• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.153-175
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• 2015

규장각에 소장된 "관동 관서지도"의 조선전도는 다른 지도에 비해 "황여전람도" "조선도"와 가장 유사하다. 본 연구는 두 지도의 공통점과 차이를 비교하여 "조선도"의 모본이 된 지도의 형태를 추정하고자 하였다. 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 두 지도를 비교하여 볼 때 섬 지명의 기록은 거의 동일할 뿐만 아니라 지명에서 약 80%가 서로 일치하고 있다. 한반도 모습, 함경도, 평안도 등 북부 지역 내용에서 차이가 있음에도 불구하고 황해도와 강원도 이남 지역에서는 해안선 형태, 도별 경계, 감영 위치 묘사에서 상당히 유사하다. 이를 볼 때 "규장각본"의 모본이 된 지도가 "조선도" 제작 당시 조선이 제공한 지도와 동일한 것으로 추정된다. 지명에서 차이를 보면 "규장각본"은 강원도 경상도에서 누정 지명이 많으나 "조선도"의 경우 이들은 삭제되고 평안도와 함경도에서 관방 지명의 비중이 높다. 이들 차이는 "조선도"를 제작하면서 지리정보가 편집된 내용을 추정하게 한다. "규장각본"과 다른 조선 지도와 비교해 보면 17세기에 이미 이전과는 다른 형태의 지도가 만들어졌으며, 이는 "조선도"와 함께 18세기 지도 제작에 영향을 미쳤을 것으로 보인다.

• 대한간호
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.62-75
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• 1992

This study was done to suggest basic modifications in the present situation for the family of women in labour which is a separation management method. The study design was a descriptive study. The number of the subjects were 80. they were husbands, mothers in law, and mothers of women in labour who were full term and for whom there were no complications, either for the mother or the fetus. Data collection was done with a structured questionnaire which was analyzed using frequencies. The results were as follows, 1. Most of the subjects(95.0%) wanted to participate in the labour process. 2. The subjects wanted to support the women in labour by way of encouraging(95.0%), consoling (95.0%), listening to(75.0%), praying with(68.8%), hand holding(97.5%), stroking(63.8%), helping with respiration control(50.0%), maintaining relaxation(46.3%), changing position(58.8%), and illustration (58.8 %). 3. The subjects answered that they expected their participation to have the effect of an easier labour course(52.5%), security for the women in labour(95.0%), and providing a better relationship between the women in labour(66.3%) and the new baby(55.0%). 4. The priority of the response as to who is the best supporter was husband, and mother of the women in labour in that order. It can be concluded that nurses maintained a management method which ignored the needs of the families of women in labour. If given consideration is to be given to these subjects, future programs should initiate ways to let the families participate in the labour process.

• 영어영문학
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.103-133
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to make a critique of racial aspects of Caribbean literature more ethical through a constant concern with history and political philosophy. The first step I take for this purpose is a comparative reading of C. L. R. James's view of Toussaint L'Ouverture's position and Frantz Fanon's view of race and class in the historical context of the Caribbean power-relations. In so doing, I examine how Toussaint's and Fanon's wills to negotiation were thwarted in the New World history. To elaborate upon this ethico-political approach, I have recourse to the so-called later Derrida, focusing on his books, such as The Politics of Friendship, Of Hospitality, On Cosmopolitanism and Forgiveness, etc. Taking an up-close look at Derrida's thought, I argue that his political contemplation of ethics is as effective as his deconstruction of "otherness" in dealing with the nature of ethnic clashes in both the real world and minority literature. In the second half of my paper, I reexamine the issues of race, gender, and class in the three novels of Jamaica Kincaid - Annie John, Lucy, and The Autobiography of My Mother. It is conceivable that from the feminist perspective Kincaid's fiction has been read as a postcolonial Bildungsroman. In my supplementary attempts to this criticism, I reveal that the teenage narrator's precocious awareness is still under the colonial influence in the Annie John section. My analysis of Lucy contends that the reasons why the white woman fails to make friends with the young black woman should be sought in the long history of the U.S. racial politics. In the section of The Autobiography of My Mother, I discuss how difficult it is for a minority woman to liberate from the spell of history insofar as she is engaged in the issue of identity. In closing, I pose a need of consolation that literature may grant us by becoming able to produce a different interpretation on all the bleaker reality.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to identify that Rooming-in of new mothers have an influence on continuous breast feeding. Method: This is a comparative survey study which was done by self reported questionnaire and telephone contacts. The subjects are collected from two groups which consist of 29 in Rooming-in group and 24 in Non-Rooming in group respectively. The data were collected method of this study was lists of given to mothers while they were in the hospital and interviews by telephone were done at their home 3 months and 6 months after delivery. Result: The results of this study were as follows: 1. The rates of breast feeding were 79.3% in the Rooming-in group and 41.7% in the non-Rooming in group after 3 months. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups ($X^2$=10.217, p=.009). 2. The rates of breast feeding were 69.0% in the Rooming-in group and 29.2% in the Non-Rooming-in group at 6 months. There was a statistically significant difference between the two group ($X^2$=10.310, p=.012). Conclusion: Rooming-in system provoke an increase of the breast feeding rate in new mothers and encourage them to keep breast feeding. In addition, it would be desirable that hospitals apply Rooming-in system actively and encourage new mothers to breast feed for 24 hours a day. It could be make breast feeding successful.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.201-208
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• 2022

