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Shoes from Pinet to the Present

  • June, Swann
    • Proceedings of the Korea Society of Costume Conference
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    • 2001.08a
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    • pp.11-13
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    • 2001
  • For those unfamiliar with the shoe world, Pinet (1817-1897) was a contemporary of Worth, the great Parisian couturier. So I look at the glamour shoes and the world of haute couture, and indeed the development of the named designer. That is a concept we are all familiar with now. So it is not easy to comprehend the lack of names for the exquisite work before 1850. Straightway I have to say that the number of noted shoe designers is far fewer than famous dress designers, but I will introduce you to some of them, against the background of contemporary shoe fashions. Franc;ois Pinet was born in the provinces (probably Touraine) in 1817, two years after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. His father, an ex-soldier, settled to shoemaking, a comparatively clean and quiet trade. It had a tradition of literacy, interest in politics, and was known as the gentle craft, which attracted intelligent people. We should presume father would be helped by the family. It was usual for a child to begin by the age of 5-6, tying knots, sweeping up, running errands and gradually learning the job. His mother died 1827, and father 1830 when he was 13, and at the time when exports of French shoes were flooding world markets. He went to live with a master shoemaker, was not well treated, and three years later set out on the tour-de- France. He worked with masters in Tours and Nantes, where he was received as Compagnon Cordonnier Bottier du Devoir as Tourangeau-Ia rose dAmour (a name to prove most appropriate). He went on to Bordeaux, where at 19 he became president of the local branch. In 1841 he went to Paris, and in 1848, revolution year, as delegate for his corporation, he managed to persuade them not to go on strike. By now the shoemakers either ran or worked for huge warehouses, and boots had replaced shoes as the main fashion. In 1855 Pinet at the age of 38 set up his own factory, as the first machines (for sewing just the uppers) were appearing. In 1863 he moved to new ateliers and shop at Rue ParadisPoissoniere 44, employing 120 people on the premises and 700 outworkers. The English Womans Domestic Magazine in 1867 records changes in the boots: the soles are now wider, so that it is no longer necessary to walk on the uppers. There is interest in eastern Europe, the Polonaise boots with rosette of cord and tassels and Bottines Hongroises withtwo rows of buttons, much ornamented. It comments on short dresses, and recommends that the chaussure should correspond to the rest of the toilet. This could already be seen in Pinets boots: tassels and superb flower embroidery on the higher bootleg, which he showed in the Paris Exposition that year. I think his more slender and elegant Pinet heel was also patented then or 1868. I found little evidence for colour-matching: an English fashion plate of 1860 shows emerald green boots with a violetcoloured dress.

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Tiger Beetles(Carabidae, Cicindelinae) of Korea (한국산 길앞잡이 (딱정벌레목, 딱정벌레과))

  • Kim, Tae-Heung;Paik, Jong-Cheol;Jeong, Kyu-Hwan
    • The Korean Journal of Soil Zoology
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    • v.10 no.1_2
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    • pp.1-15
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    • 2005
  • Tiger Beetles(Carabidae, Cicindelinae) were collected in the Province of Chollabukdo including some nearby islands from April 1997 to October 2002. The specimens of ca. 500 deposited in Sunchon National University, Chonbuk National University, the Jeju Folklore and Natural History Museum, and elsewhere were also examined. As a result, Korean Cicindelinae of 18 species from 10 subgenera is reported herein. Of these, Cicindela (Cylindera) obliquefasciata Adams, 1817 and Cicindeia (Cephalota) chiloleuca Fisher, 1820 are recorded newly in the Korean Peninsula. However, the distribution of C. japana is very doubtful in South Korea. This study also includes a key to the species, discussions on the habitats, distributions, and some ecological characteristics of Korean Cicindelinae.

