• 제목/요약/키워드: Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)

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Prediction of response by FDG PET early during concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer

  • Kim, Suzy;Oh, So Won;Kim, Jin Soo;Kim, Ki Hwan;Kim, Yu Kyeong
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • 제32권4호
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    • pp.231-237
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: To evaluate the predictive value of the early response of $^{18}F$-flurodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: FDG PET was performed before and during CCRT for 13 NSCLC patients. Maximum standardized uptake value ($SUV_{max}$), mean standardized uptake value ($SUV_{mean}$), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were measured and the changes were calculated. These early metabolic changes were compared with the standard tumor response by computed tomograms (CT) one month after CCRT. Results: One month after the completion of CCRT, 9 patients had partial response (PR) of tumor and 4 patients had stable disease. The percent changes of $SUV_{max}$ ($%{\Delta}SUV_{max}$) were larger in responder group than in non-responder group ($55.7%{\pm}15.6%$ vs. $23.1%{\pm}19.0%$, p = 0.01). The percent changes of $SUV_{mean}$ ($%{\Delta}SUV_{mean}$) were also larger in responder group than in non-responder group ($54.4%{\pm}15.9%$ vs. $22.3%{\pm}23.0%$, p = 0.01). The percent changes of MTV ($%{\Delta}MTV$) or TLG ($%{\Delta}TLG$) had no correlation with the tumor response after treatment. All the 7 patients (100%) with $%{\Delta}SUV_{max}{\geq}50%$ had PR, but only 2 out of 6 patients (33%) with $%{\Delta}SUV_{max}$ < 50% had PR after CCRT (p = 0.009). Likewise, all the 6 patients (100%) with $%{\Delta}SUV_{mean}{\geq}50%$ had PR, but only 3 out of 7 patients (43%) with $%{\Delta}SUV_{mean}$ < 50% had PR after CCRT (p = 0.026). Conclusion: The degree of metabolic changes measured by PET-CT during CCRT was predictive for NSCLC tumor response after CCRT.

원발 혹은 재발성 비소세포 폐암 환자에서 사이버나이프률 이용한 체부 방사선 수술의 치료 결과 (Treatment Results of CyberKnife Radiosurgery for Patients with Primary or Recurrent Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer)

  • 김우철;김헌정;박정훈;허현도;최상현
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • 제29권1호
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    • pp.28-35
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    • 2011
  • 목 적: 초기 비소세포성 폐암 환자에서 수술적 절제 이외의 국소 치료로 최근 방사선 수술의 사용이 늘고 있다. 이에 저자들은 초기 혹은 재발한 비소세포성 폐암 환자를 대상으로 시행한 체부 방사선 수술의 치료 결과를 분석하여 그 유용성을 알아 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 비소세포성 폐 종양에 대하여 방사선 수술이 시행되었던 24명의 환자, 28 lesion에 대하여 후향적 분석을 시행하였다. 이 중 원발성 종양은 19명 재발한 환자는 5명이었고 재발한 환자 5명 중 3명이 이전 치료 부위에서 재발한 환자 이었다. 원발성 종양 19명 중에서 4명은 외부 방사선 치료 후 추가로 방사선 수술을 시행 받았다. 24명의 초기 병기는 IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IV가 각각 7, 3, 2, 2, 3, 1, 6명이었고, 방사선 수술 당시의 T 병기는 T1 lesion이 13곳, T2가 12곳, T3가 3곳이었다. 방사선 수술은 6 MV X-ray를 이용하였고 planning target volume 1 (PTV1)에 총 방사선량 15~60 Gy(median, 50 Gy)를 3회 혹은 5회에 걸쳐 처방하여 시행하였다. 중앙 추적관찰기간은 469일이었다. 결 과: 28곳의 GTV는 0.7~108.7 mL (median, 22.9 m L)이었고, PTV1 은 5.3~184.8 mL (median, 65.4 m L)이었다. 3개월 반응률은 complete response (CR) 14곳, partial response (PR) 11곳, stable disease (SD) 3곳이었고, 마지막 추적에서의 치료반응은 CR 13곳, PR 9곳, SD 2곳, progressive disease (PD) 4곳이었다. 원발종양으로 초기 병기 IA, IB 10명에서는 50일만에 1명이 폐렴으로 사망하였고 1명이 국소재발 하였으나 나머지 환자는 6개월에서 2년간 국소재발 없이 추적관찰 되고 있으며, IIA-IIB 환자는 4명으로 환자 수가 적어서 뚜렷한 결론을 내리기 어려웠고, 재발성 폐암 환자 5명을 포함하는 10명의 IIIA-IV 병기에서는 사망 3명, 국소재발 1명, loco-regional failure 1명, regional failure 2명으로 좋지 않은 치료 결과를 보였다. 이 중에서 방사선 수술을 시행한 장소에서 재발한 경우는 총 28 1esion 중 4곳으로 85.8%의 국소제어율을 보였다. 방사선치료 양은 biologically equivalent dose (BEd) 100 $Gy_{10}$ 이하인 8 lesion 중에서 3 lesion에서 국소 재발하여 100 $Gy_{10}$ 이상인 20 lesion 중에서는 1 lesion에서만 재발한 경우보다 나빴다. 또한 중앙부의 종양과 방사선수술 당시의 병기가 T2 이상인 경우가 재발이 많았다. 결 론: 비소세포성 폐암환자에서 사이버나이프를 이용한 체부 방사선 수술은 부작용이 적으면서 높은 국소제어율을 얻을 수 있는 치료이며, 주변부의 T1 병기의 폐암에 대해서 BED 100 $Gy_{10}$ 이상의 방사선 치료가 국소제어율을 높이는데 도움이 된다고생각된다.

