• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.25 no.2 s.95
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• pp.95-105
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• 2007

Speeding and drunken driving make drivers fail to detect hazards and cope with various driving situations. These behaviors also raise the possibility of being involved in traffic accidents and tend to increase the number of fatalities. The authors compared the driving behavior determinants of a rockless drivers group, consisting of individuals who have committed traffic accidents or offended regulations through drunken driving, with a normal drivers group. In the results, the reckless drivers group showed high scores of 'speeding' and 'drunken driving', and they also stated that they had more experiences of speeding, drunken driving and traffic accidents. In the path analysis study, it was found that the impacts of the rockless drivers group's 'risk sensitivity' and 'situational adaptability' on traffic accidents were stronger than those of normal drivers. This means 'risk sensitivity' and 'situational adaptability' can explain the origins of traffic accidents better in the reckless drivers group than accidents of the normal drivers group.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.1188-1194
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• 2008

Derail accident of train and motorcar through signal override causes such a huge obstruction in train service. To minimize such derail accidents, number of bills were examined such as installing normal and reverse position indicator on the switch. A indicator was necessary which does not affect current equipments and not to be confused as traffic lights. Normal and reverse position indicator is installed in the middle of the rail in front of front rod of switch. It is to prevent derail accident while manual handling of obstacle by ease of verifying normal and reverse position by attendants or motorcar driver. Also, it is a device that prevents accidents by indicating normal and reverse position of switch during night service of motorcar. Such a prevention accomplished through thorough maintenancework of equipment, precise handling of operators and exterior factors are eliminated or perceived and treated well.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.227-239
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• 2015

The thermal, mechanical, and neutronic performance of the metal alloy fast reactor fuel design complements the safety advantages of the liquid metal cooling and the pool-type primary system. Together, these features provide large safety margins in both normal operating modes and for a wide range of postulated accidents. In particular, they maximize the measures of safety associated with inherent reactor response to unprotected, doublefault accidents, and to minimize risk to the public and plant investment. High thermal conductivity and high gap conductance play the most significant role in safety advantages of the metallic fuel, resulting in a flatter radial temperature profile within the pin and much lower normal operation and transient temperatures in comparison to oxide fuel. Despite the big difference in melting point, both oxide and metal fuels have a relatively similar margin to melting during postulated accidents. When the metal fuel cladding fails, it typically occurs below the coolant boiling point and the damaged fuel pins remain coolable. Metal fuel is compatible with sodium coolant, eliminating the potential of energetic fuel-coolant reactions and flow blockages. All these, and the low retained heat leading to a longer grace period for operator action, are significant contributing factors to the inherently benign response of metallic fuel to postulated accidents. This paper summarizes the past analytical and experimental results obtained in past sodium-cooled fast reactor safety programs in the United States, and presents an overview of fuel safety performance as observed in laboratory and in-pile tests.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.108-120
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• 1996

It is a problems in industrial accidents that the knowledge for industrial accidents is obtained by experience, not by experiment. This experiential knowledge is obtained by Investigating accident cases and utilizing those for safety education. Therefore, in this paper, the situation about the serious accident of construction is analyzed by occupation, a kind of construction, time group, season, type of accident, and accidental cause. And the mutual · relations of these factors are studied. The most frequent type of the serious accidents of construction Is the falling accident. It happenes most frequently at apartment construction among kinds of construction and to structural worker, finishing worker, normal worker in order among occupations. And it is found that the most critical causes of the falling accident are the imperfection of safety facilities and unwearing of protection equipments, so a number of accidents can be reduced by the expansion of safety facilities and wearing of protection equipments absolutely. The counterplan of prohibition of accidents and the direction of government policy are presented by a series of nalyses for accident cases.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 2021

Normal Operation Safety Survey (NOSS) is a safety management tool used by air traffic control organizations to measure data related to threats and errors to proactively prevent accidents before they occur. NOSS was developed to be applied to the air traffic control field according to the concept of Line Operation Safety Audit (LOSA) conducted by airlines to reduce human errors in the cockpits. Safety management based on data is crucial for the prevention of control-related accidents, and the competency of observers for this is important for the successful implementation of NOSS. Based on LOSA implementation experiences and expert interviews, this paper introduces the international NOSS methods and discusses the key factors required for effective observation and the implementation methods and implications of NOSS observer training.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.14-19
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• 2011