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Stereoscopic Free-viewpoint Tour-Into-Picture Generation from a Single Image (단안 영상의 입체 자유시점 Tour-Into-Picture)

  • Kim, Je-Dong;Lee, Kwang-Hoon;Kim, Man-Bae
    • Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.163-172
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    • 2010
  • The free viewpoint video delivers an active contents where users can see the images rendered from the viewpoints chosen by them. Its applications are found in broad areas, especially museum tour, entertainment and so forth. As a new free-viewpoint application, this paper presents a stereoscopic free-viewpoint TIP (Tour Into Picture) where users can navigate the inside of a single image controlling a virtual camera and utilizing depth data. Unlike conventional TIP methods providing 2D image or video, our proposed method can provide users with 3D stereoscopic and free-viewpoint contents. Navigating a picture with stereoscopic viewing can deliver more realistic and immersive perception. The method uses semi-automatic processing to make foreground mask, background image, and depth map. The second step is to navigate the single picture and to obtain rendered images by perspective projection. For the free-viewpoint viewing, a virtual camera whose operations include translation, rotation, look-around, and zooming is operated. In experiments, the proposed method was tested eth 'Danopungjun' that is one of famous paintings made in Chosun Dynasty. The free-viewpoint software is developed based on MFC Visual C++ and OpenGL libraries.

A Study on Architecture and Urban Regeneration in Korea through the Perception of Body (몸의 지각론에 의한 유휴시설의 건축도시 재생에 관한 연구)

  • Hyung, Hyung-Chir;Joh, Hahn
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.210-221
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    • 2017
  • First, we can define how our body perceives the external world and embodies its senses through the philosopher Merleau - Ponty. These philosophical orientations of Merleau-Ponty also appear to urban theorists such as Jane Jacobs, Gordon Cullen, and Juhani Pallasmaa. In other words, after the Second World War, people began to pay attention to human emotions and perceptions while opposing human rational thinking. Especially, they reject the abstract space of modernism and explore the everyday city space where the local character of the area lives. This place is a space where the collective memory of the group is shared over several generations. So, in this space, people's active perceptual system works actively. In the sense of this continuity of time, their ideas intersect with the concept of urban. Specifically, Jacobs criticizes massive development and proposes the development of a small block-based city with a commonality of old and new. In addition, we argue that urban space can be a visually interesting object through the continuous visual concept of urban theorist Cullen. In particular, he rediscovers the value of traditional urban space through visual experience between architecture and urban facilities. Finally, the architectural city theorist, Pallasmaa., criticizes the visual centrality of modern cities and thinks about the value of multidisciplinary space that can be experienced in architecture. This study examines the space of reproduction in detail on the perspective of the body philosophy and urban theorists. In other words, the play space inherits the natural city time, so when our body experiences this play space, we can actively sense and perceive the various senses. So we can invoke the active external actions of our bodies. Through the analysis of the size of the reconstruction space of the architectural city, various types of body senses and responses can be. Yoon Dongju Literary Museum, which renovated the old water tank of the city, can recognize the unfamiliar sense of body in everyday life through the traces and smells of water in the past and the restrained visuality. In addition, Seonyudo Park, which regenerates the waste water purification plant, can experience a phenomenal phenomenon through water space, old concrete and traces of steel. Finally, with the most recently played Seoul Road 7017 can experience interesting urban spaces in terms of a variety of plants, a human scale space creating movement, and a continuous visual.

A Study of JejuHaenyeo's (Women Diver) Awareness on Self, Community and UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (ICH) Designation (제주해녀의 자아인식, 공동체 의식, 유네스코 등재 인식에 대한 연구)

  • You, Won-Hee;Seo, Se-Jin;Choi, Byung-Kil
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.89-96
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    • 2018
  • JejuHaenyeo(women diver) culture has been designated as UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity(ICH) in 2016. However, the number of new Haenyeo is decreasing due to the hardships and difficulties of Haenyeo job, and the aging factor of Haenyeo is threatening the cultural preservation and inheritance. The study aims to analyze JejuHaenyeo's awareness on self, community and UNESCO ICH designation. The study further aims to check any significant difference in Haenyeo's self-awareness per age group to conclude an effective strategy for permanence of Haenyeo culture. 228 JejuHaenyeo were interviewed at "The 10th JejuHaenyeo World Festival" around the Jeju Haenyeo Museum in Gujwa-eup, Jeju-si. The test result shows the difference per age group on awareness on self and UNESCO ICH designation status. The younger the generation of Haenyeo it gets, the awareness on self and UNESCO ICH designation status of Haenyeo gets lowerer. Without an immediate improvement to supplement JejuHaenyeo's awareness on self and UNESCO ICH designation status, preservation and inheritance of JejuHaenyeo culture may not be an easy task in the future.