비소세포폐암에 발생한 악성 흉수의 예후 인자 (Prognostic Factors of Malignant Pleural Effusion in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer)

  • 임창영;이건;이헌재
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제40권2호
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    • pp.109-113
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    • 2007
  • 배경: 비소세포폐암에 흔히 발생하는 악성 흉수는 환자의 예후에 나쁜 인자로 작용하여, 원격전이가 발생한 환자들과 비슷한 생존기간을 보인다. 비소세포폐암에 발생하는 악성 흉수의 진단과 치료에 대한 연구는 많이 이루어졌으나, 환자의 예후에 영향을 미치는 인자에 대한 연구는 많지 않다. 저자들은 악성 흉수가 발생한 비소세포폐암 환자들의 예후에 영향을 미치는 예후 인자들을 알아보고자 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2002년 1월부터 2003년 12월까지 악성 흉수를 동반한 비소세포폐암으로 치료를 받은 환자 33명을 대상으로 하였다. 환자의 예후에 영향을 미칠 가능성이 있는 환자의 특성(성별, 연령), 폐암 조직형 및 병기, 흉수 천자액 검사(pH, CEA, LDH, glucose, albumin), 흉수 발견 후 치료 방법을 인자로 설정하여 조사하였다. 각 인자의 생존기간을 Kaplan-Meier법으로 구한 후, log-rank test를 통한 단변량분석으로 인자 각 군의 생존기간 차이를 비교하였고, 환자의 예후에 영향을 미치는 독립적 예후 인자를 찾기 위해 다변량분석으로 Cox Regression을 실시하였다. 결과: 대상환자 33명의 폐암 조직형은 선암이 23명으로 가장 많았다. 폐암과 악성 흉수가 동시에 진단된 경우를 제외하면 폐암 진단 후 악성 흉수가 진단되기까지의 중앙값 기간은 7.3개월($25^{th}{\sim}75^{th}:\;3.9{\sim}11.8$)이었다. 환자의 중앙값 생존기간은 3.6개월(95% Confidence Interval: $1.14{\sim}5.99$)이었다. 단변량분석에선 폐암 조직형이 유의성은 떨어지나 생존기간에 차이를 보였다(선암 4.067 vs. 비선암 1.867 개월, p=0.067). 교란변수의 영향을 제거한 다변량분석에서 통계적 유의성은 없으나 비선암이 선암보다 사망위험도가 높아지는 경향을 보였다(R.R 2.754, 95% Cl $0.988{\sim}7.672$, p=0.053). 결론: 본 연구에서 저자들은 악성흉수가 발생한 비소세포폐암 환자들의 예후에 영향을 미치는 예후 인자를 확인할 수 없었다. 그러나 조직형에 따라 암사망 위험도에 차이를 보이는 경향이 관찰되어 향후 이에 대한 연구가 필요할 것이다.

