• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze the EGG measures from Lx Speech Studio program (Laryngograph Ltd, UK) in patient with vocal nodule. Thirty female adults (15 patient with vocal nodule, 15 normal speaker) produced sustained vowel and read the passage. They were grouped into three groups based on Grade (GRBAS) : normal-G0, nodule-Gl, nodule-G2. Estimates of Fx (Hz), Qx(%), Jitter, Shimmer, and HNR were made from a 500msec midportion of vowel. In addition, DFx(Hz), DQx(%), CFx(%) and CAx(%) were obtained from reading the passage. These data were compared among groups. The results were as follow Jitter, Shimmer, HNR were significantly higher in nodule-G2 group than in normal-G0 & patient-Gl group. In nodule-G2 group, CFx and CAx from reading passage were significantly higher. For patients with nodule, asymmetry or irregularity were observed in graphs of QxFx ＆ CFx provided by Quantitative Analysis.

• 음성과학
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2005

Differential instrumentation for the diagnoses of individuals with Cleft palate has been used to objectively measure speech problems. The Cepstrum Method was used to study the vocal tract transfer function. The vocal tract transfer function and the source spectrum should be considered in the evaluation of nasal resonance. The aim of this study was to collect quantitative data on the acoustic Instrumentation used for evaluating hypernasality. Normal subjects (9 male, 21 female; 37 male children, 20 female children) and individuals with VPI (13 male, 8 female; 16 male children, 9 female) participated in this study. The vowel /i/ was selected to gauge the severances of hypernasality Spectral and Cepstral studies using CSL was used to identify the acoustic characteristics. Cepstrum analysis shows significant differences in quefrency and amplitude. The quefrency of normal groups was shorter than that of the VPI groups, while the amplitude of normal groups was lower than that of the VPI groups. This may have significance in the evaluation 'of nasal resonance.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2007년도 한국음성과학회 공동학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.123-126
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• 2007

This paper suggests a method to improve the performance of the pathological/normal voice classification. The effectiveness of the mel frequency-based filter bank energies using the fisher discriminant ratio (FDR) is analyzed. And mel frequency cepstrum coefficients (MFCCs) and the feature vectors through the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) transformation of the filter bank energies (FBE) are implemented. This paper shows that the FBE LDA-based GMM is more distinct method for the pathological/normal voice classification than the MFCC-based GMM.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2007년도 한국음성과학회 공동학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.163-166
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• 2007

Our present study was performed to investigate acoustically the Chines normal adults' voices. 60 Chines normal adults (30 males and 30 females) of the age of 20 to 39 years oridyced systained vowel /a/ and, by analyzing them acoustically with Dr. Speech, we could get the fundamental frequency (Fo), jitter, shimmer, NNE. As results, on the average, male voices showed 1I8.1Hz in Fo, 0.186% in jitter, 1.12% in shimmer, and -13.7dB in NNE. And, female voices showed 252.4Hz in Fo, 0.186% in jitter, 0.81% in shimmer, and -1I.3dB in NNE. Every parameter except Fo showed no significant difference between male and female voices.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.191-203
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the relationship between vertical dimension during swallowing and speech pattern in patients with temporomandibular disorders. For this study, 33 patients with temporomandibular disorders(TMDs), namely, 17 patients with disc displacement with reduction and 16 patients with disc displacement without reduction, and 30 normal subjects without any signs and symptoms in the masticatory system were selected as the patient group and as the normal group, respectively. Biopak $system^{(R)}$(Bioresearch Inc., Milwaukee, USA) was used for recording of electromyographic(EMG) activity(${\mu}V$) of the anterior temporalis, the superficial masseter, the sternocleidomastoideus and the trapezius insertion muscle during swallowing, and of mandibular positional change with function time(sec.) during swallowing and speech. A sentence of 'Sue is missing her house' was used for observing of speech pattern. Comparison between the two groups and relationship of the mandibular positional change and the function time between during swallowing and during speech were analysed by SPSS windows program. The results of this study were as follows : 1. Mean EMG activity of the trapezius insertion during swallowing was higher in the patient group, and the value was $3.4{\mu}V$ in patients and $2.1{\mu}V$ in normal subjects. 2. Vertica1 dimension(VD) at mandibular rest position before swallowing was slightly higher in the patient group, but VD at swallowing-late stage and at rest position after swallowing were not different between the two groups. 3. Swallowing time were 2.1 sec. in the patient group, and 1.5 sec. in the normal group, and the difference was significant. 4. VD during speech were generally higher in the normal group. In this case, speaking position showing the most difference between the two groups was 'her' position. The distance from habitual intercuspal position to 'her' position was 4.9mm in the patient group, and 6.6mm in the normal group. Speaking time was also longer in the patient group. 5. There were no difference in all observed items between the two categories of the patient group according to reduction of disc displacement. 6. Relationship between the positional changes during swallowing and speech were different between the patient group and the normal group. And in the normal group, VD at rest position before swallowing was negatively correlated with speaking time.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2020

Background and Objectives: Top-down restoration of distorted speech, tapped as phonemic restoration of speech in noise, maybe a useful tool to understand robustness of perception in adverse listening situations. However, the relationship between phonemic restoration and speech perception in noise is not empirically clear. Subjects and Methods: 20 adults (40-55 years) with normal audiometric findings were part of the study. Sentence perception in noise performance was studied with various signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) to estimate the SNR with 50% score. Performance was also measured for sentences interrupted with silence and for those interrupted by speech noise at -10, -5, 0, and 5 dB SNRs. The performance score in the noise interruption condition was subtracted by quiet interruption condition to determine the phonemic restoration magnitude. Results: Fairly robust improvements in speech intelligibility was found when the sentences were interrupted with speech noise instead of silence. Improvement with increasing noise levels was non-monotonic and reached a maximum at -10 dB SNR. Significant correlation between speech perception in noise performance and phonemic restoration of sentences interrupted with -10 dB SNR speech noise was found. Conclusions: It is possible that perception of speech in noise is associated with top-down processing of speech, tapped as phonemic restoration of interrupted speech. More research with a larger sample size is indicated since the restoration is affected by the type of speech material and noise used, age, working memory, and linguistic proficiency, and has a large individual variability.

