• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.119-128
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• 1998

In this paper, nonsteady state shaped drawing process has been investigated using the three-dimensional rigid-plastic finite element method. In order to analyze the shaped drawing process, a method to define straight converging die considering straight die part, die radius part and bearing part has been proposed. In addition, the modeling of initial billet and the generation procedure of mesh system have been suggested. The three-dimensional rigid-plastic finite element simulation has been performed for a square sectional drawing process and its result has been confirmed in comparison with the existing experimental one. Also, for the same process conditions, the effect of perimeter ratio in the shaped drawing process has been investigated.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 1998년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.205-209
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• 1998

Unlike the drawing of round section from round bar, the shaped drawing like polygonal section is known to have influence not only drawing stress but also comer filling. Therefore, this study analyze the drawing process of suqare rod from round bar using nonsteady state rigid-plastic FEM. To investigate effects of process variables of the drawing process of square rod from round bar, FE-simulations with variety of reduction in area and semi-die angle for a given frictional condition have been conduction. By this results, it has to suggest optimal process condition on the drawing stress and the comer filling. In addition, it has determined forming limit considering necking and bulging.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.145-151
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• 1998

Unlike the drawing of round section from round bar, the shaped drawing like polygonal section is known to have influence not only drawing stress but also corner filling. Therefore. this study analyze the drawing process of suqare rod from round bar using nonsteady state rigid-plastic FEM. To investigate effects of process variables of the drawing process of square rod from round bar, FE-simulations with variety of reduction in area and semi-die angle for a given frictional condition have been conducted. By this results, it has to suggest optimal process condition on the drawing stress and the corner filling. In addition, it has determined forming limit considering necking and bulging.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.207-213
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• 1996

The kinetic change of electrical resistance of hairless mouse skin as a function of ionic strength of the bathing medium was determined from impedance measurements. After increasing (decreasing) the ionic strength of the bathing medium, resistance decreased (increased) continuously with time, finally reaching an equilibrium value. We have modelled this process, using nonsteady-state diffusion kinetics. The results show semi-quantitative correlation between theoretically derived and experimentally obtained values. Overall, this work provides further mechanistic insight into ion-conduction through the skin.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 1994년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.37-46
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• 1994

In metal forming, there ar problems with recurrent geometric characteristics and without explicitly prescribed boundary conditions. In such problems, so-called recurrent boundary conditions must be introduced. The present study deals with nonsteady-state three-dimensional finite element analysis for extrusion of a trocoidal helical gear through a curved die. The boundary-directed remeshing scheme based on the modular remeshing technique is developed to reduce the errors arising in fitting old and new mesh systems. The computed extrusion pressure in reaching the near steady-state loading stage is compared with the results of the experiment and the steady-state analysis. The three-dimensional deformed pattern involving warping at the extruded end due to torsional deformation mode is demonstrated.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.31-42
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• 1985

The metal flow and the strain distribution is investigated for the steady state and non-steady state bulk deformation processes by using an improved visioplasticity method which includes the effective smoothing scheme. The comparison of various smoothing schemes leads to the selection of the five- point least square smoothing method which is employed to reduce the measurement errors. As a steady state forming process experiments are carried out for axisy- mmetric forward extrusion through conical and curved dies of various area reduc- tions using Aluminum and steel billets. Axisymmetric backward extrusion is chosen for a nonsteady state forming process. In axisymmetric forward extrusion the results from visioplasticity show that the curved die of a fourth-order polynomial renders more uniform distribution of strain rates and strains. Higher reduction leads to greater strain rates at the outer side of the billet. The visioplastic observation for axisymmetric backward extrusion as a non-steady state deformation process shows the concentration of higher strain at the inner wall of the extruded product. The visioplastic results in forward extrusion are in agreement with the computed results by the finite element method. It is thus shown that the visio- plasticity combined with a smoothing technique is an effective method to determine the pattern and the distribution of strain rates and strains.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.167-173
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• 1979

