• 한국제4기학회지
• /
• 제18권2호통권23호
• /
• pp.107-107
• /
• 2004

In this paper we have introduced some results of study on stand growth pattern and stand structure of larch forest which are located in selected forest sites of Khangai and Gobi-Altai mountain ranges of Mongolia. Our investigations showed that growth intensity and stand structure in western Mongolia are very specific from the other forest vegetation zones of Mongolia. Studies on the stand structure and growth trend indicate that tree types of stand structure and different types of growth of Larix sibrica are very common in Western Mongolia. These peculiarities of stand structure and growth of larch stands in Western Monolia could be used for inventory work and an improvement of the forest management in Western Mongolian region. The larch tree is the dominant tree species in Western Mogolia. Forest cover of the region is about 15%, which is two times higher than the country's average. In this region forest area is divided into 4 forest sub-regions: the Central Khangai, Western Khangai, North Eastern Khangai and South Easterun Khangai sub-regions including taiga, pseudo taiga, sub taiga, sub-alpine and forest steppe belts. Silviculture practices and forest research management request to study forest growth trends in local and general conditions, which means to indicate a change of taxonomic characteristics of stand from time to time including diameter, height, basal area, growth stock etc. The forest management practice mostly uses tables of forest growth and yield based on the results of long term research on forest growth. Forest yield tables and other relevant forest standards of Russia are used for the forest inventory and forest management. They are not able to determine forest structure and growth peculiatities of Mongolian forests. Studies on forest resource assessment in Mongolia indicate that after logging operations and forest fires the natural regeneration of desired species such as pine and larch often does not succeed. This situation forces to take a different approach of forest management and silviculture practice depending on the stand structure and growth rate of the forest stands. According to our investigation in last years, forest growth pattern of larch forest depends mostly on stand structure, stand age and growth condition including forest soil, climate and location in different slopes. Due to improve environmental function of forest ecosystem in the region, it is needed to conduct very comprehensive study of high mountain forest ecosystem in selected sub-regions.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.45-76
• /
• 2000

The purposes of this study were to investigate and understand the present status of various types of "deserts", such as sand desert, gravel desert, rock desert, earth desert, salt desert, desert, rocky desert, gobi desert, sandy desert, clay desert, etc., and the general countermeasures for the combating "desertification" "desertization", and to develop the technologies on the revegetation and restoration for the combating desertification in China. The methods of this study were mainly composed of field surveys on the several experimental sites and research institutes related to combating desertification in China, and examinations on the various technologies for the combating desertification at the Daxing Experimental Station of Beijing Forestry University. The conclusion from this study may be summarized as follows; 1. Status and tendency of desertification in China : China is one of the countries seriously threatened by desertification. Desertification affected areas in China are mainly distributed in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas in China, covering the most regions of the Northeast China (eastern region of Inner-Mongolia), the northern part of the North China (middle and western region of Inner-Mongolia, Shaanxi, Ningsha, Gansu) and the western part of the Northwest China (Xinzang, Qinghai, Xizang). The total area affected by desertification in China is approximately 2.622 million $km^2$. It covers 27.3% of the total territory of China. Until recently, it is estimated that the annual spreading ratio of desertification in China is 2,460 $km^2$. Therefore, desertification is mostly serious problems facing to the Chinese people. 