Background: According to the National Family Health Survey-4, in India, 78.9% of deliveries occur in institutions, although only 42.6% of new mothers initiate breastfeeding within 1 hour of delivery. Purpose: To estimate the proportion of early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) among new mothers at discharge from a tertiary care hospital and identify the determinants of delayed initiation of breastfeeding among them. Methods: This was a hospital-based analytical cross-sectional study of 108 new mothers. After obtaining Institutional Review Board approval and informed consent, we interviewed the new mothers on the day of discharge. Multivariate logistic regression was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 24. Results: The median breastfeeding initiation time was 90 minutes (interquartile range, 30-180 minutes). Overall, 43.5% of the mothers practiced EIBF, 77.4% practiced exclusive breastfeeding, and 43.5% were rooming in at discharge. Reasons for breastfeeding delays included extended recovery time from spinal anesthesia, maternal lassitude, and uncomfortable breastfeeding position due to post-cesarean pain. In the multivariate analysis, a birth weight less than 2,500 g (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-16.82; P=0.03), cesarean section delivery (aOR, 4.68; 95% CI, 1.57-13.92; P=0.005), and mother's poor knowledge of breastfeeding (aOR, 4.61; 95% CI, 1.44-14.72; P=0.010) were more likely to delay the initiation of breastfeeding. Conclusion: EIBF was practiced by less than half of the new mothers as determined by the cesarean section, baby's birth weight, and mothers' awareness of breastfeeding. Thus, it is vital to improve breastfeeding and nutritional counseling among mothers during the antenatal period and improve healthcare professionals' training to facilitate EIBF, even in circumstances such as cesarean section.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.305-313
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• 2021

본 연구는 1995년부터 2020년까지 기간의 '미혼모', '싱글맘', '비혼모' 키워드를 중심으로 시기별 빅데이터를 수집, 분석하여, 미혼모에 대한 관점 변화에 따른 적절한 정부의 지원정책 방향성을 제시하고자 한다. 자료수집을 위해 빅데이터 수집 플랫폼인 텍스톰을 활용하여 포털검색 사이트 네이버, 다음에서 데이터 수집 후, 데이터를 정제하는 과정을 거쳤다. 최종 정제된 데이터는 텍스톰에서 제공하는 단어빈도분석, TF-IDF 분석, N-gram 분석, UCINET6 프로그램을 통한 Network 분석과 CONCOR 분석을 진행하였다. 연구결과, 단어빈도분석, TF-IDF 분석에서는 유사한 단어들이 출현하였으나 연도별로 차이를 보였고, N-gram 분석에서는 단어 출현의 유사점은 있었으나 빈도수와 연쇄적으로 출현되는 단어들의 형태에 많은 차이가 있었으며 CONCOR 분석결과, 연도별로 다른 군집을 이루는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 본 연구는 미혼모의 관점 변화를 빅데이터의 분석을 통해 확인하고, 독립적인 여성들의 다양한 선택권을 위한 미혼모 정책, 그리고 그에 맞는 차별 없는 임신, 출산, 양육이 새로운 가족의 형태 내로 포용 되는 정책의 필요성을 제언한다.