The celebration events and music on the celebration day of national foundation(開國紀元節) during the Daehan Empire Period (대한제국기 개국기원절(開國紀元節) 기념행사와 음악)

  • Lee, Jung-hee
    • (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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    • no.25
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    • pp.135-181
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    • 2012
  • The celebration day of national foundation(開國紀元節) is to celebrate the foundation of Joseon by Taejo Lee Seong Gye. It is also shortly called as the celebration day. The events celebrating this were performed either on a large or small scale by the court or the people from 1895 right before 1910, the Korea-Japan Annexation. As you can see from the period of its performance, the celebration day of national foundation was not one of the Joseon's traditional court events, but it was one of the national holidays(慶節) institutionalized newly after the port opening (1876). In Korea, too, they strived to concentrate on modernization as exchanging with all different countries in the world after the port opening. Also, they considered how to concretize all different celebration events for national holidays characterized by the modern days of celebration. As a result, additionally or partly from the traditional court events, the events to celebrate national holidays appeared one after another from 1895. And this article examined the celebration day of national foundation, one of the national holidays referred to as modern-style days of celebration. The event to celebrate this can be seen from Geongbok-gung(景福宮) on the day of July 16th, 1895. And the Independence Association(獨立協會) also held the event for the celebration day of national foundation. The event performed for the celebration day of national foundation shows very distinct aspects on the ground to maintain the congratulatory ways partly. In particular, the ritual for the celebration day of national foundation held by the Independence Association induced modernized ways of celebration such as the congratulatory address and speech, and it also included new elements like the harmony of various music including court music(宮中音樂) or Chang-ga(唱 歌).

Precise Deterioration Diagnosis and Restoration Stone Suggestion of Jungdong and Banjukdong Stone Aquariums in Gongju, Korea (공주 중동 및 반죽동 석조의 정밀 손상도 진단과 복원석재 제안)

  • Jo, Young Hoon;Lee, Myeong Seong;Choi, Gi Eun;Lee, Chan Hee
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.44 no.3
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    • pp.92-111
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    • 2011
  • This study focus on the restoration stone selection of break-out part based on material characteristics analysis and the conservational safety diagnosis using various nondestructive techniques for Jungdong and Banjukdong Stone Auariums. As a result, the original rocks of the stone aquariums body are porphyritic granodiorite with magnetite-series having igneous lineation, microcline phenocryst, veinlet and basic xenolith. As a result of the provenance presumption of the host rock, a rock around Gamgokri area in Nonsan City was identified the genetically same rock. Therefore, the rock is appropriate for restoration materials of the break-out part. The deterioration assessment showed that the stone aquariums were highly serious scaling, scale off and blackening. Particularly, the front face of Banjukdong stone aquarium needs reinforcement of structural crack (760mm) caused from igneous lineation of biotite. Blackening contaminants on the stone aquariums surface occurred by combining iron oxide, manganese oxide and clay mineral. Also, major factors of efflorescence contaminants were identified as calcite (Jungdong stone aquariums) and gypsum (Banjukdong stone aquariums). The physical characteristics of stone aquariums appeared that the original and new stone is third (moderately weathered) and second grade (slightly weathered), respectively. This study sets up an integrated conservation system from material analysis to restoration stone selection and conservational safety diagnosis of Jungdong and Banjukdong stone aquariums.

The Life and Art Collection Activities of Pro-Japanese Collaborator Park Yeong-cheol During Japanese Occupation (『고박영철씨기증서화류전관목록(故朴榮喆氏寄贈書畵類展觀目錄)』을 통해 본 다산(多山) 박영철(朴榮喆, 1879~1939)의 수장활동)

