paper details various important issues determining the final outcome of the Paris Agreement and discusses the follow-up negotiation in the years 2016 and 2017. It concludes with discussion of the various implications of the Paris Agreement, which will determine important aspects of our future socioeconomic life well into the 21st century.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2007

Distributional characteristics of dinoflagellate cysts in surface sediments were investigated in relation to environmental factors in the eastern part of Geoje Island, Korea. Samples were collected from 10 stations in February of 2004 and water temperature and salinity were measured in February, May, September and November of 2004. Total 30 taxa of dinoflagellate cysts were identified representing 19 genera, 28 species and 2 unidentified species. Among these dinoflagellate cysts, Brigantedinium spp. of which relative proportion in th e total dinoflagellate cysts was 23.5%, was the most abundant at all stations except St. 1, and was followed by Spiniferites bulloideus (8.6%), Lingulodinium machaerophorum (8.2%) and Diplopsalis lenticula (6.7%). In addition, ellipsoidal cysts of the genus Alexandrium (Alexandrium catenella - tamarense type) and Gymnodinium catenatum, known to be causative organisms for PSP, occurred with high concentrations. Scrippsiella trochoidea was also found; however, its cyst concentration was low. Generally, species composition in the study area was similar to these reported from Jinhae Bay and Busan Harbor and several dinoflagellate cysts reflected the eutrophic condition. Cyst distribution in th e eastern part of Geoje Island seems to be influenced by the Tsushima Warm Current flowing from the southwest. The mean water temperature was $12.0^{\circ}C$ in February, $14.7^{\circ}C$ in May, $20.9^{\circ}C$ in September and $17.2^{\circ}C$ in November, which was most favorable for Alexandrium spp. growth. The abundances of dinoflagellate cysts rang e d from 528 to 2,834 cysts/g dry sediment. Higher concentrations were recognized in sediments of west area of the Jisimdo than at other stations. The cyst composition of this area was closely related to these of Jinhae Bay and Busan Harbor from which currents flow into this area. Higher cyst concentration in the west area of Jisimdo might be due to formation of the gyre.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.93-107
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• 2020

Adults of seven noctuid potential pests (Spodoptera frugiperda, S. litura, S. exigua, Ctenoplusia agnata, Mythimna loreyi, Athetis dissimilis, and A. lepigone) of soybean and maize in Suwon, Korea were identified by their morphological characteristics in the wing pattern and male genitalia and partial mitochondrial DNA sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene. The generation number of adults that emerge annually in six species (except A. lepigone) was estimated from the data on density fluctuations of adults caught in sex pheromone traps in 2019 and the forecasted data using temperature-associated development and reproduction models for those species. S. frugiperda adults were caught from July 27th to October 31st in 2019, and hence were initially estimated to emerge three times per year. But, it was finally expected that S. frugiperda adults could possibly emerge a total of four times per year in Suwon, considering larval emergence observed during mid- and late June in other areas. Adult emergence of S. litura, S. exigua, C. agnata, and M. loreyi in 2019 was observed from May 29th to November 6th, from May 14th to November 6th, from May 26th to October 25th, and from May 31st to November 23rd, respectively. Annual adult emergence of these four species was estimated as at least four times. Adults of A. dissimilis were caught from May 26th to September 11th in 2019, and adult emergence was estimated at only twice per annum. It was postulated that the first adult populations of five species except the two Athetis species were probably migrated from other areas.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2012

This study was carried out to determine the forage quality, production, and regrowth of Phragmites communis as a native grass according to growth stages. Experiment 1 was conducted in Ansan from May 2009 to April 2010 (7 stages), and experiment 2 was conducted in Cheonan from May to November 2011 (10 stages). In experiment 1, forage quality decreased rapidly with advance of growth from May. When harvested on late May, July, September and April of the following year, the contents of crude protein were 7.7%, 4.6%, 3.7%, and 2.2%, respectively. Relative feed value (RFV) were 80.2, 65.1, 61.8 and 52.8, and lignin contents were 7.1%, 9.9%, 12.0%, and 13.2%, respectively. In experiment 2, significantly higher forage yields were observed when harvested from late June to mid July. On the other hand, forage quality decreased with delayed harvest as was in experiment 1. Good regrowth of Phragmites communis was observed when harvested earlier than in August. When harvested on late May, June, July, August, September, October and November, the dry matter (DM) yields were 7,329 kg/ha, 12,527 kg, 9,593 kg, 8,279 kg, 7,649 kg, 5,822 kg and 5,540 kg, and in vitro digestible DM (IVDDM) yields were 3,924 kg/ha, 5,264 kg, 4,273 kg, 3,322 kg, 3,352 kg, 2,195 kg and 1,887 kg, respectively. Forage quality grades of Phragmites communis were 4th grade in May, 5th grade from June to Sept., and 6th grade in Oct., Nov., or in Apr. of the following year. However, all regrown Phragmites communis ranked the 4th in quality. In conclusion, we recommend that Phragmites communis should be harvested from late June to mid July (no later than the end of July) to obtain good forage quality with digestible nutrient contents greater than rice straw. Regrowth of Phragmites communis was poor, and more than 70% of annual forage yields were out of the first harvest. Therefore, we recommend only one harvesting per year for good regrowth and stable production of Phragmites communis.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.56-66
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• 2008

Subtidal surface currents are derived from HF radar measurements in the Saemangeum coastal ocean of the Yellow sea in July 2002 and from September to November 2004. The surface current field is analyzed to examine the effect of wind, river plume and coastline change on the spatial distribution and temporal variation of the surface currents. In July 2002, average wind speed was 0.5 m/s and freshwater discharge from the Keum River was $0.88{\times}10^7\;ton/day$. Temporal mean currents ($\overline{U}$) flow to the northwest with speed of $7{\sim}10\;cm/s$ near the Keum River estuary, to the west as fast as 13 cm/s near the opening gap of the Saemangeum $4^{th}$ dyke, and to the northwest off the Gogunsan-archipelago. This flow pattern is a result of the Keum River plume dispersal and tide-residual currents from the opening gap of the Saemangeum $4^{th}$ dyke. Time series of spatially-averaged current (<$U-\overline{U}$>) direction is highly (r=0.98) correlated with wind direction. From September to November 2004, the opening gap of the Saemangeum $4^{th}$ dyke was closed, northwesterly wind blew with speed of 2.5 m/s on average and the Keum River discharge was $1.19{\times}10^7\;ton/day$. Temporal mean current field ($\overline{U}$) has weak surface flow in most of the coastal ocean and relatively strong currents flow to the southwest with speed of 10 cm/s along the shape coastline of the Gogunsan-archipelago and the Saemangeum $4^{th}$ dyke. The strong flow is generated by the prevailing northwesterly wind which pushes the Keum River plume toward the Saemangeum $4^{th}$ dyke. The residual currents from the opening gap of the Saemangeum $4^{th}$ dyke disappeared and correlation coefficient between time series of spatially-averaged current () direction and the wind direction is 0.69.