• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.137-143
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• 1998

Intramuscular injection(IM) into the gluteal muscles is a common route of medication, but may lead to complications. A retrospective review of 32 patients who required surgical treatment for local complications of buttock injections in children was made at the Taegu Fatima Hospital during a seven-year nine-month period (March 1990 to December 1997). Local complications included acute inflammation, cellulitis and abscess(71.9 %), and fat necrosis(21.9 %), and injection granuloma(6.2 %). Over the half of injections were on the upper and outer quadrant of the buttock, but the other 43.7 % were in the upper and inner or lower and outer quadrant which are considered unsuitable sites for intramuscular injection. The majority of complications developed within fat tissue(90.6 %) rather than within muscle(9.4 %). Two-thirds of the patients were under 2 years of age, this suggests that it is technically difficult to accurately administer IM injections in small children because muscle mass is smaller compared to subcutaneous. In addition subcutaneous fat is more susceptible to chemical irritation. Staph. aureus was the predominant organism, isolated in 84.6 % of the patients with abscesses. Treatment consisted of needle aspiration, incision and drainage, curettage, or surgical excision. In conclusion, the major factor that contributes to complications following IM of the buttock appears to be the inadvertent intrafat rather than of IM injection. Accurate injection into the muscles based on a knowledge of pelvic anatomy as well as the potential complications is necessary to prevent complications.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.73-77
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• 2020

Ovarian cancer is common malignant disease with high mortality in the female. However, lymph node metastasis in the head and neck of ovarian cancer is very rare than in para-aortic, pelvic lymph node. A 49-year-old female patient came to our clinic with a left neck mass. After total thyroidectomy and left selective neck dissection for the cervical neck level II, III, IV, V, VI for ovarian cancer and thyroid cancer, she had already undergone chemotherapy (Paclitaxel+Carboplatin) 18 month ago. CT scan showed only lymph node enlargement in left neck level II. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) revealed a hypermetabolic lesion in same area but no other hypermetabolic lesion, especially in the pelvic and abdominal cavity. Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed metastatic carcinoma. The serum level of CA-125 was elevated to 43.8U/mL, whereas other tumor markers (CA 19-9, CEA) were in the normal range. She underwent a revision of selective neck lymph node dissection for the cervical neck levels I, II, and III, and on the review of surgical pathology, metastatic carcinoma was suspected. Thus, we performed immunohistochemical staining for the tissue; as a result, it was finally diagnosed as metastatic ovarian cancer (positive for CK7, ER and PR, and negative for CK20). Adjuvant chemotherapy (Paclitaxel+Carboplatin) was planned on the tumor board, and the patient successfully received chemotherapy.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.247-253
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• 2006

Pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland typically presents as painless, mobile mass of long duration, and originate in the superficial lobe but, more rarely these tumors may involve the deep lobe of the parotid gland. The average size of a parotid neoplasm is 2 to 4 cm. The effective treatment of parotid pleomorphic adenoma is surgical excision. The simple excision or enucleation resulted in recurrence rate of 45% in benign tumor. Therefore, the superficial parotidectomy with identification and preservation of the facial nerve is now the most widely accepted surgery. We report a case of the huge pleomorphic adenoma of the left parotid gland in a 67-year-old man who complained the large mass, measured about $10\times7\times5$cm-sized, in front of the left ear and on the mandibular ascending ramus. The diagnosis was confirmed by the clinical examination, computed tomographic scan, fine needle aspiration, and incisional biopsy. Superficial parotidectomy including the tumor and preservation of the facial nerve using the modified Blair approach was performed. And satisfactory results have been obtained cosmetically and functionally.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.108-113
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• 2013

The study compared the cytological features of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in liquid-based preparations (LBPs) and conventional Pap (CP) smears from fine needle aspiration (FNA), and assessed the feasibility of LBP using the Cell Scan $1500^{TM}$ processor on thyroid FNA samples. Thyroid FNA samples were obtained from 883 consecutive patients. Each sample was divided into two and used for LBPs and CP smears. All were screened independently in a double-blind manner. From the 883 cases, 95 cases were diagnosed as PTC in one or both types of preparation (10.8%). PTC was diagnosed via CP smears in 83 cases (87.4%) and via LBPs in 70 cases (73.7%). However, there were differences in categorization between the paired preparations: Twelve (12) PTCs were misinterpreted in CP smears and 25 PTCs in LBPs. There was a significant discrepancy in the rate of detection of the diagnostic features, with LBPs having a lower detection rate. One (1) case (1.2%) of CP smears and 16 cases (22.9%) of LBPs were categorized as unsatisfactory/nondiagnostic in a total of the 95 PTCs. To conclude, the detection rate of the diagnostic features of PTC is lower in Cell Scan 1500TM samples than in CP smears. However, there are some cases in which a diagnosis of PTC is made in LBPs, but not in CP smears. Therefore, definitive cancer diagnosis in thyroid FNA preparations is likely to result from agreement between direct smears and Cell Scan 1500TM preparations.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.62-68
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• 1997

Acinic cell carcinoma is a slow-growing solid neoplasm of salivary gland. Although their cytological and histological finding is bland-looking, their biological behavior is unpredictable. We experienced two cases of acinic cell carcinoma of the salivary gland diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy and confirmed by tissue examination. They showed different clinical courses. We compared their cytologic and histologic findings. The first case was a right preauricular mass in a 58 year-old female of 3 years duration. The cytologic smear revealed sheets or small clusters of monotonous cells mimicking normal serous acinar cells with little cellular pleomorphism. She underwent superficial parotid lobectomy. The tumor was a well demarcated 1.5cm sized nodular mass without infiltration into surrounding parenchyme. The second case was a left submandibular mass in a 23 year-old male of 4 years duration. The smear showed more severe pleomorphism of the tumor cells than those of previous case. Excisional biopsy was done. The excised tumor was $5.5{\times}3.5{\times}3cm$ sized multilobulated solid mass with invasion into surrounding parenchyme. The tumor recurred after 20months, thus total excision of the mass and modified radical neck dissection was carried out. From the above findings, cytologic atypism, infiltrative growth pattern and type of initial therapy may be correlated with biologic behavior.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.216-218
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• 2002

