• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.505-513
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• 2017

최근, 더욱 상세하고 정확한 추정 결과를 위해 소지역추정(small area estimation; SAE)의 연구가 많이 진행되고 있다. 그 중 공간회귀모형 (spatial regression model)을 이용한 방법이 주를 이루고 있는데 이를 사용하기 위해서는 공간이웃 (spatial neighbor)의 정의가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 공간이웃을 정의하는 방법으로 도로네 삼각망 (Delaunay triangulation; DT)을 소개하고 k-최근접 (k-nearest neighbor; KNN)과 비교하여 분석한다. 두 가지 공간이웃을 정의하는 방법중에서 어떤 방법으로 이웃을 정의하는 것이 효율적인지 알아보기 위해 시뮬레이션을 실시하였고, 지가 (land price)데이터를 이용하여 실 데이터를 분석하였다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.372-383
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the current state and trends of factors influencing the quality of life in low- income elders living at home. Methods: To carry out this study we established the patient, intervention, comparison, outcomes (PICO) strategy, reviewed 241 published documents from both national and international electronic databases, and finally selected 9 references based on inclusion and exclusion criteria alone. The quality of selected references was assessed using 15 questions. Two reviewers independently examined titles and abstracts and assessed whether each met the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The following factors were significantly associated with quality of life in low- income elders: (1) demographic factors such as number of children, income, and age; (2) health - related factors such as joint exercise capacity, activities of daily living/instrumental activities of daily living, health perception, health promotion behavior, and depression; and (3) socio environmental factors such as family support, community-based service program, leisure activity, and the number of neighborhoods involved. Conclusion: The results of our study provide a definite basis for the development of a policy strategy to improve the quality of life in elders with low income and we hence strongly recommend that any strategy to improve the quality of life in low-income elders be based on the results of our study.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.179-194
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• 2009

도시에서 범죄는 해당 지역 인구의 사회경제적 특징과 공간적 상호관계를 반영한다. 범죄의 피의자와 피해자 사이의 상호작용은 범죄패턴의 공간적 자기상관으로 나타난다. 이러한 범죄의 공간자기상관은 일반적인 최소자승모델에서 편향된 추정치를 제공하여 잘못된 해석으로 이어질 수 있다. 본 연구는 도시주거범죄로서 2000년에 오하이오주 콜럼버스에서 발생한 주거 강도와 절도를 분석 하였다. 특히 주거 범죄율의 공간적 분포패턴은 공간자기상관을 반영하는 아이겐벡터(Eigenvector)를 이용하여 최소자승모델로 분석 하였다. 아이겐 벡터를 이용한 공간자기상관의 필터링은 기존의 모델에서는 잔차에 남아있던 공간자기상관 요소를 설명하기 때문에, 더 효율적인 추정을 가능하게 하였다. 경제적 궁핍과 범죄의 기회가 주거범죄율을 추정하는데 통계적으로 유의미한 요인이었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.40-49
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• 2009

Urban park facilities and services offer a number of opportunities to fulfill individual, social, economic, and environmental benefits. Urban parks, provided through political measures as public goods, require balanced distribution in order to ensure social equity. The primary objectives of this study are to analyze the accessibility of urban parks and to examine whether urban parks are distributed equitably. GIS and statistical methods were used to investigate correlations between accessibility to neighborhood parks and socioeconomic status. As results, percentage of low-income population within the city was negatively related to park accessibility. Low-income dominated residential area, such as Sujeong-gu and Jungwon-gu have large low-income communities and less park accessibility compared with Bundang-gu, which are dominated by high-income residents. So, results from this study indicate that urban parks are not distributed equitably within Seongnam city. Therefore, creative strategies to provide urban parks for areas in need through the utilization of vacant lots, abandoned sites, and schools sites are necessary. Furthermore, budgetary priorities should be set to create new parks and revitalizing parks within the city's older neighborhoods are also needed.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.615-625
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 영상의 에지검출을 하는데 사용되는 여러 가지 윈도우 배치(window configurations)하에서 통계학의 이표본 위치문제(two-sample location problem)에서 대표적인 Wilcoxon 검정과 T-검정에 기초한 에지검출법에 대해 논의하고자 한다. 영상의 에지검출하는데 윈도우 배치 선택은 에지검출 성능을 결정하는 중요한 요소이다. 본 논문에서 에지는 선택된 윈도우 배치 하에서 에지-높이 모수(edge-height parameter)를 사용한 에지 모형 하에서 두 근방 영역간의 유의한 차이가 있는지를 검정함으로서 결정한다. 영상 실험에서 윈도우 배치에 따른 통계적 검정에 의한 에지검출 성능은 에지 맵(edge map)을 통한 정성적인 비교와 객관적인 척도하에서 정량적인 비교 그리고 CPU 계산시간까지 고려하여 분석하였다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.107-119
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• 2016