Pemetrexed Continuation Maintenance versus Conventional Platinum-Based Doublet Chemotherapy in EGFR-Negative Lung Adenocarcinoma: Retrospective Analysis

  • Paik, Seung Sook;Hwang, In Kyoung;Park, Myung Jae;Lee, Seung Hyeun
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제81권2호
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    • pp.148-155
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    • 2018
  • Background: Although targeted therapy and immuno-oncology have shifted the treatment paradigm for lung cancer, platinum-based combination is still the standard of care for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Pemetrexed continuation maintenance therapy has been approved and increasingly used for patients with nonsquamous NSCLC. However, the efficacy of this strategy has not been proven in patients without driving mutations. The objective of this study was to compare the clinical benefit of pemetrexed continuation maintenance to conventional platinum-based doublet in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-negative lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: A total of 114 patients with EGFR-negative lung adenocarcinoma who were treated with platinum doublet were retrospectively enrolled. We compared the survival rates between patients received pemetrexed maintenance after four-cycled pemetrexed/cisplatin and those received at least four-cycled platinum doublet without maintenance chemotherapy as a first-line treatment. Results: Forty-one patients received pemetrexed maintenance and 73 received conventional platinum doublet. Median progression-free survival (PFS), which was defined as the time from the day of response evaluation after four cycles of chemotherapy to disease progression or death, was significantly higher in the pemetrexed maintenance group compared to conventional group (5.8 months vs. 2.2 months, p<0.001). Median overall survival showed an increasing trend in the pemetrexed maintenance group (22.3 months vs. 16.1 months, p=0.098). Multivariate analyses showed that pemetrexed maintenance chemotherapy was associated with better PFS (hazard ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.15-0.87). Conclusion: Compared to conventional platinum-based chemotherapy, premetrexed continuation maintenance treatment is associated with better clinical outcome for the patients with EGFR wild-type lung adenocarcinoma.

Total En Bloc Thoracic and Lumbar Spondylectomy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Favorable Prognostic Indicators : Is It Merely Indicated for Solitary Spinal Metastasis?

  • Park, Jong-Hwa;Hyun, Seung-Jae;Kim, Ki-Jeong;Jahng, Tae-Ahn
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • 제56권5호
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    • pp.431-435
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    • 2014
  • A fifty-year-old female non-smoker with no other specific medical history visited our institute. She complained of axial back pain with no other neurological deficit. Chest X-ray, chest computed tomography (CT) scan, CT-guided needle aspiration biopsy, whole-body positron emission tomography, spine CT and spine magnetic resonance image findings suggested NSCLC with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, multiple brain metastases, and two isolated metastases to the T3 and L3 vertebral bodies. She underwent chemotherapy with gefitinib ($Iressa^{TM}$) for NSCLC and gamma knife surgery for multiple brain metastases. We performed a two-staged, total en bloc spondylectomy of the T3 and L3 vertebral bodies based on several good prognostic characteristics, such as the lack of metastases to the appendicular bone, good preoperative performance status, and being an excellent responder (Asian, never-smoker and adenocarcinoma histology) to EGFR inhibitors. Improved axial back pain after the surgery enabled her to walk with the aid of a thoracolumbosacral orthosis brace on the third postoperative day. Her Karnofsky performance status score (KPS) was 90 at the time of discharge and has been maintained to date 3 years after surgery. In selected NSCLC patients with good prognostic characteristics, we suggest that locally curative treatment such as total en bloc spondylectomy or radiosurgery should be emphasized to achieve longer term survival for the selected cases.

흉벽침습이 있던 T3 비소세포암환자의 완전절제후의 결과 (Result of Complete Resection of T3 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Invading the Chest Wall)

  • 최창휴;임수빈;김재현;조재일;백희종;박종호
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제34권12호
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    • pp.924-929
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    • 2001
  • 배경 : 흉벽을 침습한 비소세포암의 외과적 절제후의 장기 생존율에는 현재까지 림프절 전이, 완전 절제, 흉벽침습 깊이 등이 관여한다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 완전절제후의 예후에 관련된 요소들에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 1988년부터 1998년까지 원발성 비소세포암으로 수술을 받은 680명중, 벽측늑막과 흉벽을 침범한 경우에 완전절제를 실시한 55예(8.0%)에 대해 후향적 방법을 통해 분석하였다. 결과 : 29예(47.3%)에서 총괄절제를 시행하고 26예(52.7%)에서 늑막외절제를 실시하였다. 늑막외절제를 시행한 모든 예에서 침습정도는 벽측늑막에 국한되어 있었고, 총괄절제군에서는 9예(31.0%)에서 벽측늑막에 나머지 20예(69.0%)에서는 흉벽에의 침습이 병리학적으로 판명되었다. 수술사망은 3명에서 발생해 5.4%였으며, 추적은 100%에서 가능하였다. 전체환자군의 5년 생존율은 26%였으며, T3N0M0군의 생존율이 29%로 T3N2M0군의 18% 보다 높기는 하나 통계학적인 유의성은 없었다.(p=0.35) 흉벽침습 깊이정도에 따른 생존율은 림프절 전이의 유무에 관련없이 유의한 차이가 없었다.(p=0.99) 결론 : 흉벽을 침습한 T3 비소세포암에 대해 완전절제를 실시해 만족할 만한 생존율을 보였다. 림프절 전이 여부는 완전절제후의 생존율에 관여하는 바가 크나, 침습 깊이는 관여하는 정도가 덜하다.