Conveyors cause a high serious and fatal injuries in the industry. Every year people are hurt or killed as a result of accidents on conveyors. Most accidents occur during operation and maintenance when employees are working on moving, unguarded conveyors or when the conveyors starts unexpectedly. In 2008 there were 486 reported injures ranging from fatalities to injures. Of these 486 reported accidents, 8 were fatalities, 66.9%(325) of reported accidents occurred in manufacturing company and 43.8%(213) occurred at the belt conveyors. The objective of this study was to invent the remote emergency stop device because industrial accidents mainly occur at blind spots where usually do not have any safety guard or device rather than the normal working places. In principle, this new device will use with the existing safety system. Then, it will be powerful safety system for preventing injuries related with conveyors.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.85-91
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• 2012

To verify the effect of driver's personal characteristics of driver on the accident frequency through railway accidents caused by human errors and the relationship with aptitude test. To prove the relevance between the driver's personal characteristics and human error accidents. Accident data from 2010 to 2011 was analyzed which collected from a train crew department in K national corporation, and 31 drivers gave an personal interview from Sep. 2011 to Nov. 2011 who had controlled a train alone and caused an accident. Compared between driver's personal characteristics and accident rate, and accident induction possibility surveyed from normal person and disqualified in aptitude tests. Accidents was occurred with the age 40s (27%) and 50s (25%), and with the experience between 15 years and 20 years (38%) and over 20 years (30%). Because more aged, more experienced, it can be seen in the correlation between driver's age and accidents induction caused by human errors like illusion. First of all it must be checked whether working conditions and environmental factors are human error-prone. Most accidents occur when received civil complaints or manager at the riding. Therefore accidents can be prevented when investigated through subsequent surveys how often human error happens, even though no accident, and safety device installed based on the error frequency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.229.2-229
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• 2001

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.205-214
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• 2004

This paper presents design concepts, specifications and performances of a newly developed Black Box, the reconstruction analysis tool with the records, and results of validation tests. The Black Box can detect crash accidents automatically, and record the vehicle's motion and driver's maneuvers during a pre-defined time period before and after the accident. The items of the Black Box included the acceleration, yaw-rate, vehicle speed, engine RPM, braking application, steering and several digital inputs for recording driver's maneuvers. To detect the accident-related-crash, it is important to understand characteristics of the crash signal, which are much different from those of normal driving. Therefore, analytical considerations should be taken in designing pre-filtering circuits and selecting appropriate parameters for identifying crash accidents. And, it is necessary to select proper combination of motion sensors and design proper pre-filtering circuits in order to describe the vehicle's motion. The analysis algorithms were developed and implemented which can perform accurate detection of crash accidents, simulating pre-crash trajectories, and calculating parameters for reconstruction analysis of crash accidents. The developed Black Box was installed on passenger cars and several types of validation tests were conducted. Through the tests, the accuracy of the recorded data and usefulness of the analysis tool for reconstruction have been validated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.68-73
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• 2020

The proportion of airline accidents caused by human factors is steadily increasing. The aviation industry has made considerable progress in reducing the accident rate; however, since the early 1980s, the accident rate has remained constant. Due to airspace congestion, the safety margins of these existing safety promotion methods are gradually decreasing; thus, new methods to prevent accidents and quasi-accidents must be devised. Causative factors of aviation accidents include increased air traffic due to increased air demand, increased cumulative working hours due to long-distance flights, and complicated flight environments. Accidents often occur when several small errors accumulate in the normal course of operation, rather than after a single error. Accordingly, in this study, the impacts on air navigation due to human error by aviation maintenance personnel and varying international standards (i.e., KOCA vs. F.A.A vs. EASA) analyzed, and the relationship between human decision-making and behavior was investigated. The resulting safety analysis and alternatives were presented to prevent aviation maintenance accidents and cognitive ergonomics errors.