생물학적 고정막(biological fixed-film)을 이용한 REMSMAS공법이 개발되었다. REMSMAS 공법에서 유기물질 제거속도에 관한 수학적 model는 CMAS공법과는 많은 차이점이 있었으며, 유기물질 제거속도에 대한 동력학적 해석은 screen media에 부착된 활성미생물과 부유상태의 미생물에 근거를 두어 해석하였다. 단일폭기 CMAS공법은 steady-strate에 도달된 후 연속적으로 공칭체류시간이 4.5, 6, 9.5 및 12시간으로 운전되었고 REMSMAS 공법은 공칭체류시간이 6시간 및 12시간으로 운전되었으며 운전초기는 nonsteady-state상태였다. 또한 시수는 원액을 약 18배 희석하여 COD값이 950mg/l, BOD값이 450mg/l 되도록 하였다. 부유상태의 미생물에 근거를 둔 설계인자들은 단일폭기 CMAS공법 의하여 구하여 졌으며 이 값들은 REMSMAS공법의 유기물 제거속도에 대한 동력학적 상수를 구하는 이용되었다. 단일폭기 CMAS공법에서 얻어진 $Y_2,\;K_d,(\mu_{max})_s\;and\;K_s$ 및 $K_s$값은 각각 0.78, 0.27/hr, 1.1/hr, 95mg/l였다. REMSMAS공법에서 단위표면적당 유기물 부하량상수 값은 $9.1mg/cm^2-day$였고 포화상수(Kg)값은 평균 53.5mg/l였다. REMSMAS공법은 steady-state 운전될 때는 유기물 제거율은 단일폭기 CMAS법 보다 높게 나타났으나 한계운전 기일에 도달됨에 따라 감소 한다.

• 지질공학
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.283-295
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• 1994

새로운 비정상류 이중공극 프락탈 모델이 소개되었다. 이 모델은 프락탈대수층내에서 블록으로부터 균열로 향하는 비정상류 및 블록과 균열간의 스킨을 모식화한 것이다. 이 모델은 또한 양수정의 우물저장과 우물손실효과를 포함한다. 이 모델에 의해서 여러가지 흐름의 차원과 여러가지 값의 수리상수에 대한 표준곡선들이 만들어졌다. 이 모델은 균열 대수층의 야외 자료에 적용되었다.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2000년도 춘계 학술대회 및 국제 감성공학 심포지움 논문집 Proceeding of the 2000 Spring Conference of KOSES and International Sensibility Ergonomics Symposium
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• pp.39-46
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• 2000

The imploded open $\pi$-rays comprise of the space and their diameters are distributed from nearly zero to infinite. The change of the potential energy in the open $\pi$-ray produces an attraction force between them and it is sensible to the geometric shape factor and its frequency. The equivalent principle of general relativity means that in the wave equation its velocity of the force wave is infinite. The change of the state in a open $\pi$-ray(or any force wave) can be transferred to any sensible open $\pi$-ray via space at a finite velocity. Many properties of the light wave can be deduce from the motions of open $\pi$-rays.The nonsteady and steady Schr dinger equations include the dynamics of open $\pi$-rays and closed $\pi$-rays.$\prod$-ray is a tool of entity for constructing physics and metaphysics at the same time.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.233-245
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• 1998

A new approach has been proposed for the incremental analysis of the nonsteady state large deformation of planar anisotropic elastic-plastic sheet forming. A mathematical brief review of a constitutive law for the incremental deformation theory has been presented from flow theory using the minimum plastic work path for elastic-plastic material. Since the material embedded coordinate system(Lagrangian quantity) is used in the proposed theory the stress integration procedure is completely objective. A new return mapping algorithm has been also developed from the general midpoint rule so as to achieve numerically large strain increment by successive control of yield function residuals. Some numerical tests for the return mapping algorithm were performed using Barlat's six component anisotropic stress potential. Performance of the proposed algorithm was shown to be good and stable for a large strain increment, For planar anisotropic sheet forming updating algorithm of planar anisotropic axes has been newly proposed. In order to show the effectiveness and validity of the present formulation earing simulation for a cylindrical cup drawing and front fender stamping analysis are performed. From the results it has been shown that the present formulation can provide a good basis for analysis for analysis of elastic-plastic sheet metal forming processes.