• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.340-350
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• 2006

This paper is concerned with a practical guide for the ultimate longitudinal strength assessments of ships' hull structure. Rigorous non-linear structural analysis for three tanker models has been carried out to examine the ultimate strength behavior. Formula of estimating the ultimate longitudinal strength has been proposed which is modified with the results of non-linear finite element analysis of hull girders. Computational reliability and accuracy of the large-scale non-linear finite element analysis and the proposed simplified formula are verified through comparing their results with that of 1/3 scale frigate model test and DNVs program. Additionally, the ultimate longitudinal strength for ten tanker models is compared with those by the method specified in the 2nd Draft of common structural rule for tankers, which is being developed by IACS.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.2492-2502
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• 2002

A rubber-like material model is generally characterized by hyperelasticity and formulated by a total stress-total strain relationship because the material shows nonlinear elastic behaviour under large deformation. In this study, a pressure potential obtained by a separately interpolated pressure is introduced to the non-linear finite element formulation incorporating with incompressible or almost incompressible condition of the material. The present formulation is somewhat different from the general formulation using the pressure computed in the displacement field. A non-linear finite element analysis program is developed for the plane strain and the axisymmetric contact problems of a rubber-like material. Various examples with rubber material are analyzed for its verification. The results about deformed shapes and stress distributions thought to be meaningful in comparison with a commercial program, MARC.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.677-697
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• 2010

This paper focuses on geometrically non-linear static analysis of a simply supported beam made of hyperelastic material subjected to a non-follower transversal uniformly distributed load. As it is known, the line of action of follower forces is affected by the deformation of the elastic system on which they act and therefore such forces are non-conservative. The material of the beam is assumed as isotropic and hyperelastic. Two types of simply supported beams are considered which have the following boundary conditions: 1) There is a pin at left end and a roller at right end of the beam (pinned-rolled beam). 2) Both ends of the beam are supported by pins (pinned-pinned beam). In this study, finite element model of the beam is constructed by using total Lagrangian finite element model of two dimensional continuum for a twelve-node quadratic element. The considered highly non-linear problem is solved by using incremental displacement-based finite element method in conjunction with Newton-Raphson iteration method. In order to use the solution procedures of Newton-Raphson type, there is need to linearized equilibrium equations, which can be achieved through the linearization of the principle of virtual work in its continuum form. In the study, the effect of the large deflections and rotations on the displacements and the normal stress and the shear stress distributions through the thickness of the beam is investigated in detail. It is known that in the failure analysis, the most important quantities are the principal normal stresses and the maximum shear stress. Therefore these stresses are investigated in detail. The convergence studies are performed for various numbers of finite elements. The effects of the geometric non-linearity and pinned-pinned and pinned-rolled support conditions on the displacements and on the stresses are investigated. By using a twelve-node quadratic element, the free boundary conditions are satisfied and very good stress diagrams are obtained. Also, some of the results of the total Lagrangian finite element model of two dimensional continuum for a twelve-node quadratic element are compared with the results of SAP2000 packet program. Numerical results show that geometrical nonlinearity plays very important role in the static responses of the beam.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.221-238
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• 2014

A four-noded curved shell finite element for the geometrically non-linear analysis of beams curved in plan is introduced. The structure is conceived as a sequence of macro-elements (ME) having the form of transversal segments of identical topology where each slice is formed using a number of the curved shell elements which have 7 degrees of freedom (DOF) per node. A curved box-girder beam example is modelled using various meshes and linear analysis results are compared to the solutions of a well-known computer program SAP2000. Linear and non-linear analyses of the beam under increasing uniformly distributed loads are also carried out. In addition to box-girder beams, the proposed element can also be used in modelling open-section beams with curved or straight axes and circular plates under radial compression. Buckling loads of a circular plate example are obtained for coarse and successively refined meshes and results are compared with each other. The advantage of this element is that curved systems can be realistically modelled and satisfactory results can be obtained even by using coarse meshes.