• 대한청각학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2020

Background and Objectives: Top-down restoration of distorted speech, tapped as phonemic restoration of speech in noise, maybe a useful tool to understand robustness of perception in adverse listening situations. However, the relationship between phonemic restoration and speech perception in noise is not empirically clear. Subjects and Methods: 20 adults (40-55 years) with normal audiometric findings were part of the study. Sentence perception in noise performance was studied with various signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) to estimate the SNR with 50% score. Performance was also measured for sentences interrupted with silence and for those interrupted by speech noise at -10, -5, 0, and 5 dB SNRs. The performance score in the noise interruption condition was subtracted by quiet interruption condition to determine the phonemic restoration magnitude. Results: Fairly robust improvements in speech intelligibility was found when the sentences were interrupted with speech noise instead of silence. Improvement with increasing noise levels was non-monotonic and reached a maximum at -10 dB SNR. Significant correlation between speech perception in noise performance and phonemic restoration of sentences interrupted with -10 dB SNR speech noise was found. Conclusions: It is possible that perception of speech in noise is associated with top-down processing of speech, tapped as phonemic restoration of interrupted speech. More research with a larger sample size is indicated since the restoration is affected by the type of speech material and noise used, age, working memory, and linguistic proficiency, and has a large individual variability.

• 음성과학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2005

The purpose of the present study were (1) to assess differences in tongue performances and speech intelligibility between normal and dysarthric speakers; and (2) to analyze the possible interrelationships between tongue strength, range of motion, and speech intelligibility in dysarthric patients. In order to measure maximum strength of anterior and lateral tongue strength, a force transducer has been designed. And a ruler was used for guaging range of motion. 'Word intelligibility test' was administered to each group. The results were analyzed by a quantitative statistical method(t test, Pearson product- moment correlation, and one-way ANOVA). The results were as follows; (1) dysarthric speakers showed significantly poorer performance than the normal in the tongue strength, range of motion, and speech intelligibility tasks; (2) the correlation between speech intelligibility and instrumental tongue performance was high in the dysarthric group; and (3) instrumental assessment was coincide with perceptual judgement of dysarthric tongue performance. The present investigation demonstrated that tongue weakness is causally related to articulation deficits in dysarthric. The clinical use of the force transducer would help a speech pathologist to quantify the degree of tongue weakness.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.741-747
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• 2007

Purpose: In order to determine the differences in speech outcome based on timing of operation in submucous cleft palate, we have reviewed our experiences in the Furlow palatoplasty over the last 11 years. Methods: From March 1996 to March 2006, 38 submucous cleft palate patients received Furlow palatoplasty. 10 developmentally delayed patients were excluded and 5 patients were lost to follow up. The rest 23 patients were reviewed. Speech was evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively, and speech therapy was performed accordingly. Perceptual speech assessment included hypernasality, nasal emission and articulation disorder. Cinefluorography was performed to aid perceptual assessment. Based on timing of operation, the patients were divided into 3 groups as following: Group A under 24 months(8 patients), Group B from 25 to 48 months(6 patients), and Group C over 49 months (9 patients). Except 1 patient under speech therapy yet, resultant speech was compared. 200707Results: The rate of abnormal speech was higher in Group C(3/9, 33.3%) than in Group A(0%) or B(0%). All 3 patients who had been discontinued of speech therapy from the parent's judgment had abnormal speech. The reason for the discontinuation was that the regular speech therapy was a burden at school age. Any patients who had continued speech therapy had normal speech. Conclusion: The results of our study shows that operative timing is associated with speech development. Maintenance of speech therapy was an important factor for normal speech development. It will be helpful to perform a palatoplasty before 48 months of age to complete speech therapy before the school age.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.5495-5501
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• 2014

본 연구는 좌측 전두엽 손상자(Individual with Left Frontal Lobe Injury, ILFLI)의 화행이해능력을 평가하고 화행이해능력과 실행기능 간의 상관을 살펴보았다. 연구대상은 ILFLI집단 18명과 정상 성인집단 18명으로 하였으며, 이들에게 화행이해능력검사와 Kims 전두엽-실행기능 검사 중 EXIT를 실시하여 화행이해능력과 EIQ를 측정하였다. 연구결과 ILFLI가 정상성인 보다 화행이해능력과 실행기능이 낮게 나타났으며, ILFLI의 화행이해능력과 실행기능 간에는 유의미한 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 ILFLI는 화행이해능력에 손상이 있으며, 이를 향상시키기 위해서는 전통적인 언어치료 접근법과 더불어 실행기능을 향상시키기 위한 프로그램이 함께 이루어져야 함을 제언하는 바이다.