• Anxiety and mood
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.33-37
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• 2015

Objective : Impaired response inhibition has been suggested to play an important role in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the response inhibition in patients with OCD, by using the Go/NoGo paradigm, and to better understand its associations with clinical symptoms. Methods : The participants included 63 OCD patients and 80 healthy volunteers matched in age and sex. response inhibition was evaluated using computerized Go/NoGo task, in which their commission error rates, omission error rates, and mean response times were measured. The severity of clinical symptoms in the OCD patients was assessed using Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale and Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. Result : OCD patients showed significantly impaired inhibition and higher omission errors rates despite their slower response time, compared to normal controls. Clinical symptoms were not correlated with commission errors and omission errors. Conclusion : The present results indicate that impairment in response inhibition may play a critical role in the pathophysiology of OCD as a trait. These findings suggest that deficit of response inhibition may contribute to developing and maintaining clinical symptoms such as compelling need to repeat certain actions in patients with OCD.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.13 no.1_2
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• pp.31-36
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• 1979

The TRH stimulation test was known as a highly diagnostic method in hypothalamopituitary disorders. To evaluate the location and the extension of the lesion, we estimated TSH response to TRH test in 27 patients. Correlation between volume of sella and TSH response was also studied. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In Sheehan's syndrome, TSH response after TRH test were not observed in all of 12 patients. 2. All 2 acromegaly patients showed normal TSH response. 3. In 4 cases of chromophobe adenoma, 2 cases showed no TSH response. In 2 responded cases, one patient whose tumor mass extended to suprasella region was hypothyroid state. 4. In craniopharyingioma 3 cases, the tumor which extended to intrasella showed hypothyroid and no TSH response. 5. Correlation between volume of sella and TSH response were valuable in 2 cases, but no diagnostic significance. 6. In diabetes inspidus, TSH response were all absent. 7. In primary amenorrhea, TSH response observed in 1 case, which conformed with isolated FSH deficiency.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.47-75
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• 2011

An accurate substructural synthesis method including random responses synthesis, frequency-response functions synthesis and mid-order modes synthesis is developed based on rigorous substructure description, dynamic condensation and coupling. An entire structure can firstly be divided into several substructures according to different functions, geometric and dynamic characteristics. Substructural displacements are expressed exactly by retained mid-order fixed-interfacial normal modes and residual constraint modes. Substructural interfacial degree-of-freedoms are eliminated by interfacial displacements compatibility and forces equilibrium between adjacent substructures. Then substructural mode vibration equations are coupled to form an exact-condensed synthesized structure equation, from which structural mid-order modes are calculated accurately. Furthermore, substructural frequency-response function equations are coupled to yield an exact-condensed synthesized structure vibration equation in frequency domain, from which the generalized structural frequency-response functions are obtained. Substructural frequency-response functions are calculated separately by using the generalized frequency-response functions, which can be assembled into an entire-structural frequency-response function matrix. Substructural power spectral density functions are expressed by the exact-synthesized substructural frequency-response functions, and substructural random responses such as correlation functions and mean-square responses can be calculated separately. The accuracy and capacity of the proposed substructure synthesis method is verified by numerical examples.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.52-57
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• 2000

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the pattern of cerebral response to motor tasks in patients with schizophrenia compared with normal subjects using functional MRI. Materials and methods ; Nine right handed-schizophrenic patients and six right-handed normal subjects were included. We used right hand movement as task. Series of 120 consecutive echo-planar images per section were acquired during three cycles of task and rest activations. Lateralization index of cortical response was measured and compared between patients and normal subjects. Results ; Right hand motor task was associated with greater activation in left sensorimotor cortex than the right in normal subjects. Schizophrenia patients showed relatively decreased activation in left cortex and increased activation in right cortex compared with normal subjects. In one patient, reversed lateralization was noted. Conclusion : Normal hemispheric asymmetry of cortical response to motor task was found in different pattern in schizophrenia. Our result is consistent with functional disturbance of motor circuitry in this disorder. Functional MRI will play an important role in diagnosis and research of this disorder.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.1213-1227
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• 2023