2. The causes and environmental effect of desertification : The desertification in China is mainly caused by compound factors, including natural condition and human activities. In China, the desertification is started by the decrease of precipitation, continuous dry and drought, strong wind, wind and water erosion, land degradation and loss of natural vegetation caused by climate variation, and accelerated by the human activities, such as over-cultivating, over-grazing, over-cutting of woods, irrational use of water resources. Because desertification has affected the geographical features, soil nutrients contents, salinity, vegetation coverage and the functions of ecosystem, the environmental deteriorations in the desertification affected areas are very seriously. 3. The fundamental strategies of combating desertification in China are the increase of education and awareness of people through various mass media, the revision of laws to guarantee operation of Desertification Combating Law and to improve many relating laws and regulations, the application of advanced technologies and training of experts, the establishment of discriminative policies, and increasing arrangement of budget-investment, and so on. China, as a signed country in UNCCD, has made efforts for the combating desertification. Korea is also signed country in UNCCD, so we should play an important role in the desertification combating projects of China for the northest asia and global environmental conservation as well as environmental conservation of Korea.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.72-105
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 전북 완주군 동상면 대아리 산1-2번지의 도유림인 속칭 가막골 금낭화군락지의 천연보호구역적 가치를 검토하는 한편 금낭화군락지의 적정 생육환경을 구명하고 이를 바탕으로 금낭화군락지의 보전을 위한 기초자료를 제공할 목적으로 시도 되었다. 이를 위해 문헌 및 인터넷조사를 통해 '금낭화의 형태적 생태적 특성'과 '국내 천연기념물 초본군락의 지정현황 및 문제점'을 살펴보는 한편 현지조사를 통해 금낭화군락의 광환경, 토양환경, 식생조건 등을 조사 분석하여 가막골 금낭화군락지의 천연보호구역적 가치를 파악하고자 한 연구 결과는 아래와 같다. 국내 금낭화 자생군락지를 분석한 결과, 금낭화는 전국의 산지에 고루 분포되고 있으며 이 중 완주 가막골 금낭화군락지의 서식규모는 매우 큰 것으로 나타났다. 또한 금낭화군락지 분포에 대한 문헌 및 현지조사 결과, 준고냉지에서 생육이 월등하며, 생육왕성기인 5월의 풍부한 강수량은 금낭화 생육에 매우 필수적인 것으로 보아 가막골 금낭화군락지는 매우 전형적 기상여건을 보이는 서식지라 판단된다. 한편 금낭화 고밀도분포 군락의 환경 분석 결과, 전석지(轉石地) 토양을 기반으로 고도 300~375m의 범위에 있었으며 평균고도는 344.5m이고 자생지의 좌향(坐向)은 북향 또는 북서향도 포함되나 북동향(NE)이 압도적이었으며 평균 경사는 $19.5^{\circ}$로 나타났다. 또한 광조건 분석 결과, 4월부터 8월까지 생육기간인 5개월간 군락 내 광도는 평균 30,810Lux 이었으며, 생육 초기에는 낮았고 후기로 갈수록 광도는 상승하는 경향이었다. 금낭화 자생조건은 4~5월 생육기에는 약 14,000~18,000Lux 정도의 광조건이었으며, 개화 이후에는 상대적으로 광도 증가와는 관련 없이 결실이 이루어지는 것으로 판단된다. 토양환경 분석 결과, 토양산도(pH)는 표토, 5.2~6.1, 심토, 5.2~6.2로 거의 유사한 범위를 보였으며 표토의 평균 토양pH는 5.54, 심토는 5.58로 이 조건은 비교대상 군락지와 거의 유사하고 전형성이 큰 것으로 추정됨에 따라 가막골의 토양 안정성은 매우 높다고 판단된다. 식생환경 분석 결과, 조사구별 금낭화의 개체수는 13~52개체까지 심한 편차를 보였으나 군락내 발견된 분류군(taxa)은 총 126종류로 순수군락을 유지하면서도 높은 종다양성이 확인되었다. 그리고 대아수목원 금낭화군락지는 금낭화, 미나리냉이, 거북꼬리, 이삭여귀, 물봉선 등이 우점하는 식물사회로 확인되었으며 군락내 식별종(Differential species)은 물봉선, 꼭두서니, 칡, 산딸기와 고추나무, 광대싸리, 개다래로 밝혀짐에 따라 지형 및 토양습도에 따라 전형적 하위군락으로 구분되는 것으로 판단된다. 이와 같은 결과를 종합할 때, 완주군 동상면 대아리 가막골 금낭화군락지는 탁월한 관상성을 가진 자생식물의 서식처임을 확인할 수 있고, 본 군락은 전국분포상의 금낭화 자생군락으로는 국내 최대 규모로 추정되며 기상 및 지형, 토양조건과 식생환경이 군락지의 지속적인 생육 환경을 보장할 수 있는 매우 탁월한 서식지로 판단된다. 따라서 전형적 서식조건과 지속가능성이 큰 가막골 금낭화군락은 당연히 천연보호구역적 가치가 매우 큰 것으로 사료된다.