• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제51권6호
• /
• pp.663-667
• /
• 2013

Free-grazing ducks play a major role in the rural economy of Eastern Asia in the form of egg and meat production. In Thailand, the geographical location, tropical climate conditions and wetland areas of the country are suitable for their husbandry. These environmental factors also favor growth, multiplication, development, survival, and spread of duck parasites. In this study, a total of 90 free-grazing ducks from northern, central, and northeastern regions of Thailand were examined for intestinal helminth parasites, with special emphasis on zoonotic echinostomes. Of these, 51 (56.7%) were infected by one or more species of zoonotic echinostomes, Echinostoma revolutum, Echinoparyphium recurvatum, and Hypoderaeum conoideum. Echinostomes found were identified using morphological criteria when possible. ITS2 sequences were used to identify juvenile and incomplete worms. The prevalence of infection was relatively high in each region, namely, north, central, and northeast region was 63.2%, 54.5%, and 55.3%, respectively. The intensity of infection ranged up to 49 worms/infected duck. Free-grazing ducks clearly play an important role in the life cycle maintenance, spread, and transmission of these medically important echinostomes in Thailand.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.341-345
• /
• 2016

Background: Colorectal polyps are common in Thailand, particularly in the northeastern region. The present study aimed to determine any correlation between Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis and colorectal polyps in the Thai population. Materials and Methods: A total of 303 patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy with colonoscopy for investigation of chronic abdominal pain participated in this study from November 2014 to October 2015. A diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis was made if the bacteria were seen on histopathological examination and a rapid urease test was positive. Colorectal polyps were confirmed by histological examination of colorectal biopsies. Patient demographic data were analyzed for correlations. Results: The prevalence of colorectal polyps was 77 (25.4%), lesions being found more frequently in Helicobacter pylori infected patients than non-infected subjects [38.4% vs. 12.5%; Odds Ratio (OR) (95% CI): 2.26 (1.32 - 3.86), p < 0.01]. Patients with Helicobacter pylori - associated gastritis were at high risk of having adenomas featuring dysplasia [OR (95% CI): 1.15 (1.16 - 7.99); P = 0.02]. There was no varaition in location of polyps, age group, sex and gastric lesions with respect to Helicobacter pylori status. Conclusions: This study showed that Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis is associated with an increased risk of colorectal polyps, especially adenomas with dysplasia in the Thai population. Patients with Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis may benefit from concurrent colonoscopy for diagnosis of colorectal polyps as a preventive and early treatment for colorectal cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권10호
• /
• pp.4401-4408
• /
• 2015

Background: Cancer is a primary source of concern in Thailand and other countries around the world, including the Asian-Pacific region. Evidence supports that an important contributing cause of cancer and other chronic illnesses such as stroke, diabetes, and hypertension is excessive alcohol consumption. Studies conducted in Thailand reveal a worrisome rise in the number of new and regular drinkers in communities. Therefore, actions for primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of problem drinking are necessary. In recent years nurses in North East Thailand have been developing and implementing the Khon Kaen Family Health Nursing model to embed disease prevention in communities through the actions of family health nurses and local family health leaders. Aim: The aim of this qualitative research was to better understand the experiences of the local family health leaders using this model and to synthesize lessons learned. Materials and Methods: As part of a participatory action research approach involving analysis of focus group discussions and individual interviews, the experiences of 45 family health leaders were synthesized. Results: Four main themes were identified, namely: i) Family first: role modeling beginning at the personal and family level. ii) Local leverage: using village community forums to reduce alcohol drinking. iii) Gentle growth: making the first step and treading gently; and iv) Respect, Redemption, Rehabilitation: valuing the person to re-integrate them in the village society. Conclusions: As alcohol consumption in the village declined significantly following the prevention program, these findings illuminate how low-tech integrated prevention approaches may be very useful, particularly in rural communities. The lessons learned may have relevance not only in Thailand but in other countries seeking to prevent and mitigate behavior that conduces to diseases such as cancer.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.149-159
• /
• 2010