  • Kim, Sang Yop
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.44 no.4
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    • pp.70-85
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    • 2011
  • The study of the modern art market and distribution differs in its research focus from that of traditional art history, which traces and analyzes the works of master artists, their schools and influence, in that it attempts to approach such issues as art and society, and distribution and consumption of works of art, based on new research methods and perspectives. This paper examines the life and art collection activities of Park Yeong-cheol, considered to be one of the earliest major modern Korean art collectors. He graduated from the Japanese military academy and served as both a solider of the Greater Korean Empire and a high level officer of the Japanese army. After being discharged, he served as Governor of Gangwon-do and then Hamgyeongbuk-do, and after his retirement from public office, he became a leading businessman. He is well-known as a Japanese sympathizer who approved of and advocated for the aggressive colonial policies of the Japanese empire. As a cultural enthusiast and art collector, however, Park Yeong-cheol published the most accurate edition of Yeonamjip, and donated his collection to Geyongseong University at the end of his life, thus providing the foundation for the Seoul National University Museum. All of these activities are highly commendable. His interest in growing his collection of paintings and calligraphies was largely motivated by his love of paintings and Chinese poems,but it also appears to have been the result of his active collaboration with the Japanese government's policy of trying to discover the distinct, non-western characteristics of traditional Eastern art.

Performance Style of the Emperor Gojong' Birth Anniversary Memorial Banquet in the 1910s (1910년대 고종 탄신 기념 연회의 공연 양상)

  • Lee, Jung-hee
    • (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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    • no.35
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    • pp.287-338
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    • 2017
  • Gojong' Birth Anniversary Memorial Banquet in the 1910s was forced to be performed differently from the performance style in Joseon Dynasty period that featured a harmonious majestic beauty of etiquette music. The banquet was separated into three different sessions of ceremony, luncheon and performance', which clearly revealed a distinctive pattern of etiquette music. The performance was accompanied by the dinner party or was lightly implemented as part of evening entertainment. With the use of the term entertainment, the performances belonging to this category fell into nothing but something to enjoy, amusement, fun and play. The contents of such performances were not closely woven into the fabric of the entire banquet but were individualized and scattered in a way of putting the performances in a state of flux in line with the circumstances. Therefore, it became increasingly hard to expect a high degree of completion and solid structure of performances. The items of performance included western music, popular vocal music, popular instrumental music, magic, and film, which were not played in traditional court banquet in the presence of Gojong rather than traditional music and dance performed in court. In other words, the court performance could not maintain its traditional heritage but was transformed into a mixture of popular performance and new forms of art. It was driven by the Japanese imperialism toward the atmosphere of entertainment in oblivion of tradition but not toward the external extension of court performances.

A Historical Study on the Influx and Change of the 'So'(簫) used in Confucian Shrine Ritual Music (문묘제례악 소(簫)의 유입과 변화에 관한 역사적 고찰)

  • Cho, Seog-yeon
    • (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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    • no.35
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    • pp.441-470
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    • 2017
  • This paper deals with three issues related to influx and change of the Confucian Shrine Ritual Music. First, the musical instrument of the Akhakgwebeom-wooden frame-form used in the current Confucian Shrine Ritual Music is not a form that came in when the Daesung-Aak of the Song Dynasty was introduced in 1116, but it is a Yuan Dynasty form brought from the Ming Dynasty, in the 19th year of King Kongmin. In the Song Dynasty of the Goryeo Yejong era, when Daesung-Aak came in, there was not yet 'Baeso', a musical instrument of the Akhakgwebeom form, which first appeared in the Yuan Dynasty. A new musical instrument named 'Baeso' appears with the 'So' in the later period of King Gongmin, and it is very likely that this 'Baeso' is the musical instrument of the present Akhakgwebeom form. Second, although the form of the 'So' in the Joseon Dynasty recorded in the Akhakgwebeom was followed by the Chinese one, but the pitch and arrangement are the one of the pitch of '12 Yul and 4 Cheongseong' and the arrangement of the pitch from left to right. Third, in the 1930s, the whole form was the same as that of the Akhakgwebeom, but there existed two types, which several pipes stick together or pipes fall apart. But since then, as seen in the musical instrument located at Kyungpook National University Museum and in instruments currently used in Confucian Shrine Ritual Music, only musical instruments exist which pipes fall apart. It is unclear for what reason and to what extent the 'So' were so transformed, but it would be appropriate to re-establish the form of the 'So' in the musical and historical point of view.