• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.355-362
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• 2005

This study was carried out to obtain basic information on variety selection for the utilization of whole crop rices(WCR) at National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, in 2004. Fifteen varieties and elite line were evaluated on feed value such as dry matter yield(DMY), crude protein( CP), acid detergent fiber(ADF), neutral detergent fiber(NDF) and total digestible nutrients(TDN). The dry matter yields were ranged from 13.23 to 17.83 ton per ha, the highest yielding varieties were Sobibyeo(l6.98ton / ha) in Japonica type, SR22060 (17.83 ton / ha) in New plant type, Hangangchalbyeo(I7.66 ton / ha) in Tongil type. Suweon 468 showed the highest value in the RFV and TDN content among the varieties, and Suweon 468, Suweon 498, Suweon 490 and SR22058 were chosen to have the high feed values through cluster analysis. The dry weight(grain) was found to be positively related with percent of the ripened grain, 1,000 grain weight and CPo TDN content was found to be positively related with CP, but negatively related with NDF and ADF. RFV was found to be negatively related with plant height, NDF and ADF. The promising rice varieties for WCR were Suweon 468, Suweon 498, Suweon 490 and SR22058 on the basis of CP, TDN and DMY.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.403-424
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• 1996

Cell culture methods have been used to assess the cytotoxicity of dental materials. Different paramaters are used to monitor cytotoxic effects. But it is difficult to compare each investigator's results with different methods. The objective of this study was to investigate cytotoxic effect of several retrograde filling materials according to cell lines and assay methods. Cytotoxicity of Bestalloy (Dogmyung, Korea), Prisma APH(Densply International Inc., U.S.A.), Clearfil FII (Kuraray Co., Japan), Fuji II (GC Co., Japan), Fuji II LC (GC Co., Japan) and IRM (Densply Co., U.S.A.) on L929, 3T3 and KB permanent cell lines was measured. Radiochromium, Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release method and colorimetric assays, namely neutral red (NR) and MTT were used. Each material was mixed according to the manufacturer's instruction. They were tested as solid and extracted state. Cell culture media were added to each mixed or solid materials then the solution was collected and used as extract solutions. Solid Fuji II showed mild cytotoxicity on three cell lines using radiochromium release method. There was no difference in cytotoxicity of extract solution group using radiochromium release method. In colorimetric assay immediate Fuji II group and all the IRM groups showed severe cytotoxic effect. Difference in cyctotoxicity was due to rather kinds of cell lines than assay methods. Solid Fuji II and IRM showed mild cytotoxicity on three cell lines. But extract solutions had different cytotoxic effect according to cell lines using LDH release assay. Light-cured glass ionomer had mild to moderate degree of cytotoxicity on three cell lines. Cytotoxicity was affected by specimen prepaton. Susceptibility of each cell ines were also affected by assay emthods. It was suggested that cytotoxicity study using only one cell line and/or assay method might not accurately reflect the real toxic nature of dental biomaterials.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.6-11
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• 2010

Chub and blue mackerels are popular fish resources in Korea, but little is known about each biochemical characters of different anatomical regions. To investigate biochemical characters of chub and blue mackerels, three ordinary muscle regions were identified by their fin position; namely anterior, median, posterior. In addition, red muscle, as a dark muscle, was obtained from beneath the lateral line to compare with ordinary muscles. Proximate and lipid-class compositions did not show any discernible trends in the different anatomical ordinary muscles from mackerel of the same kind, while significant differences between ordinary and red muscles in the same mackerel, or between chub and blue mackerels, were observed. Red muscles from both mackerels had higher levels in lipids with higher neutral lipid class compared with ordinary muscles. The major difference between chub and blue mackerels was the levels of lipids and neural lipid class, indicating that all muscles from chub mackerel showed higher levels of neural lipids compared with those of blue mackerel (P<0.05). Fatty acid compositions showed that the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), in median and posterior was higher compared with anterior muscle from both mackerels. When compared with chub mackerel, blue mackerel showed higher percentage of DHA in all muscle regions. In amino acid analysis, taurine concentration was much higher in the red muscle than in the ordinary muscles. But levels of histamine, glutamic acid, leucine and lysine were higher in the ordinary muscles. Our results indicated that chub mackerel contained more lipids than blue mackerel and that red muscle had higher levels of neural lipid and taurine compared to ordinary muscles.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.128-136
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• 2003

본 논문은 3상 4선식 전력시스템내의 고조파전류 및 중성선에 흐르는 영상 전류를 저감하기 위한 3상 4선식 능동전력필터의 직류전압 제어를 위한 누적방지기법 적용에 관한 연구를 수행한다. 비선형 스위칭 부하에 의해 발생한 고조파 전류를 효율적으로 저감하고 전력시스템의 전체 성능을 개선하기 위해서, 전력시스템의 운전 특성에 따라 3상 4선식 능동전력필터의 내부 직류전압을 제어할 필요가 있다. 직류전압 제어를 위해서 일반적으로 PI 제어기를 사용하나, 적분기에 의한 누적 오차는 직류전압 제어기의 동특성에 영향을 준다. 따라서 본 논문은 누적방지 기법의 사용을 제안하며, 3상 4선식 능동전력필터의 직류 전압 제어기의 동특성이 개선됨을 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통하여 증명한다.

