• Advances in nano research
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.453-463
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• 2022

This paper aims to investigate the vibration analysis of functionally graded porous (FGP) beams using State-space approach with several classical and non-classical boundary conditions. The materials properties of the porous FG beams are considered to have even and uneven distributions profiles along the thickness direction. The equation of motion for FGP beams with various boundary conditions is obtained through Hamilton's principle. State-space approach is used to obtain the governing equation of porous FG beam. The comparison of the results of this study with those in the literature validates the present analysis. The effects of span-to-depth ratio (L/h), of distribution shape of porosity and others parameters on the dynamic behavior of the beams are described. The results show that the boundary conditions, the geometry of the beams and the distribution shape of porosity affect the fundamental frequencies of the beams.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.99-108
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aims to provide a further research challenge in digital marketing distribution and co-creation from relevant literature. The concept of digital marketing and co-creation has been known to impact the business sector positively, but it has not been utilized much in the government sector. Therefore, further research is needed to identify the role of digital marketing distribution and co-creation in increasing non-tax state revenue services of government institutions in Indonesia. Research design, data, and methodology: This study is based on a systematic literature review. The stages are (1) research scope review, (2) article extraction from journals, (3) article quality assessment, (4) article analysis, and (5) comprehensive report. Fifty articles published from 2011 to 2021 were collected from the Google Scholar website. Result: This study provides a proposed model that depicts all of the potential connections between digital marketing, co-creation, and non-tax state revenue. In addition, we also identify that the customer experience influences non-tax state revenue. Conclusions: This study attributes the use of the digital marketing distribution and co-creation concept in the government sector and its benefits for state organizations, which have not been investigated in previous studies.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.961-968
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• 2016

The non-uniform distribution of contamination on insulator surface has appreciable effects on flashover voltage, and corresponding researches are valuable for the better selection of outdoor insulation. In this paper, two typical types of porcelain and glass insulators which are widely used in ac lines were taken as the research subjects, and their corrections of AC flashover voltage under non-uniform pollution were studied. Besides, their flashover characteristics under different ratio (T/B) of top to bottom surface salt deposit density (SDD) were investigated, including the analysis of flashover voltage, surface pollution layer conductivity and critical leakage current. Test results gave the modified formulas for predicting flashover voltage of the two samples, which can be directly applied in the transmission line design. Also, the analysis delivered that, the basic reason why the flashover voltage increases with the decrease of T/B, is due to the decrease of equivalent surface conductivity of the whole surface and the decrease of critical leakage current. This research will be of certain value in providing references for outdoor insulation selection, as well as in proposing more information for revealing pollution flashover mechanism.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.209-220
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• 1996

In this paper, dynamic performance of 4WD/4WS Electric-driven vehicles is investigated. A coupled dynamic model is introduced for longitudinal, lateral and yawing motion of 4WD/4WS vehicles. Based on the coupled model, dynamic performance is analyzed for steady-state steering, acceleration steering and brake steering, respectively. These non steady-state cornering analysis is important for non-paved road maneuvering, trajectory projection for armored vehicle and future AVCS(Advanced Vehicle Control System) technology. Simulation results are obtained based on a simulink module for the introduced model.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6839-6844
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• 2013

This study was conducted to analyze the prevalence of non-performance of mammography, and associated factors, among postmenopausal women. This analytical, exploratory, cross-sectional study, of a domicile population inquiry type, was performed in the municipality of Maringa, Parana, Brazil. A total of 456 women were interviewed, aged 45 to 69 years, who presented with natural menopause and cessation of menstruation for at least twelve months. Statistical associations were found between the non-performance of mammography and schooling of less than seven years, paid employment, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, the non-use of hormone replacement therapy, not having consulted a doctor in the previous year, not having consulted a gynecologist, lacking a family history of breast cancer, not having performed the Papanicolaou test, not having performed clinical breast examination, and not having difficult access to health services. After logistic regression analysis, not performing mammography was associated with reports of a fair or bad health status. The study data revealed factors "responsible" for the non-performance of mammography, and the results should contributing to improvement/enhancement of healthy behaviour of Brazilian women in the post-menopausal phase.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.473-478
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• 2011

In this study, the performance of a thermo siphon type radiator made of copper for LED lighting system was evaluated by using an inverse heat transfer method. Heating experiments and finite element heat transfer analysis were conducted for three different cases. The data obtained from experiments were compared with the analysis results. Based on the data obtained from experiments, the inverse heat transfer method was used in order to evaluate the heat transfer coefficient. First, the heat transfer analysis was conducted for non-vacuum state, without the refrigerant. The evaluated heat transfer coefficient on the radiator surface was 40W/$m^2^{\circ}C$. Second, the heat transfer analysis was conducted for non-vacuum state, with the refrigerant, resulting in the heat transfer coefficient of 95W/$m^2^{\circ}C$. Third, the heat transfer analysis was conducted for vacuum state, with refrigerant. For the third case, the evaluated heat transfer coefficients were 140W/$m^2^{\circ}C$. Third, the heat transfer analysis was conducted for vacuum state, with refrigerant. For the third case, the evaluated heat transfer coefficients were 140W/$m^2^{\circ}C$ for the radiator body, 5W/$m^2^{\circ}C$. Third, the heat transfer analysis was conducted for vacuum state, with refrigerant for the rising position of radiator pipe, 35W/$m^2^{\circ}C$. Third, the heat transfer analysis was conducted for vacuum state, with refrigerant. For the highest position of radiator pipe, and 120W/$m^2^{\circ}C$ for the downturn position of radiator pipe. As a result of inverse heat transfer analysis, it was confirmed that the thermal performance of the current radiator was best in the case of the vacuum state using the refrigerant.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.147-152
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• 2002