• 대순사상논총
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• 제34집
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• pp.107-139
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• 2020

本論文的探討, 主要集中在韓國大巡真理會的最高神「九天上帝」與臺灣一貫道的萬靈真宰「明明上帝」, 二者皆為當代很具代表性的新興「上帝」信仰, 試著就其信仰的淵源, 特色及關聯性作比較研究。根據的文獻有中國古籍及道教典籍, 大巡真理會的《典經》及一貫道的《一貫道藏》等文獻, 借此以了解大巡及一貫道宇宙觀思想的特色。例如, 九天上帝因不忍看到世間愈來愈混亂, 為了讓世間變好, 走向神人調化的世界, 所以下凡來大巡世間教化世人。最終來到了韓國, 降生在甄山客望里, 展開教化世人, 解冤相生, 陰陽合德, 神人調化, 達於道通真境的理想實現。一貫道則說人的來源是在「理天」, 人是由明明上帝所創造的「原胎佛子」, 來世間為了治理世間, 接受鍛煉, 最終是要回到理天的故家鄉。但由於迷戀紅塵, 忘了回鄉之路, 所以上帝派了彌勒佛, 濟公活佛及月慧菩薩, 降生在世間教化世人, 使能認母歸根, 達本返原, 回到理天老母的家鄉。大巡會與一貫道都將萬靈真宰的最高神簡稱為「上帝」。這又與西方聖經中的上帝, 具有某些聯結性, 但又有其差異性。探究其淵源, 九天上帝與明明上帝, 似乎又與形成於殷商時期, 中國古代的上帝信仰有關。這些都是很有趣的問題, 值得作更深入的比較探究。

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 1998

A female hemihypertrophy patient with hypomelanosis of Ito is presented as a rare case combining classical features of both the syndrome. Chromosomal profile has been based on longitudinal study of repeated lymphocyte cultures during 1984-1992. The propositus has exhibited chromosomal mosaicism both hypoploid ($42{\pm}1$) and hyperploid ($48{\pm}2$ chromosome) counts, but the major stem line presented 46XX chromosomes. Ring chromosome with simple and complex translocations with marker dots appear to be the major cytogenetic assemblage of this child to posses unequal left and right halves of the body. Each and every organ from toe to the head has grown up unequally and lately the patient had been exhibiting different dark and light shapes of melanin on the skin. We believe that the patient had inherited, through her male parent, "a few" mutated loci on some chromosomes so as to generate different cell lines within the developing child. All sibs and the mother showed normal karyotype with no apparent aberration.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.301-307
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• 2005

Purpose: To investigate changes in mother's stress, degree of depression and level of milk secretion hormones when the mothers provided massage to their new born babies. Method: The study was conducted with 65 women who had delivered at a convalescence institute in Incheon between Sep 25, 2003 and Feb 10, 2004. The mothers were assigned to a control group or an experimental group. Infants of mothers in the experimental group received massage from their mothers twice a day for 10 days beginning on the 4th day after delivery. The data were processed using $x^2-test$, paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA using the SAS program. Results: The level of cortisol, a stress hormone and depression were significantly different between the two groups (p=0.01 ;p=0.02). While fur plasma prolactin level, a milk secretion hormone, there was no significant difference(p=0.14). Conclusions: When massage was provided to new-born babies the cortisol level of the mothers decreased significantly compared to the control group which did not receive the massage. As the level of depression of the control group declined as time passed while the experiment group showed no difference and there was no difference in the plasma prolactin level, further study is suggested.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2007년도 한국음성과학회 공동학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.3-23
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• 2007

King Sejong the Great, his students in Jip-hyeun-jeon school and Choe Sejin, their successor of the sixteenth century, indicated Middle Korean had three distinctive pitches, low, high, and rising (phyeong-, geo-, sang-sheong). Thanks to $Hun-min-jeng-{\emptyset}eum$ as well as its Annotation and side-dots literatures in fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, we can compare Middle Korean with Hamgyeong dialect, Gyeongsang dialect, and extant tone dialects with joint preservers of what was probably the tonal system of unitary mother Korean language. What is most remarkable about middle Korean phonetic work is its manifest superiority in conception and execution as anything produced in the present day linguistic scholarship. But at this stage in linguistics, prior to the technology and equipment needed for the scientific analysis of sound waves, auditory description was the only possible frame for an accurate and systematic classification. And auditory phonetics still remains fundamental in pitch description, even though modern acoustic categories may supplement and supersede auditory ones in tonological analysis. Auditory phonetics, however, has serious shortcoming that its theory and practice are too subject to be developed into the present century science. With joint researchers, I am developping a new pitch scale. It is a semiautomatic auditory grade pitch analysis program. The result of our labor will give a significant breakthrough to upgrade our component in linguistics.