This paper analyzes data on the composition, status, diversity, and distribution pattern of invasive forest undergrowth in a protected area (Khadimnagar National Park) of Northeastern Bangladesh. Assessment was done by means of stratified random sampling to diversify the invasive forest undergrowth species. For vegetation survey, 45 plots were taken randomly in ($2m{\times}2m$) circular plot from three topographical regions namely top of the hill, middle slope and plain land (15 plots from each region) and a total of 715 individuals, 22 invasive species belonging to 17 families were recorded from the study site. Among invasive species, shrubs constitute 10 species, herbs 9 species, and vines 3 species respectively. Mass number of invasive undergrowth species was grows in plain land (45.45%) followed by middle slope (31.82%). Based on the survey, invasive undergrowth plants of study areas were also categorized into three degrees of invasiveness e.g., highly invasive, moderately invasive and potentially invasive. Herbs, shrubs, and vines constitute the highest density at Chromolaema odorata (Linn.) King. (1.09), relative density at Chromolaema odorata (Linn.) King. 6.85%; highest and lowest frequency was calculated at Cassia alata L. (64.44%) and Diplazium esculentum (24.44%); for relative frequency the highest was Cassia alata L., which occupies 6.64%. Determination of the abundance of the different species revealed that Cassia alata L., constitutes (3.36) followed by Pteris cretica Wilsonii (3.14) of the area. The presence of invasive undergrowth species always reduced the number of associated species. Therefore, an extensive in-depth long-term investigation, proper policy formulation and management interventions and further study and continuous monitoring on their impacts need to be triggered targeting the control of the invasive undergrowth species of this protected area. In this aspect, national and international organization could help to conserve its biodiversity.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
• /
• 제57권2호
• /
• pp.213-220
• /
• 2024

The jugular foramen (JF) is located between the temporal and occipital bones. The JF is a primary pathway for venous outflow from the skull and passage of nerves. Variations are common in this region and may have clinical and surgical implications. To analyze the sexual dimorphism and JF morphology in skulls from Northeastern Brazil. 128 human skulls from the Anatomy Laboratory of the Federal University of Paraíba, 64 male and 64 female, were selected and the JFs analyzed for bone septation and the presence of a dome. Data analysis considered P<0.05 as significant. On at least one side, complete septation was observed in 26 skulls (20.3%), incomplete septation in 93 skulls (72.6%) and 61 skulls (47.6%) did not present septation. In 114 skulls (89%), 47.6% female and 41.4% male, have a unilateral presence of the dome and 71 (55.4%) have it bilaterally. Posterolateral compartment diameters and JF area had higher values on the right side in the total sample and separated by sex (P<0.05). Most morphometric variables of the anteromedial compartment were higher in male than in female (P<0.05), fact that was not observed in the posterolateral compartment (P>0.05). This study showed a higher prevalence of complete septation in males compared to females. Morphometric analysis presented a peculiar morphology of the JF in this study. These results suggests that the surgical approach to diseases that affect the JF may be peculiar to the studied population, confirming the importance of morphological analysis of the skull base.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제32권2B호
• /
• pp.103-111
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 5개의 대설지역을 울릉도(a), 영동북부(b), 서태백산맥(c), 소백산맥북서부(d), 남해안(e)으로 구분하여 30년(1980-2010)동안의 최심신적설자료를 이용하여 시공간적 경향성을 분석하였다. 30년 동안의 적설량과 빈도를 분석한 결과, c와 d의 일부지역에서 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 1980년부터 2000년까지의 기간(A)과 1990년부터 2010년까지의 기간(B)으로 구분하여 공간적 경향성을 비교한 결과, A에서 B기간까지 대설경보의 빈도수는 c와 d지역의 일부 지역에서 B기간 동안 감소한 경향을 명확하게 나타내었다. 연평균 적설량은 A기간부터 B기간까지 b지역이 증가하는 동안 d지역은 감소하여 지역간 큰 격차가 나타난 것으로 분석하였다.