• 천문학논총
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• 제15권spc1호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2000

Symbiotic stars are known as binary systems of a giant with heavy mass loss and a white dwarf accompanied by an emission nebula. They often show bipolar nebulae, and are believed to form an accretion disk around the white dwarf component by attracting the slow but heavy stellar wind around the giant companion. However, the existence and physical properties of the accretion disk in these systems still remain controversial. Unique to the spectra of symbiotic stars is the existence of the symbiotic bands around $6830{\AA}$ and $7088{\AA}$, which have been identified by Schmid (1989) as the Raman scattered features of the O VI $1032{\AA}$ and $1038{\AA}$ doublet by atomic hydrogen. Due to the incoherency of the Raman scattering, these features have very broad profiles and they are also strongly polarized. In the accretion disk emission model, it is expected that the Raman features are polarized perpendicular to the binary axis and show multiple peak structures in the profile, because the neutral scatterers located near the giant component views the accretion disk in the edge-on direction. Assuming the presence of scattering regions outflowing in the polar directions, we may explain the additional red wing or red peak structure, which is polarized parallel to the binary axis. We argue that in the accretion disk emission model it is predicted that the profile of the Raman feature around $6830{\AA}$ is different from the profile of the $7088{\AA}$ because the O VI line optical depth varies locally around the white dwarf component. We conclude that the Raman scattered features are an important tool to investigate the physical conditions and geometrical configuration of the accretion disk in a symbiotic star.

• 복식
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.20-31
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• 2011

Decentralization is an effort to liberalize people from its character of neutralizing or restraining people while indwelling in the previous thought system. Decentralization in fashion is one of the phenomenon of post-modernism fashion, and it is closely related to de-culturalism, crossover, abolition of rank, and etc, and it is in line with Asian look which includes orientalism fashion. The study intends to consider the Phenomenon of Decentralization of Asian Look and its Method depicted in the western fashion. The study focuses on documentary data, and the it is held with the basis of Asian look shown in western fashion. If ideology which influenced the formation of folk costume of Asia, Asian look is the dissolution of such ideology, and post-modern amusement is substituting it. The most conspicuous characteristic of decentralization phenomena of Asian look is pastiche which is a combination and reallocation of external style of many cultural zones and many folk costumes, and it shows mutual irrelevance, and it is a neutral imitation which has internal meaning and humor disappeared. Also, Asian look shows characteristics of parody and irony, which are reversal characteristics of aesthetic value which is expressed through methods of addition, modification, distortion, exaggeration, inversion, dissolution, and etc. Parody which is expressed through imitation regarding previous style shows effect of humor or satire, but its characteristics show that it expresses respect or admiration regarding the original The method of irony is showing sarcasm with ironical method regarding the peculiar style of Asian folk costume, and it pursues unexpected shock and joy, and it is closely related to orientalism fashion. Expansion and constancy of Asian look reflects the interest regarding folk of Asia and Asia, and it is a movement which intends new attempt by abolishing stereotype, and furthermore, it is expressing liberty of humans.

• 복식
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.147-160
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• 2013

Korean fashion designs became important items in Korea in the middle of the 1980s, and it has advanced into the world market in the early part of the 1990s. To achieve success in global fashion world, it is necessary to analyze Korean fashion design thoroughly and prepare strategies to develop designs with mainstream acceptance in the global fashion world. The purpose of this study is to analyze the aesthetic characteristics and Korean beauties of Korean fashion designs. Fashion photos of Korean fashion designs from 2006 S/S to 2012 F/W were analyzed. 357 designs from 608 designs of 4 representative Korean designers were examined and design characteristics, expression styles were studied. The major conclusions of the study are as follows : 1. H Line, slim, fitted silhouette and loose look were applied. 2. 5 major traditional colors, red, blue, yellow, white and black colors were used. Brown color, neutral color, golden color and beige color of the textile material's original color were used. Traditional textile materials like ramie fabric, satin and cotton, wool and metallic fabric were used. 3. Patterns of flower, traditional pattern and Korean letters were applied. Embroidery, patchwork and mother-of-pearl were decorated. 4. The three types of beauty were natural beauty, moderate beauty and decorative beauty. The types that were analyzed were realistic expression type, moderate expression type, image expression type and mixed expression type. To be accepted in global fashion world, Korean traditional design elements should be modified, broken down and reorganized so that Korean fashion design can be recreated.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.4321-4326
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• 2011

