• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.284-291
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• 2015

The aim of this study is to present a nonoperative treatment for abdominal injuries in patients with multiple traumas and to discuss the role of metropolitan tertiary hospital, non-regional trauma centers. We collected data from patients with multiple traumas including abdominal injuries from 2009 to 2014. Patient characteristics, associated injuries, short-term outcomes and departments that managed the patients overall were analyzed. Based on treatment modalities for abdominal injury, patients were divided into two groups: the operative treatment group and the nonoperative treatment group. We compared differences in patient characteristics, injury mechanisms, initial vital signs, detailed injury types, lengths of hospital and ICU stays. Of the 167 patients with multiple traumas, abdominal injuries were found in 57 patients. The injury mechanism for 44 patients (77.2%) was traffic accidents, and associated extra-abdominal injuries were shown in 45 patients (78.9%). The mean lengths of hospital and ICU stays for the 57 patients were 36.4 days and 8.3 days, respectively. The in-hospital mortality rate was 8.8%. Ten patients (17.5%) were treated operatively, and 47 patients (82.5%) were treated nonoperatively. Among the 47 patients in the nonoperative treatment group, 17 patients received embolization, and 3 patients underwent a percutaneous drainage procedure. Operative treatments were used more in patients with injuries to the pancreas and bowel. No patient required additional surgery or died due to the failure of nonoperative treatment. No differences in the clinical characteristics except for the detailed injury type were observed between the two groups. In appropriately selected patients with multiple traumas including abdominal injuries, nonoperative treatment is a safe and feasible. For rapid and accurate managements of these patients, well-trained trauma surgeons who can manage problems with the various systems in the human body and who can decide whether nonoperative treatment is appropriate or not are required.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.72-75
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• 2021

The incidence of Achilles tendon rupture is increasing as more people participate in sports and physical activities. However, whether to treat a complete rupture of the Achilles tendon, conservatively or operatively, is still controversial. Current studies show that the nonoperative treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture with short-term immobilization for up to two weeks and subsequent accelerated functional rehabilitation with protected weight-bearing results in similar functional outcomes and re-rupture rates compared to those treated surgically. Also, nonoperative treatment does not risk any surgical morbidity such as wound problems, infection, and nerve injury. Therefore, the treatment options for acute Achilles tendon rupture should be carefully chosen in consultation with patients regarding possible clinical outcomes and complications of both treatment options.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the presence or absence of pain with the jerk test as a predictor of the success of nonoperative treatment for posteroinferior instability of the shoulder and to identify pathologic lesion responsible for the pain in the jerk test. Eighty-nine shoulders(81 patients), which had posteroinferior instability with positive posterior clunk in the jerk test, were nonoperatively treated. The patients were divided into two groups with respect to the presence of pain in the jerk test: painless jerk group(54 shoulders) and painful jerk group(35 shoulders). Response to the nonoperative treatment was evaluated after at least 6 months rehabilitation program. Patients who did not respond to the rehabilitation underwent arthroscopic examination to identify any pathologic lesion. The painful jerk group had higher failure rate with nonoperative treatment (p<0.001). In the painless jerk group, fifty shoulders (93%) responded to rehabilitation program after a mean of 4 months. Four shoulders(7%) were unresponsive to the rehabilitation. In the painful jerk group, five shoulders(16%) were successful with the rehabilitation while the other thirty shoulders(84%) failed. All 34 shoulders, which were unresponsive to the rehabilitation, had a variable degree of posteroinferior labral lesions. In conclusion, the jerk test is a hallmark for predicting the prognosis of nonoperative treatment in the posteroinferior instability. Shoulders with symptomatic posteroinferior instability and a painful jerk test have posteroinferior labral lesion.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

Purpose : There has been considerable controversy as to the method of the treatment of acute acromioclavicular joint dislocation classified to type III injury. The purpose of this study is to compare the conservative and operative treatment of the type III acute acromioclavicular joint dislocation in terms of clinical and radiological results. Materials and Methods: We treated 31 cases of acute, type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation, 17 cases were treated by operative methods and 14 patients by conservative treatment, and 1 year minimum follow-up was done from January 1990 to January 1996. We used UCLA Shoulder Rating Scale for clinical results. And for the radiological results coracoclaviclar distance were measured. We used Fisher's exact test for statistical analysis of results between the two treatment methods. Results: Fifteen(88.2%) of seventeen patients in operative treatment and eleven(78.6%) of fourteen patients in nonoperative treatment were rated excellent or good on the UCLA rating scale. In radiographic evaluation, the average coracoclavicular distances of preoperative state, immediate postoperation(or postreduction) and last follow-up were as follows. In operative cases, it was 1.75±0.21mm, 1.14±0.24mm and 1.33± 0.22mm respectively. In nonoperative cases, it was 1.65±0.14mm, 1.26±0.26mm, and 1.42±0.27mm respectively. Conclusion : This study demonstrated that there was no significant difference in clinical and radiological results between the operative and nonoperative treatment groups. So, nonoperative treatment is recommended for acute type III acromioclavicular dislocation as general rule.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.87-92
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• 2014

