• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.681-683
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• 2007

Kabuki(Niikawa-Kuroki) syndrome was first reported by Niikawa et al(1981). The faces of the patients are similar to the make-up of traditional Japanese Kabuki actors: long palpebral fissures, an ectropium of the lateral third of the eyelids, and arching eyebrows with sparse lateral halves. Craniofacial findings include a depressed nasal tip, short nasal septum, large and prominent ears, and micrognathia. Other main features area mild to moderate mental deficiency, short stature, skeletal and dermatoglyphic abnormalities, including prominent finger tip pads. Oral anomalies are common in KS(over 60%) and include abnormal dentition, widely spaced teeth, cleft palate or lip, high vault of palate, hypodontia, conical incisors, screw driver-shaped incisors and ectopic upper 6-year molars. The increased occurrence of cleft lip and palate or the development of a high vault of palate has been described by a number of authors. This condition is believed to be common in Japan, but has been reported from other parts of the world. The objective of this presentation is to report a case of this syndrome in six-year-old girl, with characteristic findings.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1207-1213
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• 2020

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus). AFB1 is reported to have high thermal stability and is not decomposed by heat treatment during food processing. Therefore, in this study, knowing that AFB1 is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP), our aim was to develop a method to detoxify A. flavus-contaminated maize, under normal temperature and pressure, using Escherichia coli expressing human CYP3A4. First, the metabolic activity of AFB1 by recombinant human CYP3A4 was evaluated. As a result, we confirmed that recombinant human CYP3A4 metabolizes 98% of AFB1. Next, we found that aflatoxin Q1, a metabolite of AFB1 was no longer mutagenic. Furthermore, we revealed that about 50% of the AFB1 metabolic activity can be maintained for 3 months when E. coli expressing human CYP3A4 is freeze-dried in the presence of trehalose. Finally, we found that 80% of AFB1 in A. flavus-contaminated maize was metabolized by E. coli expressing human CYP3A4 in the presence of surfactant triton X-405 at a final concentration of 10% (v/v). From these results, we conclude that AFB1 in A. flavus-contaminated maize can be detoxified under normal temperature and pressure by using E. coli expressing human CYP3A4.