• PNF and Movement
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2024

Purpose: The prevalent use of mobile devices may contribute to musculoskeletal disorders, such as forward head posture (FHP), among users. The measurement of the craniovertebral angle (CVA) using photographic images is frequently employed in assessing FHP. Although manual CVA measurement using photographic images is reliable in clinical settings, computer programs or mobile applications to support tele-physical therapy are not yet fully developed. Therefore, in the current study, we propose an automatic method for extracting CVA from photographic images of FHP subjects to facilitate tele-physical therapy. Methods: To develop the automatic CVA measuring computer program, photographic images were obtained from 10 FHP participants. The location information obtained from the markers attached to the tragus and the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra were used as coordinates. Using these coordinates, straight line 1 was generated by connecting the seventh spinous process of the cervical vertebra and the tragus, while straight line 2 was drawn parallel to the coordinate obtained from the seventh spinous process of the cervical vertebra. The arc tangent function was used to calculate the angle between the two straight lines. The automatic CVA measurement computer program utilizing photographic images was developed using MATLAB (ver. 2016b). Results: The results showed that the automatic CVA measurement computer program demonstrated stable repeatability and high accuracy. Conclusion: The proposed approach was able to automatically estimate the CVA using photographic images. The developed computer program can potentially be used for easier and more reliable clinical assessment of FHP.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.186-194
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the subjective health status of joints, flexibility of joints, muscle strength and state of Joint exercise in elderly people living in the community. Method: The participants were 74 elderly people in a health program of the Gerontological Health Research Center at G University. The data were collected from March to July, 2003. The instrument for the study included items on general characteristics (5 items), subjective health status of joints (10 items), flexibility of Joints and strength of muscle (8 items), and state of joint exercise (7 items). Results: The score for subjective health status of joints was 3.70 (range 1-5). Knee and waist joints were in the worst state. Neck extension and flexion were $17.38{\pm}1.80$ and $.60{\pm}1.08(cm)$ respectively. Trunk extension and flexion were $68.24{\pm}4.47$ and $58.00{\pm}4.91(cm)$ respectively. Flexibility of the Rt./Lt. shoulder joints was $14.63{\pm}12.51/18.82{\pm}13.80(cm)$. Muscle strength of the Rt./Lt. leg was $30.47{\pm}19.68/29.67{\pm}21.22$ (sec.). Shoulder joints were more flexible for men and people in their sixties compared to women and people in their seventies. Hand grip was stronger for men compared to women. The score for state of joint exercise was 2.83(range 1-4). The state of handgrip correlated with the state of joint exercise [r=.423 (Rt.)/r=.273(Lt.)]. Conclusion: To prevent falls and disorders in neuromuscular function, it is important to develop systemic joint exercise programs for elderly people.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.306-313
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• 2016

Tooth wear is known as a normal physiological process which gradually progresses. It is reported that vertical dimension can be kept stable because amount of physiologically worn loss could be compensated by growth of alveolar bone and tooth eruption. However, excessive tooth wear as pathologic wear can cause pathologic pulp, disharmony with occlusal plane, functional disorders and esthetic problems so that full mouth rehabilitation could be needed in these cases. Recovery of function and esthetic improvement should be considered for alteration of the vertical dimension. Determination of the vertical dimension of occlusion is needed to be in harmony with the neuromuscular system. This clinical report describes 36 year-old female patient who had chief complaint of severely worn dentition and esthetic discomfort. An increase of 2.0 mm at maxillary incisal edge was done to restore vertical dimension. It was based on the degree of tooth wear and esthetics.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.132-139
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• 2016

The progressive attrition of teeth is a normal process by aging. However, excessive tooth wear with decreased vertical dimension of occlusion and collapse of occlusal plane may cause pathologic pulpal condition, occlusal disharmony, functional disorders and esthetic problems. The change of vertical dimension is required in case that there is no sufficient clearance for restoration or in case that the occlusal relationship is modified. For gaining the vertical dimension, a careful diagnosis is essential prior to starting the restoration treatment. After evaluating adaptation of neuromuscular system of patient during provisional phase, the final restorations can be fabricated. In this case, a 78 year old male with severely worn down dentition was treated. To improve the esthetic appearance and to achieve the ideal occlusal relationship, the full mouth rehabilitation with minimal increase of vertical dimension is planned and diagnostic wax-up was performed at the increased vertical dimension. After evaluation of provisional restorations for 12 weeks, final restorations were fabricated and routine clinical assessments were made. After 1 year, the restorations with newly established occlusal scheme are well maintained without significant complications and esthetically and functionally satisfactory results were obtained.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.109-117
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• 2008