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a prevalent obstetric condition. This study aimed to investigate the role of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in regulating the inflammatory response and gut microbiota structure in FGR. An FGR animal model was established in rats, and ODN1668 and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) were administered. Changes in gut microbiota structure were assessed using 16S rRNA sequencing, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was conducted. HTR-8/Svneo cells were treated with ODN1668 and HCQ to evaluate cell growth. Histopathological analysis was performed, and relative factor levels were measured. The results showed that FGR rats exhibited elevated levels of TLR9 and myeloid differentiating primary response gene 88 (MyD88). In vitro experiments demonstrated that TLR9 inhibited trophoblast cell proliferation and invasion. TLR9 upregulated lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS-binding protein (LBP), interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α while downregulating IL-10. TLR9 activated the TARF3-TBK1-IRF3 signaling pathway. In vivo experiments showed HCQ reduced inflammation in FGR rats, and the relative cytokine expression followed a similar trend to that observed in vitro. TLR9 stimulated neutrophil activation. HCQ in FGR rats resulted in changes in the abundance of Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group at the family level and the abundance of Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group and Bacteroides at the genus level. TLR9 and associated inflammatory factors were correlated with Bacteroides, Prevotella, Streptococcus, and Prevotellaceae_Ga6A1_group. FMT from FGR rats interfered with the therapeutic effects of HCQ. In conclusion, our findings suggest that TLR9 regulates the inflammatory response and gut microbiota structure in FGR, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of FGR and suggesting potential therapeutic interventions.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.158.2-158
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• 2001

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.159-160
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• 2008

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.92-100
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate 1) the neuropsychological deficits with major depressive disorder(MDD) in depressed state and 2) the changes of neuropsychological dysfunctions during depressed episodes and remitted periods in the MDD group. Methods : 12 patients with MDD and 70 normal controls who were diagnosed and classified by DSM-IV and SCID-IV interview participated in this study. The psychopathology was measured using the Hamilton rating scale for depression(HAM-D) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale(BPRS). The memory function, executive function, and sustained attention were measured by a trained psychologist using the Korean version of Memory Assessment Scale(K-MAS), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST), and Vigilance(VIG) and Cognitrone (COG) in Vienna Test System. After 6 weeks of treatment, we retested the cognitive tests in order to measure the cognitive functions in remitted states. Results : Patients with MDD achieved significantly lower score in sentence immediately recall, verbal memory score and total memory score of the K-MAS, total errors of the WCST, response time of Vigilance and response time at "Yes" response of Cognitrone than normal controls at baseline. After 6 weeks of medication, the psychiatric symptoms in the patient group were attenuated, and most of the neuropsychological functions including attention, memory, and frontal/executive function were improved except for response time of Cognitrone. Conclusions : This study provides evidence for distinct neuropsychological deficits in patients with MDD on their depressed states and remitted periods. The impairment on response time remains after remission, and this would be a trait marker of major depressive disorder.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2006

The response characteristics and suppression of flow-induced vibrations of rectangular prisms with various width-to-depth ratios were experimentally investigated. The prisms were rigid and elastically mounted at both ends to enable constrained torsional vibrations only. The present study focused on torsional vibrations, one of the three types of flow-induced vibrations generated in a rectangular prism. First, the response characteristics of torsional vibrations generated in rectangular prisms were investigated by free-vibration tests. It was found that the response characteristics of torsional vibrations generated in rectangular prisms could be classified into six patterns depending on the width-to-depth ratio. Next, the response characteristics of torsional vibrations observed in the free-vibration tests were reproduced by forced-vibration tests, and the mechanisms by which the three types of flow-induced vibrations, low-speed torsional flutter, vortex excitation and high-speed torsional flutter, are generated in the rectangular prisms were elucidated on the basis of characteristics of fluid forces and visualized flow patterns. Experiments were also carried out to establish an effective method for suppressing flow-induced vibrations generated in the rectangular prisms, and it was found that low-speed torsional flutter and high-speed torsional flutter could be suppressed by placing a small normal plate upstream of the prism, which results in suppression of the alternating rolling-up of the shear layers separating from the leading edges of the prism. It was also found that vortex excitation could be suppressed by placing a splitter plate downstream of the prism, which results in suppression of the generation of wake vortices.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.9
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• pp.3361-3379
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• 2022

A nuclear power plant (NPP) piping is designed against low-frequency earthquakes. However, earthquakes that can occur at NPP sites in the eastern part of the United States, northern Europe, and Korea are high-frequency earthquakes. Therefore, this study conducts bi-directional shaking table tests on actual-scale NPP piping and studies the response characteristics of low- and high-frequency earthquake motions. Such response characteristics are analyzed by comparing several responses that occur in the piping. Also, based on the test results, a piping numerical analysis model is developed and validated. The piping seismic performance under high-frequency earthquakes is derived. Consequently, the high-frequency excitation caused a large amplification in the measured peak acceleration responses compared to the low-frequency excitation. Conversely, concerning relative displacements, strains, and normal stresses, low-frequency excitation responses were larger than high-frequency excitation responses. Main peak relative displacements and peak normal stresses were 60%-69% and 24%-49% smaller in the high-frequency earthquake response than the low-frequency earthquake response. This phenomenon was noticeable when the earthquake motion intensity was large. The piping numerical model simulated the main natural frequencies and relative displacement responses well. Finally, for the stress limit state, the seismic performance for high-frequency earthquakes was about 2.7 times greater than for low-frequency earthquakes.