• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

This study was designed to localize the distribution of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) in the developing rat condylar region and to elucidate the associated function of bFGF in the condyle development. The condyles of temporomandibular joint of Sprague-Dawley rats (27g of weight) were used. The tissues were examined with electron microscope and immunohistochemical method. The results were as follows: 1. The developing condylar region are divided in to 5 zones apparently: proliferative, maturation, hypertrophic, calcifying, and ossification zones. 2. The cells in the proliferative zone are condensed and have under-developed cell organells in the cytoplasm. This zone shows a strong immunoreactivity of bFGF. 3. The cells in the maturation zone are typical chondroblasts showing well-developed cell organells and round nucleus. The cartilaginous matrix does not show the immunoreactivity of bFGF, while the chondroblasts show the immunoreactivity. 4. The cells in the hypertrophic zone show hypertrophic change having the degenerated cell organelles and small nucleus. There are no immunoreactivity of bFGF in this zone except the nucleus and endoplasmic region showing mild immunoreactivity. 5, The cells in the calcifying zone show hypertrophic change and cell organelles are disappeared. The cells are surrounded by the calcified cartilaginous matrix. There are no immunoreactivity of bFGF in this zone except the endoplasmic region showing mild immunoreactivity. 6. In the zone of bone formation, chondroblasts are disappeared. Newly differentiated osteoblasts secreting osteoid around the calcified cartilaginous matrix. The bone marrow shows the immunoreactivity of bFGF, while the bone matrix does not show the immunoreactivity of bFGF.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2004

Gene delivery is one of the keen interests in animal industry as well as research on gene functions. Some of the in vivo gene delivery techniques have been successively used in various tissues for the gene therapy and transgenesis. Despite intensive efforts, it still remains to overcome problems of limited local and regional administration and low transgene expression. To improve the efficiency of gene delivery, a new procedure was tested. We injected exogenous DNA containing LacZ into the female or male gonads and then pulsed electric field. Electroporated gonads showed positive X-gal staining in many seminiferous tubules of the porcine fetal gonads. Exogenously introduced LacZ genes were also expressed in female porcine gonad. In addition, we demonstrated efficient gene delivery in gonad of adult mouse. Furthermore, we succeed to generate genetically modified germline cells showing GFP and positive X-gal signals. The results suggest that the newly developed gene delivery is an effective way of in vivo transfection in mammals. The developed gene delivery procedure should be useful in producing transgenic animals when combined with primary cell culture and nuclear transplantation.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권7호
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• pp.946-953
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• 2018

Photo-plethysmography (PPG), which measures changes in the peripheral blood flow of a human body using difference in absorption rate of light, is a measurement method that is studied and used in clinical and various applications due to its simple circuit configuration and measurement convenience. Magneto-plethysmography (MPG), which is newly developed by our team, is a method of measuring changes in the conductivity of biological tissues by using a eddy current induced by a time-varying magnetic field, and is not subject to optical interference. In this study, we investigated the detection characteristics of MPG according to the change of the conductivity of the object and fluid to be measured by simultaneously measuring PPG and MPG. In order to control the speed of fluid known in advance, a blood flow simulator was implemented and used. The fluid used in the experiment was general mineral water and physiological saline (0.9% NaCl) solution. Experimental results show that the amplitude change of the measured PPG was 0.3% in normal water and saline solution, and that of MPG was 77.3%. Therefore, it is considered that the magneto-plethysmography (MPG) has a strong correlation with the conductivity of the fluid.

• BMB Reports
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.370-377
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• 1997