Acquired adult flatfoot is a deformity characterized by a decreased medial longitudinal arch and a hindfoot valgus with or without forefoot abduction. The etiologies of this deformity include posterior tibial tendon dysfunction, rheumatoid arthritis, trauma, Charcot's joint, neurologic deficit, and damage to the medial spring ligament complex or plantar fascia. Among these, posterior tibial tendon dysfunction is the most well-known cause. Although posterior tibial tendon dysfunction has been regarded as a synonym of acquired adult acquired flatfoot, failure of the ligaments supporting the arch can also result in progressive deformity even without a posterior tibial tendon problem. The authors describe the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and nonoperative treatment of acquired adult flatfoot, focusing on posterior tibial tendon dysfunction.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Therapy Association
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• s.3
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• pp.39-45
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• 1981

A Study on Scoliosis Milwaukee Brace , Therapeutic Exercise -Oh, Kuyung- Hwan Scoliosis implies an appreciable lateral deviation in the spine. There are numerous theories of the etiology of scolisosis. but the true causative factors remain unknown ;thus this affliction currently cannot be prevented. Treatment essentially consists of early recognition, correction of existing curves, and prevention of the further progression of the curves . Tremendous strides are being made in the treatment of severe scoliosis but the desire for early nonoperative treatment is of paramount important. Many conservative nonoperative procedures have been advocated. Among th-em .Milwaukee brace and therapeutic exercise are the most effective ones .

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.66-71
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• 2021

Achilles tendinopathy has seen good results with conservative management. However, the management of Achilles tendinopathy lacks evidence-based support, and tendinopathy patients are at risk of long-term morbidity with unpredictable clinical outcomes. Data suggests that 29% of tendinopathy patients required surgical intervention during the follow-up period. Chronic pain after damage to the Achilles tendon is a result of incomplete recovery of fibrous tissue. Recently, many procedures, including various injection treatments, have been tried without understanding proper preservation techniques and procedures for faster tendon recovery, especially for patients who want to quickly return to their daily lives. This article is an extensive literature review on nonoperative management of Achilles tendinopathy.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.122-127
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• 2008

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcome of proximal plantar fasciitis after nonoperative treatment, and also to find the correlation of the heel pain with the plantar fascia thickness measured by ultrasonography. Materials and Methods: The study is based on 41 patients, 46 feet of the proximal plantar fasciitis that were treated conservatively with at least 12 months follow-up. All were treated with heel pad, Achilles and plantar fascia stretching and pain medications for at least 3 months. Heel ultrasonography was performed at the beginning of the treatment to measure the plantar fascia (PF) thickness and the echogenicity. PF thickness over 4 mm and less were grouped in to group A and B respectively to compare the clinical outcome. Results: Average thickness of the PF at the calcaneal attach was 5.2 mm. Symptom duration before the treatment was average 13.2 month; group A being 14.6 months and group B being 9.0 months with no significant difference (p=0.09). As functional evaluation, Roles-Maudsley score improved from 3.4 initially to 2.3 at final follow-up, while morning heel pain also improved from average VAS pain score of 7.2 to 4.0. However Maudsley and VAS score both didn't show statistical difference between the 2 groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Plantar fasciitis improved substantially with the nonoperative treatments. However, the 2 groups, divided according to 4 mm thickness by ultrasonography, didn't show significant difference in either symptom duration or in the clinical outcomes.

• The Academic Congress of Korean Shoulder and Elbow Society
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.78-93
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• 2005

The posterior and multidirectional instability of the shoulder is a complex problem in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Increased joint volume by redundant capsular ligament has been regarded as a major pathogenesis of the posterior and multidirectional instability. Distinct from multidirectional hyperlaxity, multidirectional instability has symptoms related with increased translations in more than one direction. Recent report that shoulder symptom originates from labral lesion which was created by excessive rim-loading of the humeral head on the posteroinferior glenoid labrum during repetitive subluxation helps us to understand the pathogenesis of such instability. Painful jerk and Kim tests indicate labral lesion in the multidirectionally loose shoulder, suggesting multidirectional instability. Also, painful jerk test is a prognostic sign of failure of nonoperative treatment. The labral lesion can be an incomplete tear or a concealed lesion which often has been underestimated. Operative treatment is indicated when nonoperative treatment has failed. Arthroscopic capsulolabroplasty is a reliable procedure, which not only provides capsular balance, but also restores the labral height.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.118-127
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• 2004

The foot and ankle are one of the most common sites for acute musculoskeletal injuries related to sports activity. Foot and ankle injury includes ligament injury, tendon injury, bone and osteochondral injury, nerve injuy, heel pain syndrome, phalangeal injury. This is a article about nonoperative management of foot and ankle injury. Therefore, this article includes various exercise technique, range of motion, stretching for muscle relaxation, proprioception training for rehabilitation. We recommend that orthopedic surgeon should discuss with patient and specialist for treatment plan after foot and ankle injury