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The Influence of Biomarker Mutations and Systemic Treatment on Cerebral Metastases from NSCLC Treated with Radiosurgery

  • Lee, Min Ho;Kong, Doo-Sik;Seol, Ho Jun;Nam, Do-Hyun;Lee, Jung-Il
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • 제60권1호
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    • pp.21-29
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    • 2017
  • Objective : The purpose of this study was to analyze outcomes and identify prognostic factors in patients with cerebral metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) particularly, focusing on associations of biomarkers and systemic treatments. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 134 patients who underwent GKS for brain metastases due to NSCLC between January 2002 and December 2012. Representative biomarkers including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, K-ras mutation, and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutation status were investigated. Results : The median overall survival after GKS was 22.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.8-35.1 months). During follow-up, 63 patients underwent salvage treatment after GKS. The median salvage treatment-free survival was 7.9 months (95% CI, 5.2-10.6 months). Multivariate analysis revealed that lower recursive partition analysis (RPA) class, small number of brain lesions, EGFR mutation (+), and ALK mutation (+) were independent positive prognostic factors associated with longer overall survival. Patients who received target agents 30 days after GKS experienced significant improvements in overall survival and salvage treatment-free survival than patients who never received target agents and patients who received target agents before GKS or within 30 days (median overall survival: 5.0 months vs. 18.2 months, and 48.0 months with p-value=0.026; median salvage treatment-free survival: 4.3 months vs. 6.1 months and 16.6 months with p-value=0.006, respectively). To assess the influence of target agents on the pattern of progression, cases that showed local recurrence and new lesion formation were analyzed according to target agents, but no significant effects were identified. Conclusion : The prognosis of patients with brain metastases of NSCLC after GKS significantly differed according to specific biomarkers (EGFR and ALK mutations). Our results show that target agents combined with GKS was related to significantly longer overall survival, and salvage treatment-free survival. However, target agents were not specifically associated with improved local control of the lesion treated by GKS either development of new lesions. Therefore, it seems that currently popular target agents do not affect brain lesions themselves, and can prolong survival by controlling systemic disease status.

Prognostic Impact of Elevation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Family Expression in Patients with Non-small Cell lung Cancer: an Updated Meta-analysis

  • Zheng, Chun-Long;Qiu, Chen;Shen, Mei-Xiao;Qu, Xiao;Zhang, Tie-Hong;Zhang, Ji-Hong;Du, Jia-Jun
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제16권5호
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    • pp.1881-1895
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    • 2015
  • Background: The vascular endothelial growth factor family has been implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis. The prognostic value of each vascular endothelial growth factor family member, particular VEGF/VEGFR co-expression, in patients with non-small lung cancer remains controversial. Materials and Methods: Relevant literature was identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. Studies evaluating expression of VEGFs and/or VEGFRs by immunohistochemistry or ELISA in lung cancer tissue were eligible for inclusion. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from individual study were pooled by using a fixed- or random-effect model, heterogeneity and publication bias analyses were also performed. Results: 74 studies covering 7,631 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Regarding pro-angiogenesis factors, the expression of VEGFA (HR=1.633, 95%CI: 1.490-1.791) and VEGFR1 (HR=1.924, 95%CI: 1.220-3.034) was associated separately with poor survival. Especially, VEGFA over-expression was an independent prognostic factor in adenocarcinoma (ADC) (HR=1.775, 95%CI: 1.384-2.275) and SCC (HR=2.919, 95%CI: 2.060-4.137). Co-expression of VEGFA/VEGFR2 (HR=2.011, 95%CI: 1.405-2.876) was also significantly associated with worse survival. For lymphangiogenesis factors, the expression of VEGFC (HR=1.611, 95%CI: 1.407-1.844) predicted a poor prognosis. Co-expression of VEGFC/VEGFR3 (HR=2.436, 95%CI: 1.468-4.043) emerged as a preferable prognostic marker. Conclusions: The expression of VEGFA (particularly in SCC and early stage NSCLC), VEGFC, VEGFR1 indicates separately an unfavorable prognosis in patients with NSCLC. Co-expression VEGFA/VEGFR2 is comparable with VEGFC/VEGFR3, both featuring sufficient discrimination value as preferable as prognostic biologic markers.

