• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.67-75
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• 2010

Network reprogramming is a technology that allows several sensor nodes deployed in sensor field to be repaired remotely. Unlike general communication in sensor network where small amount of data is transferred, network reprogramming requires reliable transfer of large amount of data. The existing network reprogramming techniques suffers high cost and large energy consumption to recover data loss in node communication. In this paper, a cluster based network reporgramming scheme is proposed for sensor network. It divides sensor field into several clusters and chooses a cluster header in charge of data relay to minimize duplicated transmission and unnecessary competition. It increases reliability by effective error recovery through status table.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2010

As wireless sensor network are being deployed in a wide variety of application areas, the number of sensor nodes in a sensor filed becomes larger and larger. In the past, ISP (In-System Programming) method have been generally used for code update but the large number of sensor nodes requires a new code update method called network reprogramming. There are many challenging issues for network reprogramming since it can make an impact on the network lifetime. In this paper, a new sender selection scheme for network reprogramming protocol is proposed to decrease energy consumption for code update by minimizing overlapped area between sender nodes and reducing data contention. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can reduce the amount of message traffic and the overall data transmission time.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.181-183
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• 2005

Network Reprogramming 에서는 코드 전파가 완료되기까지 걸리는 시간과 에너지 소모가 문제가 된다. 지금까지의 연구들은 에너지 소모를 줄이기 위해서 완료시간을 줄이는 방법에 초점을 두었지만 제한된 에너지를 사용해야 하는 센서 네트워크에서는 전송된 메시지에 의한 에너지 소모도 고려해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 코드 전파 시 전송 메시지 개수를 최소로 하는 DANP를 제시한다. DANP는 각 노드가 이웃 노드에 대한 정보를 이용하여 advertisement 주기를 적절히 늘려서 모든 경우의 Density에 대해서 코드 전파의 효율성을 높인다.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.55-61
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• 2022

In this work, we report a highly deformable covalent adaptable-liquid crystal elastomer (CA-LCE) comprising dynamic thiourea bonds that enable macromolecular network rearrangement at elevated temperatures. The exchange of chain network is verified through stress-relaxation analyses and follows Arrhenius-type behavior. The unique capability of rearranging the chain network in the CA-LCE provides useful properties, such as welding, melt reprocessing, and shape reprogramming, that cannot be achieved by the conventional LCE comprising permanent crosslinks. Reversible actuation is further demonstrated by reprogramming the polydomain CA-LCE into a monodomain via mechanical stretching at elevated temperatures.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.25-32
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• 2019

This paper proposes the method of an in-vehicle gateway to reduce the reprogramming time for the ECU (Electronic Control Unit). In order to reduce the reprogramming time, the gateway must prohibit transmitting messages, that are not related to reprogramming, to the destination CAN network, and no ECU should diagnose the DTC(Diagnostic Trouble Code) that indicates CAN communication error caused by prohibiting CAN messages by the gateway. Moreover, STmin, which are the minimum time between two consecutive CAN messages, should be minimized. In order to do this, this paper proposes the method that uses the link control command specified in UDS(Unified Diagnostic Services) and hardware based gateway functionality that are supported by the latest MCU(Micro Controller Unit). The proposed method is developed using TC275 based embedded system, and its results are presented.

• BMB Reports
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• v.49 no.10
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• pp.527-528
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• 2016

In embryonic stem cells (ESCs), cell cycle regulation is deeply connected to pluripotency. Especially, core transcription factors (CTFs) which are essential to maintaining the pluripotency transcription programs should be reset during M/G1 transition. However, it remains unknown about how CTFs are governed during cell cycle progression. Here, we describe that the regulation of Oct4 by Aurora kinase b (Aurkb)/protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) axis during the cell cycle is important for resetting Oct4 to pluripotency and cell cycle related target genes in determining the identity of ESCs. Aurkb starts to phosphorylate Oct4(S229) at the onset of G2/M phase, inducing the dissociation of Oct4 from chromatin, whereas PP1 binds Oct4 and dephosphorylates Oct4(S229) during M/G1 transition, which resets Oct4-driven transcription for pluripotency and the cell cycle. Furthermore, Aurkb phosphormimetic and PP1 binding-deficient mutations in Oct4 disrupt the pluripotent cell cycle, lead to the loss of pluripotency in ESCs, and decrease the efficiency of somatic cell reprogramming. Based on our findings, we suggest that the cell cycle is directly linked to pluripotency programs in ESCs.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.241-248
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• 2010

The population of the elderly is rapidly increased because maturation of the social welfare system and development of medical technology. However, welfare environments for the elderly are poor either in its quality or its quantity. The aims of this study is to confirm the space improvement possibility to change the Gyung Ro Dang to the senior life support center as a community welfare service network. This study is done by the comparative analysis between existing Gyung Ro Dang in korea and former cases in Japan based on the elderly's facility preference. The facility's space reprogramming alternative from that analysis is applied to change the Gyung Ro Dang to a network facility for the regional senior life support. Afterward, it is proposed that first, facilities should be expanded scale by the new education and health improvement facilities functional room that the modern elderly need. second, Facility space will be reconstitution because the Gyung Ro Dang have to be extended it's role as a community welfare network.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.596-603
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• 2019

A reprogramming operation is necessary to update the software code of the node to change or update the functionality of the deployed node in wireless sensor networks. This paper proposes an optimization algorithm that minimizes the transmission energy of a node for the purpose of reprogramming a node in wireless sensor networks. We also design an algorithm that keeps energy consumption of all nodes balanced in order to maintain the lifetime of the network. In this paper, we propose a Tabu search algorithm with a new neighborhood generation method for minimizing transmission energy and energy consumption in wireless sensor networks with many nodes. The proposed algorithm is designed to obtain optimal results within a reasonable execution time. The performance of the proposed Tabu search algorithm was evaluated in terms of the node's transmission energy, remaining energy, and algorithm execution time. The performance evaluation results showed better performance than the previous methods.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1123-1126
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• 2005

This paper introduces the key features of NCS (Network based Control System), which is quite a new concept in the industrial automation market. Two control systems "DCS" and "PLC" have been recognized as control systems used for process and factory automation during the past decades. However, the market requires more complex functionality, such as monitoring and operation, alarm handling and notification from remote locations using the Web or e-mail. Besides enhancing functionality, interoperability between each device and system is highly required since network and engineering tools provided by many vendors do not cooperate with each others, so that lots of conversion, reconfiguration and reprogramming are required when expanding systems. NCS can meet this requirement, installing leading-edged IT technology using international standards for network and engineering environment. NCS, which is a harmony of web functionality, networkability and a reliable control function, enables information integration and responding to the market's requirements with agility and high reliability.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.313-318
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• 2014

Recently, Ethernet-based Diagnostic Over Internet Protocol (DoIP) was applied to automotive systems, and in-vehicle gateways have been introduced to integrate Ethernet with traditional in-vehicle networks, such as the local interconnect network (LIN), controller area network (CAN) and FlexRay. The introduction of in-vehicle gateways and of Ethernet based diagnostic protocols not only decreases the complexity of the networks, but also reduces the update time for ECU software reprogramming while enabling the use of a range of services, including remote diagnostics. In this paper, a diagnostic gateway was implement for an automotive system, and the performance measurements are presented. In addition, a range of applications provided by the diagnostic gateway are proposed.