• Speech Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.115-128
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• 2007

The purposes of this paper were to develop an automatic script to collect such acoustic parameters as duration, intensity, pitch and the first two formant values of English words produced by two native Canadian speakers either alone or in a two-word phrase at a normal speed and to compare those values by the position in the phrases. A Praat script was proposed to obtain the comparable parameters at evenly divided time point of the target word. Results showed that the total duration of the word in the phrase was shorter than that of the word produced alone. That was attributed to the pronunciation style of the native speakers generally placing the primary word stress in the first word position. Also, the reduction ratio of the male speaker depended on the word position in the phrase while the female speaker didn't. Moreover, there were different contours of intensity and pitch by the position of the target word in the phrase while almost the same formant patterns were observed. Further studies would be desirable to examine those parameters of the words in the authentic speech materials.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.54 no.12
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• pp.737-740
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• 2005

This paper describes the possibility of evaluating and classifying arthritic pathology using the acoustical analysis of knee joint sound. Six normal subjects and 11 patients with knee problems were enrolled. Patients were divided into the 1st patient group which required an orthopeadic surgery and the 2nd patient group of osteoarthritis. During sitting and standing periods, subjects' active knee flexion and extension were monitored. Fundamental frequency, mean amplitude of pitch, jitter and shimmer were analyzed according to the position. The results demonstrate that the values of fundamental frequency, jitter and shimmer of the 2nd patient group were larger than others and changed unstably. The values of the standing position were larger than the sitting position.

• MALSORI
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• no.67
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• pp.33-60
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• 2008

The aim of this study is to show the differences in acoustic parameters between a pathological voice /a/ caused by vocal polyp and a normal voice /a/ produced after LMS (Laryngeal Microscopic Surgery). It was expected that voices of two kinds could be analyzed effectively in terms of HNR in specific frequency bands than in all frequency bands. For this study, 10 patients' voice were recorded before and after LMS and then were manipulated in terms of four acoustic parameter. It was found out that (a) frequency bands of 500Hz in the range of 1,000Hz to 4,000Hz were very useful to obtain HNR values; (b) frequency bands in the range of 1,248Hz to 5,500Hz on a log scale were very useful to obtain HNR values; (c) F0 dropped after LMS but not significantly; (d) the bandwidth of the second formant (B2) decreased significantly after LMS, while that of the first formant (B1) decreased after LMS but not significantly.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.138-142
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• 2007

It was the purpose of this study to obtain nasalance values for Chinese and Korean based on Vowels. The NasalView was used to measure the amount of nasal acoustic energy in the speech of 96 normal adults from China and Korea. Means and standard deviations for the nasalance and deviation scores are presented for each of three different vowels. The Chinese speakers were found to have significantly higher nasalance scores on vowel /a/ and /u/.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.79-94
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• 2002

The family concepts and values are investigated in this research, using data from a sample of 999 residents aged 14 to 89 years in Seoul. The results indicate that the family concepts of the subjects imply marital and/or parent-child relationships with normative gender role. People tend to regard divorced, remarried, and adopted members as famines, while classifying gay/lesbian couples, members living together in a communal fashion, and single households into nonfamily groups. People evaluate that the current Korean family doesn't adequately meet the functional needs of families in emotional support, solidarity, recreation, leisure, social and economic security, and generational transmission of culture. More conclusions and implications are discussed.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.401-406
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to identify some anthropometric characteristics related to the incidence of diabetes mellitus in Korea. The subjects were 165 male and female patients aged 30 to 70 years who had been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for less than five year, recruied from eight different hospitals in Seoul, Korea. Weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference and triceps skinfold thickness were measured. Weight before diagnosis of diabetes was also surveyed. The body mass index(BMI) of diabetic patients before diabetic diagnosis was significantly higher than that of reference values. Fifty percent of patients had BMI values greater than 25kg/$m^2$, and female patients were somewhat fatter than male patients. Since many subjects were overweight before diagnosis, obestty could be regarded as a risk factor for the incidence of diabetes mellitus. However, waist-hip ratios(WHR) fell within the normal range, so WHR may not be regarded as an important risk factor for NIDDM in Korea. This study suggests that the risk factors of onset of diabetes in Western populations may not be applicable to the Korea population. More study is needed to clarify the risk factors of Korean diabetes.

• Water for future
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.30-43
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• 1972

The paper describes on the hydrologic analysis of point rainfall data of the three major areas, such as in Seoul, Pusan and Taegu. Scheme of the paper is analyzed five research cases. Contents of the analysis are carried out five kinds of transformed variables for determination of rainfall distribution types and two kinds of reliability tests on unusual(extraordinary) values each rainfall durations:short durations, long durations, long durations, monthly and yearly. Rainfall depth probability had been computed methods of hydrologic amounts analysis namely logarithmic transformations or Gumbel-Chow method and so on, but in this paper it is calculated log xi, n-square root transformations by using normal distribution function and normalization of rainfall distributions is examined graphical tests and $X^2-test$(chi-square test). Furthermore, rainfall depth probability is calculated taking into account the safty factors of project life of hydraulic structures. We think it is advanced contents that considering priceless experiences, the life of structures, conditions and more problems of planning engineers and designers, proposed rainfall amounts(proposed values) are presented charts or figures.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.559-568
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• 2018

Gene classification can involve complex order-restricted inference. Examining gene expression pattern across groups with order-restriction makes standard statistical inference ineffective and thus, requires different methods. For this problem, Roy's union-intersection principle has some merit. The M-estimator adjusting for outlier arrays in a microarray study produces a robust test statistic with distribution-insensitive clustering of genes. The M-estimator in conjunction with a union-intersection principle provides a nonstandard robust procedure. By exact permutation distribution theory, a conditionally distribution-free test based on the proposed test statistic generates corresponding p-values in a small sample size setup. We apply a false discovery rate (FDR) as a multiple testing procedure to p-values in simulated data and real microarray data. FDR procedure for proposed test statistics controls the FDR at all levels of ${\alpha}$ and ${\pi}_0$ (the proportion of true null); however, the FDR procedure for test statistics based upon normal theory (ANOVA) fails to control FDR.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.628-633
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• 2009

The helmholtz resonator with the perforated neck has demerits that the absorption performance is not so outstanding in an anti-resonance frequency and high frequency bandwidth. In order to overcome these problems, in the paper, a resonator combined with porous material is proposed. The absorption performances of resonators are measured by two-microphone method and estimated by transfer matrix method. The experimentally measured values of normal absorption coefficients agree well with the corresponding values from the transfer matrix method. Because of the porous material, it is shown that the absorption performance have been significantly improved in the anti-resonance frequency and high frequency bandwidth.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.2351-2354
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• 2009

A series of N-arylsuccinanilic acids, N-arylsuccinimides, N-arylmaleanilic acids, and N-arylmaleimides was prepared and their NMR spectra were examined by correlating the $^1H\;and\;^{13}C$ chemical shift values with the corresponding Hammett $\sigma$ values. The carbonyl carbons of the amides show a normal correlation with $\sigma$ but those of the imides show an inverse correlation.