Phellinus linteus (Sang Hwang mushroom; P. linteusis) has been widely used for a traditional medicine in Japan, Korea and China. In traditional oriental applications, P. linteus and their extracts have been exclusively used to treat various diseases like insomnia, neurasthenia, gastric ulcers, arthritis, nephritis, stress, asthma, bronchitis, neuromuscular disorders, hypertension and also as an immune system stimulator in cancer therapy. In a number of articles, it is indicated how tremendous their therapeutic values are. According to these studies, P. linteus and their extracts show immunomodulatory activities like enhancing immune system function including anti-tumor activity and inhibiting the growth of existing tumors. P. linteus and their extracts have been being studied for use as immunotherapy agents and biological response modifiers (BRMs) for the possible treatment of cancer without side effects. Recently, the cultured mycelium product of P. linteus has been developed and approved as a medicine in Korea. This review shows not only the current status of methods of developmental technology like artificial culture and various biological applications of P. linteus but also recent market trends of functional foods made from P. linteus.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.255-265
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• 2000

The term 'myositis ossificans' encompasses four categories of clinicopathological disorders. The first, myositis ossificans progressive(fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive), is a rare genetic disease characterized by progressive heterotopic ossification involving skeletal muscle, tendon, ligaments, and fascia, with congenital malformation of the great toes, and usually microdactyly, monophalangism, and mal formed proximal phalanges. with valgus deformity of metatarsophalangeal joint. The ossification begins shortly after birth and may contribute to the patient's death. The second, heterotopic ossificans, can occur in patients with neuromuscular and chronic diseases such as paraplegia, poliomyelitis, polymyositis, bum, tetanus, and infection. But the lesions in these cases often lack the typical histologic features of myositis ossificans. The third, myositis ossificans traumatica, is the most common; it develops in response to soft tissue trauma such as a single severe injury, minor repetitive injures, fracture, joint dislocation, stab wound, or surgical incision. The forth, nontraumatic myositis ossificans, also designated :pseudomalignant osseous tumors of extraskeletal soft tissues' and 'psedomalignant myositis ossificans', occurs in persons repeated small mechanical injures or nonmechanical soft tissue injuries due to local ischemia, inflammation. or other factors cannot be ruled out in such cases.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.723-730
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• 1995

Background: Noninvasive ventilation has been used extensively for the treatment of patients with neuromuscular weakness or restrictive chest wall disorders complicated by hypoventilatory respiratory failure. Recently, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation has been used in patients with alveolar hypoventilation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD), and adult respiratory distress syndrome. Sanders and Kern reported treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with a modification of the standard nasal CPAP device to deliver seperate inspiratory positive airway pressure(IPAP) and expiratory positive airway pressure(EPAP). Bi-level positive airway pressure(BiPAP) unlike nasal CPAP, the unit delivers a different pressure during inspiration from that during expiration. The device is similar to the positive pressure ventilator or pressure support ventilation. Method and purpose: Bi-level positive airway pressure(BiPAP) system(Respironics, USA) was applied to seven patients with acute respiratory failure and three patients on conventional mechanical ventilation. Results: 1) Two of three patients after extubation were successfully achieved weaning from conventional mechanical ventilation by the use of BiPAP ventilation with nasal mask. Five of seven patients with acute respiratory failure successfully recovered without use of conventional mechanical ventilation. 2) $PaO_2$ 1hour after BiPAP ventilation in acute respiratory failure patients significantly improved more than baseline values(p<0.01). $PaCO_2$ 1hour after BiPAP ventilation in acute respiratory failure patients did not change significantly more than baseline values. Conclusion: Nasal mask BiPAP ventilation can be one of the possible alternatives of conventional mechanical ventilation in acute respiratory failure and supportive method for weaning from mechanical ventilation.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.50-54
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• 2019