A 38-year-old man, who was diagnosed nasopharyngeal carcinoma (stage T4N2Mx) had rapidly growing lower neck mass (at level IV area) with local inflammation sign during concurrent chemoradiotherapy. After we performed Color Doppler sonography and fine needle aspiration biopsy of the neck mass, we differentiated neck soft tissue infection from tumor extension. Size of the mass decreased after antibiotics therapy. It was difficult to differentiate neck infection from tumor progression during treatment in naspharyngeal carcinoma.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.329-332
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• 2008

Purpose: Microcystic adnexal carcinoma is a rare malignant appendage tumor, first described by Goldstein et al in 1982. Here, we present our experience in treatment of a case on the lower lip. Methods: A 52-year-old female with an asymptomatic nodule on the chin, previously misdiagnosed as trichoadenoma by needle aspiration biopsy, was treated by wide excision combined with multiple circumferential frozen biopsies. Results: Pathological examination revealed typical features of microcystic adnexal carcinoma, such as basaloid and squamous cells forming nests and cord-like patterns, horn cysts, and minimal cytologic atypia. The patient has been followed up for 6 months. No sign of recurrence is noted to date. Conclusion: Differentiation from other benign adnexal neoplasms is important for its appropriate treatment. Differentiation can be difficult histologically because it is difficult to acquire an adequate biopsy due to its invasiveness, and clinically due to its asymptomatic and slow growing features. Complete excision is the key treatment, but it may not always be the best solution considering the huge defect that may result and the low incidence of metastasis & deaths owing to the tumor. We add this case to the approximately 300 cases reported worldwide with a review of literature.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.62-66
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• 2016

Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) caused by community-associated (CA)-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have become a worldwide concern. An otherwise healthy 16-month-old Korean girl was admitted because of skin abscess on the left chest wall with a history of recurrent SSTIs since the age of 6 months. Immunologic evaluation including serum immunoglobulin level and nitroblue-tetrazolium (NBT) test were normal. Pus and nasal swab cultures revealed CA-MRSA ST714-SCCmec type IV with the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes, which was initially reported in the Netherlands in 2006 and has not been previously reported in Korea. The skin abscesses were successfully treated by needle aspiration and the use of antibiotics. In addition, nasal mupirocin was applied as a decolonization method. No more episodes of SSTI were observed over a follow-up period of 10 months.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.355-360
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• 2006

Four dogs with similar respiratory signs were referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Seoul National University. The clinical signs observed in these cases were anorexia, nasal discharge, sneezing, epistaxis, ocular discharge, and exophthalmoses. The routine laboratory tests revealed leukocytosis in two cases. On the skull radiographs, soft tissue density filled nasal cavity with loss of turbinate detail and increased density in frontal sinuses were found in all cases. Lysis of nasal bone was seen in two cases. Lysis of zygomatic arch was seen in one case. On computed tomography scan images, asymmetrical destruction of turbinate and nasal septum, and the superimposition of a soft tissue mass over the turbinate with peripheral contrast enhanced effect were identified in all cases. Destruction of ipsilateral orbital bone and invasion to retrobulbar region were visualized in all cases. In addition, all cases had lysis of cribriform plate. Lysis of nasal bone and destruction of hard palate were seen in two cases. Swelling of submandibular lymph node and salivary gland was seen in a case. Invasion to brain was identified in a case. All cases were diagnosed as nasal adenocarcinoma by cytology with fine needle aspiration and curettage.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 1990

A total of 129 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of primary lung cancer were treated at Dep. of Thoracic k Cardiovascular Surgery, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, between July, 1981 and Dec., 1988. Particular emphasis was given in this review to the 72 patients that underwent surgical resection of their primary lung lesion. Factors such as histology, type of resection, sex, age, staging, and degree of dissemination were considered possible influences on survival. The age group of fifty k sixty decade occupied 55.8 %, and the youngest being 24 years and oldest 78 years. The incidence ratio of male to female was 3,2:1. The subjective symptoms of the patients were coughing [72.6%], chest pain [48.2%] and hemoptysis [35.6%], which were due to primary local influence. The confirmed diagnostic procedures were bronchoscopic biopsy, sputum cytology needle aspiration biopsy, open lung biopsy, anterior mediastinotomy & lymph node biopsy. By pathologic classifications, the squamous cell carcinoma was the most prevalent, 67 cases [51.9 %], and the adenocarcinoma in 36 cases [27.9%], undifferentiated small cell carcinoma in 13 cases [10.1 %], undifferentiated large cell carcinoma in 9 cases [6.9%], bronchioloalveolar carcinoma was 4 cases [3.1%]. The lymph node dissection with pneumonectomy [42 cases], lobectomy [14 cases] and pneumonectomy [6 cases], lobectomy [9 cases] without lymph node dissection were performed. The post operative TNM Staging[AJC] in 72 cases were Stage I in 24 cases, Stage II in 27 cases, and Stage III in 21 cases. Overall resectable was possible in 72 cases [55.8 %], and the operation mortality was 5.6 % [4 cases].