A new series of heteroleptic cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes has been synthesized and characterized by absorption, emission and cyclic voltammetry studies: $(pqx)_2Ir(acac)$ (1), $(dmpqx)_2Ir(acac)$ (2) and $(dfpqx)_2Ir(acac)$ (3) where pqx=2-phenylquinoxalinate, dmpqx=2-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)quinoxalinate, dfpqx=2-(2,4-difluorophenyl) quinoxalinate and acac=acetylacetonate anion. The reaction of excess acetylacetone with ${\mu}$-chloride-bridged dimeric iridium complex, $[(C\^N)_2Ir({\mu}-Cl)]_2$, gives a complex 1 and an unusual hydridoiridium(III) complex, $(pqx)IrH(acac)_2$ (4). The complex 1, 2 and 3 show their emissions in an orangered region (${\lambda}_{PL,max}$ = 583-616 nm), and the emission maxima can be tuned by the change of substituent at phenyl ring of 2-phenylquinoxaline ligand. The phosphorescent line shape indicates that the emissions originate predominantly from $^3MLCT$ states with little admixture of ligand-based $^3({\pi}-{\pi}^*)$ excited states. The structures of complex 3 and 4 are additionally characterized by a single crystal X-ray diffraction method. The complex 3 shows a distorted octahedral geometry around iridium(III) metal ion. A strong trans influence of the phenyl ring is examined. In complex 4, there are two discrete molecules which are mirror images each other at the ratio of 1:1 in an unit cell. We propose that the phosphorescent complex 1, 2 and 3 are possible candidates for the phosphors in OLEDs applications.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.3-15
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• 2014

An articulatory study (using an Electromagnetic Articulography, EMA) was conducted to explore effects of prosodic boundary strength (Intonational Phrase/IP versus Word/Wd), and focus (Focused/accented, Neutral, Unfocused/unaccented) on the kinematic realization of /m/ in the coda (${\ldots}$am#i${\ldots}$) and the onset (${\ldots}$a#mi${\ldots}$) conditions in Korean. (Here # refers to a prosodic boundary such as an IP or a Wd boundary). Several important points have emerged. First, the boundary effect on /m/s was most robustly observed in the temporal dimension in both the coda (IP-final) and the onset (IP-initial) conditions, generally in line with cross-linguistically observable boundary-related lengthening patterns. Crucially, however, in contrast with boundary-related slowing-down effects that have been observed in English, both the IP-final and IP-initial temporal expansions of Korean /m/s were not accompanied by an articulatory slowing down. They were, if anything, associated with a faster movement in the lip opening (release) phase (into the vowel). This suggests that the mechanisms underlying boundary-related temporal expansions may differ between languages. Second, observed boundary-induced strengthening effects (both spatial and temporal expansions, especially on the IP-initial /m/s) were remarkably similar to prominence (focus)-induced strengthening effects, which is again counter to phrase-initial strengthening patterns observed in English in which boundary effects are dissociated from prominent effects. This suggests that initial syllables in Korean may be a common focus for both boundary and prominence marking. These results, taken together, imply that the boundary-induced strengthening in Korean is different in nature from that in English, each being modulated by the individual language's prosodic system. Third, the coda and the onset /m/s were found to be produced in a subtly but significantly different way even in a Wd boundary condition, a potentially neutralizing (resyllabification) context. This suggests that although the coda may be phonologically 'resyllabified' into the following syllable in a phrase-medial position, its underlying syllable affiliation is kinematically distinguished from the onset.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.87-103
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• 2007

This paper presents some of the results from an experimental research project on the behavior of extended end-plate connections subjected to moment conducted at the Structural Laboratory of Jordan University of Science and Technology. Since the connection behavior affects the structural frame response, it must be included in the global analysis and design. In this study, the behavior of six full-scale stiffened and unstiffened cantilever connections of HEA- and IPE-sections has been investigated. Eight high strength bolts were used to connect the extended end-plate to the column flange in each case. Strain gauges were installed inside each of the top six bolts in order to obtain experimentally the actual tension force induced within each bolt. Then the connection behavior is characterized by the tension force in the bolt, extended end-plate behavior, moment-rotation relation, and beam and column strains. Some or all of these characteristics are used by many Standards; therefore, it is essential to predict the global behavior of column-beam connections by their geometrical and mechanical properties. The experimental test results are compared with two theoretical (equal distribution and linear distribution) approaches in order to assess the capabilities and accuracy of the theoretical models. A simple model of the joint is established and the essential parameters to predict its strength and deformational behavior are determined. The equal distribution method reasonably determined the tension forces in the upper two bolts while the linear distribution method underestimated them. The deformation behavior of the tested connections was characterized by separation of the column-flange from the extended end-plate almost down to the level of the upper two bolts of the lower group and below this level the two parts remained in full contact. The neutral axis of the deformed joint is reasonably assumed to pass very close to the line joining the upper two bolts of the lower group. Smooth monotonic moment-rotation relations for the all tested frames were observed.