• 산업진흥연구
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2023

화학설비의 노후화·고도화·복합화 등으로 인해 설비의 점검, 보수 또는 정비 작업 등의 비일상 작업이 증가하고 있으며, PSM 대상 화학제품제조업 사업장에서의 지난 10년간 발생한 1,483건의 사고 중 비일상 작업 중에 발생한 사고가 전체의 56%(932건)를 차지하여 일상 작업보다는 비일상 작업 중에 더 많은 사고가 발생하는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 특히 공장 운전의 경제성 및 효율성을 위하여 공장 전체를 정지시키지 않고 일부 설비를 정지시킨 후 운전 중인 설비와는 격리한 상태로 점검, 보수 또는 정비 작업을 수행하는 경우가 있다. 따라서 첫째, 화학공장의 취급물질, 운전조건, 설비의 위험도 등을 기준으로 격리 표준(Baseline Isolation Standard)을 수립하여 안전한 격리 방안을 선정하여야 한다. 둘째, 현재 국내 법규 및 기준 상에는 구체적인 격리 표준의 필요성을 제시하지 않고 있으므로 격리 표준의 마련을 제도화하는 것이 필요하다. 이러한 기술적·제도적 개선을 통하여 화학공장 설비에서의 화학물질의 누출에 의한 화재·폭발·중독 사고를 예 방하여야 한다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2024

복잡한 화학공정을 관리하기 위한 목적으로 도입된 공정안전관리(PSM: process safety management)제도는 그간 화학사고 예방에 기여해 왔으나, 최근에는 그 한계를 드러내고 있다. 최근 중대산업사고가 증가하고 있으며 특히 2020년 이후 비정상 작업에서 중대산업사고가 급증하였다. 효과적인 PSM 운영 방안이 필요한 시점이다. 본 연구에서는 비선형적이고 복잡한 상호작용을 모형화하여 인적오류 및 사고 발생 과정을 이해하고 예측하는데 유용한 기법인 기능공명분석기법(FRAM: Functional Resonance Analysis Method)을 활용하여 비정상 작업에서 발생한 사고 사례를 분석하고 나아가 일반적인 PSM 비정상 작업 수행 과정에 대한 분석을 수행함으로써, PSM 운영 과정에서 FRAM이 효과적으로 활용될 수 있음을 검토하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2007

Changing of paradigm at 21Century is changing a part of routine lives and it affects speculation system of recognizing the world. In this society, human is demanded changing of a part and new learning continuously. Like this, a role of individual and a part of various lives by changing of social environment have a close connection each other. In this society, they would need new circumstance of space by method of work. However, what show not necessity improving of work space but changing is the realities of our society. This thesis examine non-territorialization characteristics by focusing on the openness, composition, and flexibility. The working space on 21c head for a non-territorialization and be summarize. decenterial arrangement, increasing of public space and unification of personal work-station. The purpose of this study is to examine the non-territorialization by analysis of 21c working space.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.464-470
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• 2023

Objectives: This study evaluated occupational exposures to noise and heat stress during routine non-outage works in three coal-fired power plants in the Republic of Korea. Methods: The data were collected during the summer of 2020. Full shift noise exposure of 52 workers were measured using noise dosimeters. Heat stress of 16 worksites were measured for 70 minutes using wet-bulb globe temperature monitors. Results: The noise dosimetry results revealed time-weighted averages that ranged from 47.5 to 88.9 dBA. 2 out of 52 noise measurements exceeded 85 dBA. Based on the arithmetic mean, the coal service group showed the highest level at 80.2 dBA by job tasks. Noise exposures exceeding 85 dBA were measured in the coal service and plant operator group. Heat stress index measurements ranged from 20.3℃ to 37.2℃. 1 out of 9 indices measured in coal facilities and 4 out of 7 indices measured in boiler house exceeded 1 hour TWA during moderate work. Heat stress indices measured from boiler houses were significantly higher than those measured from coal equipment. Conclusions: The results show that overexposure to noise and heat stress may be encountered during routine non-outage work activities in coal-fired power plants. Appropriate actions should be taken to reduce future health outcome from occupational exposure to noise and heat stress in the industry.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.375-394
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• 2015

This paper presents the results of four long-term experiments carried out to investigate the time-dependent behaviour of composite floor slabs with particular attention devoted to the development of non-uniform shrinkage through the slab thickness. This is produced by the presence of the steel deck which prevents moisture egress to occur from the underside of the slab. To observe the influence of different drying conditions on the development of shrinkage, the four 3.3 m long specimens consisted of two composite slabs cast on Stramit Condeck $HP^{(R)}$ steel deck and two reinforced concrete slabs, with the latter ones having both faces exposed for drying. During the long-term tests, the samples were maintained in a simply-supported configuration subjected to their own self-weight, creep and shrinkage for four months. Separate concrete samples were prepared and used to measure the development of shrinkage through the slab thickness over time for different drying conditions. A theoretical model was used to predict the time-dependent behaviour of the composite and reinforced concrete slabs. This approach was able to account for the occurrence of non-uniform shrinkage and comparisons between numerical results and experimental measurements showed good agreement. This work highlights the importance of considering the shrinkage gradient in predicting shrinkage deformations of composite slabs. Further comparisons with experimental results are required to properly validate the adequacy of the proposed approach for its use in routine design.

