• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.534-538
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• 2009

Antiemetic effect of dexamethasone in dogs sedated with medetomidine was evaluated. On the day of experiment, five minutes prior to medetomidine ($40\;{\mu}g$/kg, IM) injection, dexamethasone was administered intravenously at the doses of 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg. Control group was received at 0.1 ml/kg of saline instead of dexamethasone. The dose of 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg of dexamethasone significantly reduced emetic episode. The degree of sedation determined by visual sedation scoring was not influenced by dexamethasone pretreatments. In addition, the values of complete blood counts and blood chemistry did not show significant changes and were within normal ranges before and the day after experiment. These results show that the doses of 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg of dexamethasone are useful and safe method to prevent emetic episode inducing by medetomidine in dogs, without evidence of any clinically relevant influences.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.430-434
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• 2014

Two dogs were referred with the clinical signs of depression and constipation, respectively. One dog with depression had hypoglycemia on biochemistry. On survey abdominal radiographs, a soft tissue density round mass with calcified spots was identified cranial to the urinary bladder. On ultrasonographs, a solitary oval heterogeneous complex-echoic mass with well-defined margin was found. On surgery, the mass was pedunculated and originated from the colonic wall. The resected mass was confirmed as colonic leiomyoma. The other dog with constipation had normal CBC and biochemistry values. On survey abdominal radiographs, there was a soft tissue density round mass dorsal to the descending colon and rectum. The descending colon was displaced ventrally and narrowed by the mass. On ultrasonographs, a well-defined round heteroechoic mass compressed the colon. The mass was also pedunculated and originated from the colonic wall on surgery and confirmed as colonic leiomyoma. Two dogs recovered without any clinical signs after surgery and showed permanent resolution of the clinical signs, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.239-244
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• 1978

Spectroscopic studies of trans-1,2-bispyrazylethylene (BPE), one of the stilbene analogues, were carried out. In normal UV spectra, a distinct $n{\rightarrow}{\pi}^*$ absorption band is missing because of a strong, nearly isoenergetic ${\pi}{\rightarrow}{\pi}^*$ absorption band. The second derivative and low temperature $(77^{\circ}K)$ UV absorption spectra were taken and $n{\rightarrow}{\pi}^*$ absorption band was identified by these methods. The transition energies of ${\pi}{\rightarrow}{\pi}^*$ transitions were calculated by Pariser-Parr-Pople (PPP)-SCF-CI MO method. The calculated values showed good agreement with the observed spectral data. Luminescence studies were also carried out at low temperature. From the fluorescence spectra, fluorescence polarization studies, and PPP-SCF-CI MO calculation, the fluorescent state was determined to be a singlet $({\pi},\;{\pi}^*)$ state. This conclusion is in good agreement with the results obtained from alkaline salt effects on the fluorescence of this compound.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.37 no.12
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• pp.1025-1034
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• 1993

We have measured ${\pi}^*$, $\alpha$ and $\beta$ polarity parameters of 2-propanol / hexane and ethyl acetate / hexane mixed solvents over the entire range of composition. For the ethyl acetate / hexane system, only ${\pi}^*$ and $\beta$ were measured since $\alpha$ of these mixed solvents are defined zero. We have corrected the measured polarity parameters to obtain consistent data with the existing literature data assuming a good linear correlation between the measured and the true values. The variation patterns are consistent with the expected trends based on the chemistry of the solvent components. The general trends of the two solvent systems are summarized as follows. ${\pi}^*$ merely increases as the content of the more polar solvent increases while $\alpha$ and $\beta$ increase with the increase of the content of the more polar solvent, then decrease upon continuing addition of the more polar solvent.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.941-951
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• 2016

The aim of this work is to simulate the thermohydraulic consequences of a main steam line break and to compare the obtained results with Rossendorf Coolant Mixing Model (ROCOM) 1.1 experimental results. The objective is to utilize data from steady-state mixing experiments and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations to determine the flow distribution and the effect of thermal mixing phenomena in the primary loops for the improvement of normal operation conditions and structural integrity assessment of pressurized water reactors. The numerical model of ROCOM was developed using the FLUENT code. The positions of the inlet and outlet boundary conditions and the distribution of detailed velocity/turbulence parameters were determined by preliminary calculations. The temperature fields of transient calculation were averaged in time and compared with time-averaged experimental data. The perforated barrel under the core inlet homogenizes the flow, and therefore, a uniform temperature distribution is formed in the pressure vessel bottom. The calculated and measured values of lowest temperature were equal. The inlet temperature is an essential parameter for safety assessment. The calculation predicts precisely the experimental results at the core inlet central region. CFD results showed a good agreement (both qualitatively and quantitatively) with experimental results.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.14-24
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hypertension, and to assess the risk factors associated with hypertension in elderly (over 65 years old) Koreans, using data from the 4th Korean National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey (the 4th KNHANES), 2007~2009. A total of 1,887 participants were analyzed for assessing the risk factors after excluding those who took hypertension medicines or underwent diet therapy (hypertension perceivers). On the other hand, in analyzing prevalence, a total of 3,526 people were analyzed, including hypertension perceivers. Hypertension was more frequently found in female (64.1%) and urban (62.0%) groups compared to male (55.6%) and rural (57.4%) groups. The mean age of the hypertensive group was significantly higher than that of normal group. The mean values of total cholesterol levels were also significantly higher in the hypertensive group, while body weight, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin, hematocrit, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol were not. Multiple logistic regression showed that smoking was significantly related to the prevalence of hypertension, but alcohol drinking, stress, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, diabetes, anemia, and nutrient intakes were not. The results of this study does not support clear relations of hypertension with chronic diseases including obesity, hyperlipidemia, anemia, and diabetes as well as nutrient intakes among a Korean elderly population. A prospective long-term research study is needed to establish the effects of these factors on hypertension.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2006