A novel assay method is described for rapid quantitation of reaction rate of sterol ${\Delta}^7$-reductase (${\Delta}^7$-SR) which catalyzes reduction of the ${\Delta}^7$-double bond of sterols. Of six different organ tissues-liver, small intestine, brain, lung, kidney, and testis-. ${\Delta}^7$-SR activity was detected only in liver (2.30 nmol/min/mg protein) and testis (0.11 nmol/min/mg protein). Using a newly developed method which employs diet-induced enzyme proteins and ergosterol as substrate, we assessed both kinetics ($K_m=210\;{\mu}M$, $V_{max}=1.93\;nmol/min/mg$) and inhibition of the rat hepatic ${\Delta}^7$-SR against well-studied cholesterol lowering agents such as triparanol ($IC_{50}=16\;{\mu}M$). 3-$\beta$-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]androst-5-en-17-one (U18666A) ($IC_{50}=5.2\;{\mu}M$), and trans-1.4-bis(2-chlorobenzylaminomethyl)cyclohexane dihydrochloride (AY-9944) ($IC_{50}=0.25\;{\mu}M$). Of the three well-known AY-9944-sensitive cholesterogenic enzymes (i.e., ${\Delta}^7$-SR, sterol ${\Delta}^8$-isomerase, and sterol ${\Delta}^14$-reductase). ${\Delta}^7$-SR was found to be the most sensitive enzyme with a noncompetitive inhibition of this compound ($K_i=0.109\;{\mu}M$). Substrate specificity studies of the microsomal ${\Delta}^7$-SR indicate that the relative reaction rate for 7-dehydrocholesterol and ergosterol are 5.6-fold and 1.6-fold higher than that for lathosterol. ${\Delta}^7$-SR activity was also modulated by feeding rats a diet supplemented with 0.5% ergosterol (>2.6-fold) in addition to 5.0% cholestyramine plus 0.1% lovastatin ($\simeq$5.0-fold). Finally, microsomal ${\Delta}^7$-SR was solubilized by 1.5% 3-[3-(cholamidopropyl)-dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS) and enriched on PEG (0~10%) precipitation, which should be suitable for further purification of the enzyme.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.1122-1127
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 인체의 생체임피던스는 임상 및 생물학적 조직의 병적 및 생리적 상태를 모니터링 하여 많은 정보를 획득 가능하다. 생체임피던측정용 4 전극법시스템은 2개의 전극은 생체의 전위차를 측정하였고, 다른 두 전극은 전류를 흘러주는 전극으로 사용하였다. 새롭게 개발된 건식 Gold 전극은 1 Hz에서 50 kHz 까지 임피던스를 측정하였으며, 재현성 있는 결과를 얻었다. 건식전극의 임피던스 측정값을 검증하기 위해서 생체전극피부등가회로를 이용하여 피팅을 실시하였고 모델링을 통해서 실효성을 증명하였다. 고정 전극형태는 측정 시 부착되는 전극의 위치가 일정하므로 안정적인 측정값을 얻을 수 있어서 오류를 최소화할 수 있다.

• 대한구순구개열학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2009

Generally, an adult cleft lip or/and palate patient shows some amount of maxillary deficiency due to limitation of bony growth caused by heavy scars resulted from previous operations such as a cheiloplasty and/or a palatoplasty at an early child age. To solve the problem, advancement of the maxilla is usually required during orthognathic surgery. However, severe tensional force resulted from heavy scars on the palate and/or the lip, as well as the bony defect at the cleft area limited sufficient advancement of the maxillary segment and finally caused relapse of the reposed maxilla. Therefore, distraction osteogenesis of the maxilla was introduced for the successful maxillary advancement inthose kinds of patients. As both hard and soft tissues can be simultaneously and gradually extended with this technique, tensional force caused by heavy scars opposed to forward movement of the maxilla can be reduced to an extent not to develop severe relapse of the advanced maxilla. Since distraction osteogenesis of the maxilla was applied as one of standard protocols for the treatment of the patients with severe maxillary hypoplasia dueto cleft lip and/or palate, the devices for the distraction was improved to control the vectors of distraction with better and more stable. We have treated a 23-year-old male cleft patient with a severe maxillary hypoplasia using a newly developed a maxillary distraction device and a RP model for a pre-operative simulation surgery. As a result, we could successfully move the maxilla as we designed pre-operatively and also reduce much of operation time. Therefore, we report of the case to share our experience with colleagues.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.549-553
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• 1995

갈화(Puerariae flos)추출물이 rat의 혈액, 뇌 및 간의 ethanol농도를 유의차있게 감소시켰다. 혈중 ethanol의 감소 효과는 ethanol을 투여한지 1시간 경과한 때에 대조군과 가장 많은 차이를 보였으며 열수 추출물이 80% ethanol 추출물보다 혈중 ethanol 농도를 더 크게 감소시킴이 관찰되었다. Ethanol 투여 10분 전에 갈화추출물 투여가 1시간 전 혹은 10분 후에 투여한 군에 비해서 ethanol 농도 저하에 더 효과적이었으며, 간과 뇌 조직에서도 ethanol의 농도가 저하되는 현상이 관찰되었다. 그러나 이 때 acetaldehyde는 검출되지 않았다. 혈중 ethanol 농도를 가장 효율적으로 감소시키는 갈화 추출물의 적정량은 55.7 mg/kg body weight이었다. 이번 실험을 위해 새로이 시도된 dichloromethane에 의한 시료 추출과 GC를 이용한 분석법은 간단, 신속 하면서도 좋은 분석결과를 보였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.498-503
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• 2004