Predictors of Recurrence after Curative Resection in Patients with Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

  • Lee, Sang Hee;Jo, Eun Jung;Eom, Jung Seop;Mok, Jeong Ha;Kim, Mi Hyun;Lee, Kwangha;Kim, Ki Uk;Park, Hye-Kyung;Lee, Chang Hun;Kim, Yeong Dae;Lee, Min Ki
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제78권4호
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    • pp.341-348
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    • 2015
  • Background: There have been various results from studies concerning the predictors of recurrence in early-stage nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, an accurate assessment is needed to guide effective adjuvant therapy. We investigated the predictors of a recurrence in patients with resected, early-stage NSCLC and the risk factors associated with locoregional or distant recurrence. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on patients at the Pusan National University Hospital from January 2006 to December 2011. Patients with pathological stages I or II were included in this study, as based on the seventh edition TNM staging system. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify factors associated with recurrence. Results: Two hundred and forty-nine patients were included. Among them, 180 patients were stage I, and 69 were stage II. Overall, by multivariate analysis, the independent factors associated with a 5-year total recurrence were the presence of visceral pleural invasion (VPI) (p=0.018) and maximal standardized uptake values (SUVs) of tumors on positron emission tomography (PET) >4.5 (p=0.037). The VPI was the only independent risk factor associated with both locoregional and distant recurrence, in the analysis of the patterns of tumor recurrence and their risk factors. In the subgroup analysis of stage I patients, three variables (male, VPI and resection margin positive) were significantly associated with a 5-year recurrence. Conclusion: The independent factors associated with postoperative recurrence in early-stage NSCLC were as follows: PET SUV >4.5 and the presence of VPI. For patients with those factors adjuvant therapy should be recommended as a more efficacious treatment.

병리학적 병기 Ia기 비소세포폐암 환자에서 완전절제술 후 사망의 원인에 따른 위험인자 분석 (Cause-specific Analysis of Risk Factors in Completely Resected Pathologic Stage Ia Non-small Cell Lung Cancer)

  • 박성용;박인규;변천성;이창영;배미경;김대준;정경영
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제42권6호
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    • pp.725-731
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    • 2009
  • 배경: Ia 병기의 비소세포성폐암에서 폐엽 절제술과 종격동 림프절 청소술은 표준 치료로 받아들여지고 있으나 약 15~40%의 환자의 재발 또는 사망 등의 치료 실패를 경험하게 된다. 저자들은 Ia 비소포성폐암에서의 치료 실패 유형을 분석하고 각각에 따른 위험 인자를 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1992년 1월부터 2005년 8월까지 비소세포성폐암으로 완전(R0)절제술을 시행받은 156명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적인 연구를 시행하였다. 치료 실패의 원인을 폐암연관 사망 및 폐암무관 사망으로 분류하고 각각의 위험인자를 분석하였다. 결과: 전체 156명의 환자중 남자가 93명, 여자는 63명이었으며, 평균 연령은 61.31세였다. 중앙 추적관찰 기간은 33.8개월이었다. 5년 생존율은 87.6%였고 10년 생존율은 78.3%였다. 미세 림프관-혈관 침윤이 있었던 환자는 10명이었다. 추적기간 중 19예의 폐암재발이 진단되었으며, 12예의 폐암연관 사망이 발생하였다. 폐암무관 사망은 16예에서 발생하였다. 폐암 재발과 폐암연관 사망의 위험인자는 미세 림프관-혈관 침윤(HR=6.81, p=0.007, HR=7.81, p<0.001)이었으며, 폐암무관 위험인자는 전폐절제술(HR=25.92, p=0.001)과 수술 후 심혈관계 또는 호흡기계통의 합병증 발생여부(HR=29.67, p=0.002)인 것으로 나타났다. 결론: Ia 비소세포성폐암의 완전절제술 후 사망 원인은 재발과 이로 인한 폐암연관 사망뿐만 아니라 폐암무관 사망 또한 많은 비율을 차지한다. 재발 및 폐암연관 사망의 위험인자인 미세 림프관-혈관 침윤이 있는 환자들 대상으로 수술 후 보조 항암요법을 선택적으로 시행하는 것이 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 전폐절제술을 받은 환자나 심혈관계 또는 호흡기계 합병증이 발생했던 환자들에 있어서는 병발증으로 인한 사망을 줄이기 위해 세심한 관리가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.