This study was performed to evaluate sedation with quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) analysis in dogs. EEG is used to evaluate objectively the effects of CNS acting with brain and behavioral changes. Especially, spectral edge frequency 95 (SEF 95) parameter is an effective method to determine the sedative status. The SEF 95 is the frequency below 95% of the total power. Twelve healthy intact male Miniature Schnauzer dogs, which did not show any neurological abnormalities and disease, were used for the study. EEG electrodes were inserted in subcutaneous tissue over the calvaria without entering adjacent muscles. The EEG data were acquired and analyzed by EEG raw wave and spectral edge frequency 95 analysis. After the administration of sedatives, the SEF 95 values were shown the significant changes compared with the normal state In all groups (p<0.05). It is suggested that SEF 95 analysis is useful method for assessing the state of sedation in dogs.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.635-644
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• 1999

The effect of isoprothiolane(di-isopropyl-1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidenemalonate) aganist fat necrosis in Hanwoo(Korean Cattle) sire was evaluated. The 10 heads of Hanwoo sire suffering from fat necrosis were given 50mg/kg body weight of isoprothiolane(0.2g/kg of Fujix, Japan) orally once a day for 8 weeks. In 30% of these, the size of the necrotic fat masses had decreased significantly 7 months after the adminstration. Isoprothiolane did not affect on live body weight and semen characteristics. However the sire affected with fat necrosis had higher MCHC(Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) than normal sire in hematologic values 10 weeks after administration. Number of RBC(red blood cell) and PCV(packed cell volume) 10 weeks after administration had been increased than those before administration(p < 0.05). The serum concentrations of creatinine, triglyceride, and total cholesterol 10 weeks after administration were higher than those before administration while the concentration of glucose was vice versa. The isoprothiolane may reduce the oxidation of glucose, increase the glucose transfer to lipids, and increase blood supply to necrotic masses. These results indicate that isoprothiolane may be useful as the therapeutic agent aganist fat necrosis.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.127-134
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• 1992

Present experiments were undertaken in order to clarify the clinico-pathological characteristics of lead poisoning in goats. Twenty goats were divided into three experimental groups(A, B and C) and a control(D). The three experimental groups received diets contaminated artificially with 10(A group), 200(B group) and 1,000(C group) ${\mu}g/$ of lead, for 70 days respectively. The control group received normal diets. Blood samples were collected 1 or 2 weeks interval and were examined for anemia(erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin concentrations and hematocrit values) and lead contents of erythrocyte and serum. Urine samples collected similarly with blood were examined for delta-aminolevulinic acid and lead content. Collected samples were analyzed for lead content by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. From these experiments following results were obtained : In group B and C, marked decreases in body weight and feed intake, and diarrhea were observed from the $30^{th}$ day of experimental periods. The B and C groups showed pronounced anemia(decrease in erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit value) from the $21^{st}$ or $42^{nd}$ day. In group B and C, the lead content of erythrocytes was increased significantly from the $28^{th}$ or $14^{th}$ day. The lead content of serum was increased significantly from the $42^{nd}$ or $14^{th}$ day in B and C groups. The lead content of urine was increased significantly from the first day in both B and C groups. The urinary delta-aminolevulinic acid content was increased significantly from $14^{th}$ day in both B and C groups.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.148-158
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• 2014

In order to assess the effect of TMDLs management and improve that in the future, it is necessary to analyze long-term changes in water quality during management period. Therefore, long term trend analysis of BOD was performed on thirty monitoring stations in Geum River TMDL unit watersheds. Nonparametric trend analysis method was used for analysis as the water quality data are generally not in normal distribution. The monthly median values of BOD during 2004~2010 were analyzed by Seasonal Mann-Kendall test and LOWESS(LOcally WEighted Scatter plot Smoother). And the effect of Total Maximum Daily Loads(TMDLs) management on water quality changes at each unit watershed was analyzed with the result of trend analysis. The Seasonal Mann-Kendall test results showed that BOD concentrations had the downward trend at 10 unit watersheds, upward trend at 4 unit watersheds and no significant trend at 16 unit watersheds. And the LOWESS analysis showed that BOD concentration began to decrease after mid-2009 at almost all of unit watersheds having no trend in implementation plan watershed. It was estimated that TMDLs improved water quality in Geum River water system and the improvement of water quality was made mainly in implementation plan unit watershed and tributaries.