Copper (II) salts are used as metallizing agents in the synthesis of new non-genotoxic direct dyes for cotton. Specifically, cotton fabric is dyed with non-genotoxic disazo direct dyes and then treated with copper salts. The complexes are characterized by neutron activation analysis, absorption spectrometry and standard Salmonella mammalian mutagenicity assay, and the after-treated fabrics are evaluated for lightfastness and washfastness. Direct dyes possessing ortho-propoxy and ortho'-hydroxy substituted systems formed the corresponding nonmutagenic 1:2 dye:metal complex and undergo significant improvement in lightfastness following metallization.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2002

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the high school-girls' trait-state anger, personal relationship position in class and bullying behaviors, and to develope the nursing intervention to prevent the damages of young people's mind according to the bullying conditions. Method : The objects of this study chose from the girls high schools in 'D' city and 233 students answered the questions. The data were collected from June. 11 to 20. 2001. The major instruments used for this study were Trait Anger-State Anger Scale(Chon, 1995) to inquire the level of anger and Bullying Behaviors Scale(Kim, 2000) and personal relationship position in class. Statistical analysis for the research included descriptive statistics, t-test and correlational analysis, and for the analysis of data the SPSS program was used. Result : The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1) Total participant's trait anger had a positive correlation with state anger and bullying behaviors. Also, state anger was positively correlated to bullying behaviors. 2) The participants in the classes with perceived bullying phenomenon showed higher score of trait anger and bullying behaviors than those in the classes with non-perceived bullying phenomenon. 3) According to personal relationship position of the class, central group of the classes with perceived bullying phenomenon showed higher score of trait anger and bullying behaviors than those of the classes with non-perceived bullying phenomenon. 4) Also, central group of the classes with perceived bullying phenomenon showed higher score of bullying behaviors than peripheral group in the same classes. 5) The peripheral group of the classes with perceived bullying phenomenon showed higher score of bullying behaviors than those of the classes with non-perceived bullying phenomenon. 6) Central group's trait anger of the classes with perceived bullying phenomenon had a positive correlation to state anger and bullying behaviors. Also, central group's state anger was positively correlated to bullying behaviors. conclusion : In conclusion, the level of trait anger and state anger in high school girls affected to occur the bullying behaviors in students and especially, the trait anger in central group students was primary factor for the effect.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.1467-1479
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• 2020

Profiling the transcriptome changes involved in xylose metabolism by the fungus Trichoderma reesei allows for the identification of potential targets for ethanol production processing. In the present study, the transcriptome of T. reesei HJ-48 grown on xylose versus glucose was analyzed using next-generation sequencing technology. During xylose fermentation, numerous genes related to central metabolic pathways, including xylose reductase (XR) and xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH), were expressed at higher levels in T. reesei HJ-48. Notably, growth on xylose did not fully repress the genes encoding enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid and respiratory pathways. In addition, increased expression of several sugar transporters was observed during xylose fermentation. This study provides a valuable dataset for further investigation of xylose fermentation and provides a deeper insight into the various genes involved in this process.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.31-37
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• 2019

Silkworm larval mortality specifically during spinning stage leading to non-spinning with specific morphological symptoms was frequently complained by sericulturists in Karnataka, India during 2015. Survey was conducted and information collected through questionnaire from the identified farmers who faced the problem of non-spinning in both traditional and non-traditional areas of Karnataka. Survey results indicate that the problem is specific to the silkworm crop of those farmers' who shifted from other crops of agriculture/ horticulture/olericulture/ floriculture to Sericulture. Silkworm rearing performance of the batches fed with these leaves confirmed that the pesticide sprayed to the crops previous to mulberry, remain in the soil and when mulberry plantation is taken up in these gardens, the pesticide is absorbed by the roots of mulberry plants and transported to the leaves. Silkworms that feed on these mulberry leaves, grow and ripen normally but during spinning stage, larvae die with external symptoms like regurgitation, body shrinkage, rectal protrusion later become hook shaped leading to non-spinning or partial metamorphosis into pupa and death or spin flimsy cocoons. Larval mortality ranged from a minimum of twenty five percent to a maximum of hundred percent. The problem was noticed from the first harvest of leaves and lasted for a maximum period of 36 months. Cocoon crop loss depends on the concentration, duration and type of pesticides used previously for other crops.