Muscular dystrophy (MD) is a heterogeneous group of inherited neuromuscular disorders, characterized by progressive muscle weakness. Severity of the disease ranges from mild to severe, and the disease is mostly caused by mutations in a number of genes. These genetic mutations cause lack of proteins which are essential for muscle cell stability. Muscle fibers are gradually replaced by fat and fibrous tissue. The muscles of the head and neck are affected in several types of MD that manifest as altered craniofacial morphology and dental malocclusion. A 3-year-10-month old, 15.0 kg boy with MD presented to Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea because of extensive carious teeth. A number of dental caries in primary dentition were identified during clinical oral examination. Due to dental anxiety and underlying systemic disease, general anesthesia was considered. General anesthesia was induced and maintained with intravenous anesthetics, propofol and remifentanil. Caries treatments - resin restoration, pulpectomy, zirconia crown restoration, stainless steel crown restoration - were performed. Under general anesthesia, successful dental procedure was done. Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) was performed instead of inhalation anesthesia in order to avoid risk of complications such as malignant hyperthermia and life-threatening rhabdomyolysis. With decreasing muscle function, plaque control becomes more difficult and leads to gingivitis. Especially, the open-mouth posture worsens gingivitis and can leads to malocclusions and problems in swallowing. Regular and periodic dental care is essential for maintaining oral health for patients with MD.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2023

Purpose: Hallux valgus (HV) is one of the most common chronic foot disorders, occurring when the first toe deviates laterally toward the other toe. HV impairs muscle strength and affects gait function (postural sway and gait speed). Thus, this study aims to investigate using the FDM system the effect of wearing braces on gait while wearing a virtual reality (VR) device. Methods: This study was conducted on 28 healthy adults with HV of 15 degrees or more. To compare differences in walking, depending on whether a toe brace can be worn, the subject walked without wearing anything, walked after wearing the VR device, and walked after wearing the VR device and the toe brace, and the FDM system was used for the gait ability measurement analysis. Results: As a result of a one-way repeated analysis of variance, the walking speed-related variables (cadence, velocity, etc.) in the HV group were higher during comfortable walking. In addition, walking while wearing a VR device and walking while wearing a VR device and a toe brace demonstrated more significant values in terms of six gait parameters (double stance phase, loading response, stage, stage, stage, and stage). The maximum pressure of the forefoot was significantly reduced when walking while wearing a VR device and a toe brace compared to comfortable walking, but in all variables, there was no statistically significant difference between walking while wearing a VR device and walking while wearing a VR device and a toe brace. Conclusion: Orthosis with a VR device during gait (OVG) and gait with a VR device (GVR) affect gait in HV patients. However, there was no significant difference between GVR and OVG. Thus, it is necessary to conduct experiments on various HV angles and increase the duration of wearing the toe brace.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.574-585
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• 2023

Sarcopenia is a leading cause of increased medical and nursing care costs among the elderly. In Korea, preventive measures for sarcopenia are mostly targeted toward the general elderly population without specific diseases. However, it is also necessary to implement measures for elderly individuals living in nursing homes and hospitals, where the prevalence of sarcopenia is high. Currently, computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging are considered standard diagnostic tools. However, their complexity and time-consuming nature make them unsuitable for clinical use. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms of sarcopenia are unclear, as they involve various molecular biological pathways, including decreased exercise, protein and nutrient intake, changes in testosterone and growth hormone, and inflammation. Sarcopenia symptoms can lead to several diseases, such as osteoporosis, fractures, dementia, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Vitamin B deficiency is a significant factor in sarcopenia induction, with B vitamins being directly involved in energy and protein metabolism and nerve function. Vitamin B deficiency can lead to neuromuscular and neurogenic disorders, which often overlap with sarcopenia. Suboptimal intake of B vitamins, malabsorption, and anorexia are common among the elderly. This study aims to provide information on the role of water-soluble B vitamins in preventing and controlling muscle mass loss and deterioration among the elderly with sarcopenia. In addition, we discuss the potential of myokines from the B vitamin family in modulating sarcopenia.