• 전산구조공학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.139-148
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• 1997

A finite element method is programmed to analyse the nonlinear behavior of axisymmetric structures. The lst order Mindlin shell theory which takes into account the transversal shear deformation is used to formulate a conical two node element with six degrees of freedom. To evade the shear locking phenomenon which arises in Mindlin type element when the effect of shear deformation tends to zero, the reduced integration of one point Gauss Quadrature at the center of element is employed. This method is the Updated Lagrangian formulation which refers the variables to the state of the most recent iteration. The solution is searched by Newton-Raphson iteration method. The tangent matrix of this method is obtained by a finite difference method by perturbating the degrees of freedom with small values. For the moment this program is limited to the analyses of non-linear elastic problems. For structures which could have elastic stability problem, the calculation is controled by displacement.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 1986

본 연구에서는 선단요소 해법의 방법을 토대로 소형컴퓨터를 위한 비선형 유한요소의 개발을 시도한 것이다. 주로 참조한 선단요소 해법의 프로그램은 Hinton과 Owen이 작성한 프로그램이며 원판메모리를 최대로 활용하여, 활동변수를 최소화 시키므로써, 실제 소형컴퓨터인 HP-3000II(512KB) 컴퓨터에서 총 자유도가 1000정도 되는 유한요소까지는, 해석이 가능하도록 만들어지게 되었다. 이와같이 완성된 프로그램의 응용성과 신뢰성을 검토해 보기 위해서 표준 CT 시편의 유한요소 를 작성하여(124 element, 428 node, 941 freedom) 크랙선단에 형성되는 소성역의 형상과 소성변형 크기를 수치적으로 추적하여 본 결과, 실험결과와 매우 잘 일치함을 볼 수 있어서 프로그램의 신뢰성을 확인 할 수 있었다. 이때 실험은 SUS-304스테인 레스강단의 소성역을 형성시킨다음, 재결정 방법에 의해 소성역의 형상과 크기를 가시 화 및 정량화 하여서 계산결과와 비교 하였다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 압전재의 재료 비선형성을 고려한 경량 압전 복합재 작동기(LIPCA)의 성능 해석을 수행하였다. 성능 해석을 위해 9절점 쉘 요소 정식화에 바탕을 둔 압전 쉘 요소를 이용하였다. LIPCA의 작동 변위를 보다 정확히 예측하기 위하여, 실험을 통해 얻은 압전 변형률 함수와 증분 정식화를 추가하여 기존 선형 유한요소 프로그램을 수정하였다. 이렇게 개발된 재료 비선형 압전 옐 프로그램을 이용하여 LIPCA의 작동변위를 재 계산하였고, 재료 비선형 해석으로 얻은 작동 변위가 선형 해석으로 계산된 작동 변위 보다 측정 변위에 훨씬 근접함을 확인하였다.

• 전산구조공학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.61-67
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• 1994

본 수치해석의 목적은 앵글 강부재의 극저사이클과 파괴실험으로부터 얻어진 거동의 재현 및 특히, 부재중에서 사장 심한 응력을 받는 부분에 대한 국소 응력-변형률의 이력과 누적상황을 추적하는 것이다. 이를 위해, 범용 구조해석 프로그램인 MSC/NASTRAN을 이용하여, 재료 및 기하학적 비선형을 고려한 대변형 3차원 유한요소 해석을 행하였다. 해석은 2단계 즉, 해석 I과 II로 나누어 실시하였으며, 본 해석의 전반적인 거동은 실험결과와 매우 잘 일치하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.552-561
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to propose a pavement analysis system which considers dynamic effects resulted from the various vehicle speeds. Vehicle loading effects were estimated by loading frequency and dynamic loads under various vehicle speeds. In addition, a proposed analysis model takes the non-linear temperature using a predictive model for dynamic modulus in asphalt layer and the non-linear stress in the unbound material. To examine adequacy of existing multi-layer elastic analysis of non-linear temperature in asphalt layer and non-linear stress conditions in unbound material, this study divided layers of asphalt pavement structures with 10 layers in asphalt, 2 layers in subbase and 1 layer in subgrade. In order to verify the pavement analysis system that considers various speeds, deflections of pavement calculated using ABAQUS, a three dimensional finite element program, were compared with the results of field tests under various speeds.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.165-185
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• 2013

In the present study, the numerical and experimental investigations were performed on the backfill- exterior wall-fluid interaction systems in case of empty and full tanks. For this, firstly, the non-linear three dimensional (3D) finite element models were developed considering both backfill-wall and fluid-wall interactions, and modal analyses for these systems were carried out in order to acquire modal frequencies and mode shapes by means of ANSYS finite element structural analysis program. Secondly, a series of field tests were fulfilled to define their modal characteristics and to compare the results from proposed approximation in the selected structures. Finally, comparing the theoretical predictions from the finite element models to results from experimental measurements, a close agreement was found between theory and experiment. Thus, it can be easily stated that experimental verifications provide strong support for the finite element models and the proposed procedures themselves are the meritorious approximations to the real problem, and this makes the models appealing for use in further investigations.