• 한국해양학회지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.271-278
• /
• 1995

한국 동남해역의 대륙붕 표층 쇄설퇴적물에 함유된 중광물 사립자의 연구를 위하 여 88 정점의 표층시료가 분석되고 해석되었다. 중광물 함량의 분포지역은 크게 4지역 으로 다음과 같이 나누어진다. 1)서부지역-자철석,석류석 및 ZTR 등의 안정한 중광물 이 크게 농축되어 분포함, 2) 한국해곡지역-안정한 중과물의 비교적 우세한 분포, 3) 동부지역-각섬석류와 풍화된 광물, 그리고 휘석류의 분포가 우세함, 4) 북동부 붕단지 역-안정한 광물이 적으면, 풍화 변질된 중광물이 우세함. 이와 같은 중광물의 함량 및 분포양상은 대륙붕 해저에 영향을 미치는 현세 해수면상승 (해침)의 과정에 따른 동력 학적 에너지 (파랑작동과 연안류 운동) 와 관련된 것으로 해석된다. 휘석류 중광물이 우세만 퇴적물은 일본의 화산암으로부터 기원된 것으로 제안된다.

• 한국해양학회지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.250-261
• /
• 1995

본 연구는 남해안 가막만의 저서다모류군집의 분포 특성을 조사하기 위하여 1993 년 여름에 수행되었다. 다모류는 전체 저서동물중 개체수에 있어서 74.5%를 점하는 가 장 우점하는 동물군으로서 총 84종이 채집되었으며, 평균 서식밀도는 253 indiv.m/SUP -2/ 이었다. 대체로 가막만의 내해역과 의해역을 연결하는 북동쪽 수로와 남쪽 입구역 부근에서 출현 종수가 많았고 서식밀도가 높았다. 우점하는 다모류는 Tharyxsp sp.(31.9%), Lumbrineris longifolia (27.5%), Chone sp.(4.5%), Glycera chirori(4.2%) 등이었다. 조화분석 결과 가막만은 저서다모류의 종수와 서식밀도에 따 라 4개의 구역으로 나뉘어졌다. 만의 양쪽 입구에 해당되는 북동수로와 암쪽입구역은 Tharyx-Chone 군집이 형성되어 있으며, 가막만에서 저서다모류상이 가장 풍부한 해역 이었다. 반면 북서내만역과 백야도 인근해역은 저서동물의 서식이 거의 불가능할 정도 로 다모류가 빈약한 해역이다. 그리고 만의 중앙에 위치하는 해역은 Praxillella-Terebellides 군집이, 중앙의 구릉역에는 Glycera군집이 형성되어 있으 며, 종수 및 서식밀도에 있어서 만의 입구역과 북서내만역의 점이역에 해당되는 해역 이라 할 수 있다. 즉 가막만은 양 입구역만 해수교안이 불량하고, 과다한 퇴적물내 유 기물 함량, 저층수의 낮은 용존산소 농도로 인하여 빈약한 다모류 군집이 형성되어 있 다.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제27권5호
• /
• pp.345-348
• /
• 1999

외생균근성 버섯인 송이는 동북아시아지역에서 가장 비싼 버섯이다. 이 버섯은 식용버섯이므로 자실체 표면에 병원균이 발생한다면 매우 심각한 문제가 아닐 수 없다. 송이 자실체의 기생균을 발견하였으므로 이에 대하여 자세히 설명하고 Syzygites megalocarpus Ehrenberg ex Fries로 동정하고 이분지털곰팡이로 명명하였음을 보고한다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume II
• /
• pp.926-929
• /
• 2006

Some features of vertical structure of the frontal interaction zone of the warm Kuroshio Current and cold Oyashio Current are known from 1930 from analysis of ship data. Ship data however do not allow carrying out the area detailed survey opposite to satellite infrared (IR) observations which possess by high spatial and temporal resolution. Analysis of NOAA AVHRR IR images demonstrated that process of formation and development of the Kuroshio warm core rings is highly complex. They are formed as a result of development of anticyclonic meanders of the warm Kuroshio waters and spin off them from the current. Joint analysis of thermal infrared images and altimetry data has also indicated that interaction of eddies to the frontal zone plays a crucial role in formation of large eddies moving to the Southern Kuril region.