Objectives: This study aims at examining the association of sense of community with community participation for health promotion in urban areas of Korea. Methods: We analyzed data from 'Community Capacity for Healthy Gangdong Communites' Survey' in 2007. The survey was based on self-reported questionnaires, which were distributed to 1,800 community residents over the age of nineteen in five administrative communities of Gangdong-gu, Seoul, in Korea by using proportionate probability sampling method. We measured 'Sense of community' with four indicators including 'Good neighborhoods', 'Perceived possibility of cooperation', 'Pride of community' and 'Possibility of development' by using 5-point Likert scales. Community participation was measured with the experience rate or the extent of participation by 5-point Likert scales in seven community actions or activities including voting, community program planning, social actions, etc. We examined the association of sense of community with community participation by using regression analyses. Results: This study has shown that sense of community was associated with and made positive impacts on community participation in diverse community actions or activities in urban communities. Conclusions: For promoting community health in urban areas, we can increase community participation more effectively with the efforts of enhancing sense of community.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.5043-5047
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• 2013

Background: This is a part of a larger effort to characterize the effects on socio-economic factors (SEFs) on cancer outcome. Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result (SEER) bone and joint sarcoma (BJS) data were used to identify potential disparities in cause specific survival (CSS). Materials and Methods: This study analyzed SEFs in conjunction with biologic and treatment factors. Absolute BJS specific risks were calculated and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were computed for predictors. Actuarial survival analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meier method. Kolmogorov-Smirnov's 2-sample test was used to for comparing two survival curves. Cox proportional hazard model was used for multivariate analysis. Results: There were 13501 patients diagnosed BJS from 1973 to 2009. The mean follow up time (SD) was 75.6 (90.1) months. Staging was the highest predictive factor of outcome (ROC area of 0.68). SEER stage, histology, primary site and sex were highly significant pre-treatment predictors of CSS. Under multivariate analysis, patients living in low income neighborhoods and rural areas had a 2% and 5% disadvantage in cause specific survival respectively. Conclusions: This study has found 2-5% decrement of CSS of BJS due to SEFs. These data may be used to generate testable hypothesis for future clinical trials to eliminate BJS outcome disparities.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.147-157
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• 2007

에지검출은 컴퓨터비전과 영상처리 시스템에서 널리 사용되는 단계이다. 본 논문에서는 잡음영상에서 효율적인 에지검출을 위해 이표본 위치 문제에서 월콕슨 검정의 대안인 로버스트 순위-순서 검정에 기초한 새로운 검출법을 제안하였다. 제안된 방법은 $\delta$-에지모형하에서 $5\times5$ 윈도우의 부분 픽셀만으로 구성된 근방영역 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는지를 조사하였다. 제안된 에지 검출법의 성능을 평가하기 위해 실제영상과 인조영상을 가지고 영상실험을 통하여 얻은 에지맵과 객관적인 척도하에서 양적으로 비교 분석하였다.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.835-847
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• 2016

공간통계 방법 중 지역에 대한 어떤 집합체 자료나 평균자료들을 분석하는데 일반적으로 공간적 자기회귀(conditionally autoregressive) 모형을 사용한다. 공간적 자기회귀 모형에 정의되는 공간적 이웃 소지역들은 중점의 거리나 근접성으로 정의된다. Kyung과 Ghosh (2010)는 방향에 따라서 이웃간 자기상관성의 크기가 다른 공간적 확장 모형을 제시하였다. 제안된 방향적 조건부 자기회귀(directional conditionally autoregressive) 모형은 고유 이방성을 모형화하여 기존의 CAR과정을 일반화한다. 제시한 방향적 조건부 자기회귀모형의 최대우도 추정량의 특성에 대해 설명하였고, 스코틀랜드 그레이터 글래스고우의 로그변환된 부동산 가격에 적용하여 조건부 자기회귀모형과 비교하였다.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2020

Converting vacant lands for urban agriculture has become a popular topic for American cities to engage in on a program and policy level. The advocates of urban agriculture cite a number of potential benefits, ranging from promoting sustainable urban development, fostering social interaction and educational opportunities, regenerating neighborhoods, and empowering residents. With the emergence of vacant lands in South Korea, different strategies have been implemented for productive use. Nonetheless, less attention has been paid to reinvent vacant lands for urban agriculture. Therefore, this study has examined the case of the City of Milwaukee's vacant land initiatives and programs that were known to have brought a series of positive neighborhood revitalization outcomes. Compared to the case of Milwaukee, intensive land use and high property prices have turned to be the major actors that prevent an active use of vacant land for urban agriculture within the context of South Korean cities. Thus, this paper proposes the possibility of using vacant lands in apartment complexes for urban agriculture.