The properties of ideal root canal sealers include the ability of sealing the total root canal system and no toxic effects to periradicular tissues. Cytotoxicity test using cell culture is a common screening method for evaluation of the biocompatibility of root canal sealers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effect of newly developed resin-based sealer (Adseal 1, 2, and 3) comparing with those commercial resin-based sealers (AH26 and AH Plus), ZOE-based sealers (Tubliseal EWT, Pulp Canal Sealer EWT) and calcium hydroxide based sealer (Sealapex), An indirect contact test of cytotoxicity by agar diffusion was performed according to the international standard ISO 10993-5. L929 fibroblast cells were incubated at $37^{\circ}C$ in humidified 5% $CO_2-containing$ air atmosphere. The freshly mixed test materials were inserted into glass rings of internal diameter 5 mm and height 5 mm placed on the agar. After the 24 hrs incubation period, the decolorization zones around the test materials were assessed using an inverted microscope with a calibrated screen. A Decolorization Index was determined for each specimen. Adseal 1. 2, and 3 did not exert any cytotoxic effects, whereas AH26, AH Plus, Tubliseal EWT, Pulp Canal Sealer EWT, and Sealapex produced mild cytotoxicity.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2019

Extensive tumor resection accompanied by radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the standard of care for malignant gliomas. However, there is a significant obstacle to the complete resection of the tumor due to the difficulty of distinguishing tumor and normal brain tissue with a conventional surgical microscope. Recently, multiple studies have shown the possibility of fluorescence-guided surgery in malignant gliomas. The most used fluorescence dyes for brain tumor surgery are 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and indocyanine green (ICG). In this paper, a new fluorescence guided operation system, which can detect both 5-ALA and ICG fluorescent images simultaneously, is presented. This operation system consists of light emitting diodes (LEDs) which emits 410 nm and 740 nm wavelengths. We have performed experiments on rats in order to verify the operation of the newly developed operation system. Oral administration and imaging were performed to observe the fluorescence of 5-ALA and ICG fluorescence in rats. When LEDs at wavelengths of 410 nm and 740 nm were irradiated on rats, 628 nm wavelength with a violet fluorescence color and 825 nm wavelength with a red fluorescence color were expressed in 5-ALA and ICG fluorescent material, respectively, thus we were able to distinguish the tumor tissues easily. Previously, due to the poor resolution of the conventional surgical microscope and the fact that the color of the vein is similar to that of the tumor, the tumor resection margin was not easy to observe, thus increasing the likelihood for cancer recurrence. However, when the tumor is observed through the fluorescence guided operation system, it is possible to easily distinguish the color with the naked eye and it can be completely removed. Therefore, it is expected that surgical removal of cancerous tumors will be possible and surgical applications and surgical microscopes for cancer tumor removal surgery will be promising in the future.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.261-281
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• 1993

The author transplanted periodontally-diseased teeth which had been treated with citric acid into a clinically healthy extraction sockets and periodontally-affected extraction sockets, and compared with the healing processes within these tissues. Recipient sites were prepared by surgically removing a part of alveolar bone of premolars of adults dogs, placing elastic orthodontic ligatures for 8weeks, thereby inducing periodontal disease. The diseased roots were extracted and transplanted into healthy extraction sockets, and these were designated as control group 1. Diseased roots transplanted into diseased sockets were designated as control group 2. Diseased roots which had been root planed, treated with citric acid and transplanted into healthy sockets were designated as experimental group 1, while identically treated roots which had been transplanted into diseased sockets were designated as experimental group 2. Observations were made at weeks 2, 8 and 12, with following results. 1. At week 2, experimental group 2 showed some inflammatory cell infiltration in the connective tissue above the extraction sockets, while control groups showed less inflammatory or foreign body reactions throughout the experiment. 2. In both control groups, root surface resorption was observed throughout the experiment, while experimental groups showed a little resorption. 3. Control group 1 & 2 showed ankylosis by newly-formed bone ground the resorbed root surfaces, while experimental group 1 & 2 displayed collagen fibers which are not functionally-arranged, with random, loose arrangement or parallel orientation to root surfaces, and newly-formed bone outside of them. 4. In both control groups & experimental groups which had been transplanted into a clinically healthy extraction sockets & periodontally affected extraction sockets groups, histological differences were not significant. 5. Root resorption or ankylosis in control group 1 & 2 had increased quantitatively as experiment progressed. 6. New bone formation developed from the base and lateral wall of extraction sockets. In both control groups & experimental groups, root surfaces lying next to the upper portion of extraction sockets showed little alveolar bone formation and surrounded by connective tissue fiber at weeks 2 & 8, while at weeks 12, they did show alveolar bone formation. 7. At week 12, experimental group 2 showed numerous cells which appeared to be periodontal ligament cells, with functionally arranged connective tissue fibers between the roots and alveolar bone.