• 경영정보학연구
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.165-182
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• 2021

코로나19는 소비자의 소비패턴을 비대면 방식으로 전환시켰다. 소비패턴이 디지털화되면서 소비자는 자신이 스스로 해야 하는 일들이 수반되는 이른바 그림자노동을 수행하는 것이 일상이 되었다. 온라인 식료품 서비스 이용 과정에서 소비자가 그림자노동을 인식한다면, 이는 온라인 쇼핑 회피는 물론 다른 채널로의 전환에도 영향을 줄 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 소비자의 그림자노동인식이 모바일 쇼핑회피와 채널전환의도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 검증하고자 한다. 본 연구는 식료품 구독 서비스 경험이 있는 소비자 283명을 대상으로 온라인 설문조사를 통해 연구자료를 수집하고 PLS 분석을 통해 그림자노동인식에 대한 효과를 검증하였다. 분석결과, 사용자의 그림자노동인식은 모바일 쇼핑회피는 물론 채널전환의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 모바일 쇼핑회피 또한 채널 전환의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 그림자노동 관련 연구와 모바일 쇼핑 서비스관련 연구분야에 학문적 기여가 가능하며, 플랫폼 및 큐레이션 기업에 실무적 시사점을 제안할 수 있다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.80-84
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• 1999

Primary hryperparathyroidism is a relatively rare disease entity in Korea. It's characterized by severe skeletal and renal changes due to hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone, and rarely shows peptic ulceration, hypertension, pancreatitis and impaired mentality. Recently the determination of the serum calcium level has become a routine laboratory test and the awareness of primary hyperparathyroidism has been incerased, the disease is being diagnosed with increasing frequency. Primary hyperparathyroidism is most commonly caused by parathyroid adenoma and rarely hyperplasia, cancer of parathyroid glands. The authors operated sucessfully a case of primary parathyroid adenoma by diagnosed by nuclear medical diagnostic work-up. The patient had anterior neck mass(soft, non tender nodule) on physical examination, multiple goiter on thyroid ultrasonogram and scan. The parathyroid lesion was difficult to find preoperatively.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2007

A 3-year-old boy with purulent otitis media received a chest radiograph as the part of a routine work up. The patient was normal appearing, in no acute distress. The patient's lung and heart sounds were clear and normal. The patient's abdomen was soft, non-distended, and non-tender. An anterior cardiophrenic mass was incidentally identified on the lateral chest radiograph. A computed tomography scan demonstrated a diaphragmatic hernia with bowel loops in the retrosternal space. An exploratory operation revealed a diaphragmatic defect (4 cm in diameter) on the left side of the falciform ligament, through which transverse colon was protruded. There was no hernia sac, and the defect was closed with interrupted No. 2 silk sutures. The child was discharged on the 8th postoperative day without any complications. During 6 months of follow-up period, recurrence was not noticed.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.416-420
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• 2018

Background: Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) has been widely used as a biomarker of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in occupationally exposed workers. The objective of this study is to investigate the concentration of urinary 1-OHP among charcoal workers as subjects and non-charcoal workers as controls. Methods: Early morning urine samples were collected from 68 persons (25 charcoal workers in Igbo-Ora, 20 charcoal workers in Alabata, and 23 non-charcoal workers) who volunteered to participate in this study. 1-OHP determination in urine samples was carried out using high performance liquid chromatography after hydrolysis. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis at p < 0.05. Results: The mean urinary 1-OHP concentration (${\mu}mol/mol$ creatinine) among charcoal workers at Igbo-Ora and Alabata and non-charcoal workers were $2.22{\pm}1.27$, $1.32{\pm}0.65$, and $0.32{\pm}0.26$ (p < 0.01). There existed a relationship between respondent type and 1-OHP concentration. Charcoal workers were 3.14 times more at risk of having 1-OHP concentrations that exceed the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists guideline of $0.49{\mu}mol/mol$ creatinine than non-charcoal workers (relative risk = 3.14, 95% confidence interval: 1.7-5.8, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Charcoal workers are exposed to PAHs during charcoal production and are at risk of experiencing deleterious effects of PAH exposure. Routine air quality assessment should be carried out in communities where charcoal production takes place. Assessment of urinary 1-OHP concentration and use of personal protective equipment should also be encouraged among charcoal workers.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제61권6호
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• pp.731-736
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• 2018

Objective : Ultrasonography (US) is the most non-invasive, safe, and, especially in the period of infancy, best method for visualizing and examining the spinal cord. Furthermore, US is the primary work-up for development of the spinal canal, and for follow-up on issues relating to subcutaneous tissues, bone development, and the spinal cord. Conus medullaris terminates at the second lumbar vertebra, according to a consensus in the literature. Methods : Healthy children under the age of 6 months who were admitted to the radiology clinic for routine USG follow-ups between the dates of March 2012 to December 2014 were included in this study. Results : Our study includes data from 1125 lumbosacral ultrasounds. The terminal point of the conus level of the attended infants, superior, middle part, inferior of the vertebrae L1, L2, and L3. Furthermore, the termination of the discal distance ratio did not differ significantly between genders. Conclusion : Therefore, according to our results, gender is not an influencing factor in the termination of the spinal cord. Based on the study we performed, as well as the previous literature, in infants without a recognized spinal pathology, the spinal cord is detected below the vertebra L3.