• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.2 s.111
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• pp.115-131
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• 2007

By the turn of the century, our society has been gradually more interested in environmental problems than any other time. Ecological change spurred by industrial pollution is occurring beyond the borders of nations, and has emerged as a global issue. Such change is resulting in exhaustion of natural resources and energy, and serious climatic change. In this study, main focus regarding the process of the fashion product design system was placed on the sustainable fashion design of organic cotton as a positive and alternative suggestion. It is expected that the results of this study contribute to the fashion design planning not only for future generation but also for the present time. This study researched on brands that produced their fashion products using organic cotton. The following cases proved to possess sustainability in their product system. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: Firstly, sustainable design in organic cotton products has been a progressive ere-design in 2000s. It is mainly focus concerned with recycling and re-use of materials to protect environment. It is not chemical dependant and takes a particular care in eliminating waste water and energy in the dyeing process. It is an environmentally sustainable design better than all the other design processes. Secondly, it is a design that cares for the common good of society and the global system of fair trading. The fair trading of organic cotton products induced a change in the structure of production system, while defending human rights. It also gave benefits by promoting development in local society and progress in traditional skills. Not to mention that it contributed to building up the concept of transparency in the global economic system. Lastly, the brands emphasize their social responsibility and management ethics to observe environmental policy which is established to protect our nature and people. Their public information reminds customers of the importance of protecting the environment from diverse pollution. Moreover, they hold social events to promote public awareness for environmental Issues. This study dealt only with the organic cotton, a small subset of the subject of sustainable design. It can be extended and applied to various other sustainable fashion design as a solution for global environmental issues.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.142-146
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to evaluate topographic characteristics revealed in the predicted distribution areas of Aporia crataegi, according to climate change. Towards this end, this study compared the differences of topographic factors, such as altitude, mountain slope and the aspect of slope, in the distribution areas with different potential inhabitation possibilities of the Aporia crataegi. The inhabitation possibilities of the Aporia crataegi were different, according to altitude and topographic slope, and the inhabitation possibility is judged to be affected more by the topographic conditions including altitude and mountain slope than by the aspect of slope. Especially, the inhabitation possibility of the Aporia crataegi was higher in the higher altitude area, as time goes on furthermore. The reason is that the current climate environment, which is suitable for the potential inhabitation of the Aporia crataegi, is forecast to be formed with an area with high altitude. Although the difference in the aspect of slope was not statistically significant according to inhabitation possibility, the reason why the inhabitation possibility of the Aporia crataegi varies in the mainly southeast slope is conjectured to be derived from the warmer heat environmental condition to grow from a larva into an imago. The result drawn in this study is expected to be utilized as basic data to establish a policy soundly preserving and managing the habitat of biospecies in consideration of climate change and topographic conditions in the natural ecosystem field by using the already built up various biological resources information.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.1
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• pp.60-72
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• 2006

The aim of this paper is to identify and evaluate relations for forest greening and the firewood substitution for home use after 1945 Liberation of Korea. Korea faced serious forest degradation by the early 1960s due to the enormous firewood consumption, which was about ten million cubic meters annually, for home use. If the trend of firewood consumption was maintained until 1955's, the total forest area in Korea could be thoroughly degraded within 10 years. The firewood substitution for home use had to be solved as soon as possible. For this purpose, energy sector by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry carried out the substitution policy for home using the briquettes which was the only natural resources for energy produced in Korea. Firewood was prohibited being carried in the major cities by forestry sector, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, from 1958. Only 5.2% of household in the cities used the forest products consumed as a fuel in 1970 because these inter-sectoral substitution measures of firewood for home use turned out a success gradually. After the 1970s, firewood consumption for home use was naturally decreased due to rural people's explosive move to cities, who were major consumers of firewood for home use at that time. Firewood for cooking was substituted by LPG gas after 1985 and firewood for house heating was substituted by coal and oil after 1980. Finally, on the basis of the firewood substitution for home use, the forest degradation that lasted over one hundred years was put a period.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.29-43
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• 2012

This study evaluated 23 botanic gardens and arboretums under two main categories including professional group and operational group. As for professional group, the main difference between the functions of botanic gardens and arboretums was analyzed. In the case of operational group compared professional group respectively, on categories including importance of function and implementation, seeking to provide fundamental data of botanic gardens and arboretums by enhancing the quality of visitors and examining functional differences. The result of a difference in arboretums' function between professional and operational groups, the study analyzed the importance of botanic gardens and arboretums in terms of detailed categories such as research, education, collection, display, retention, and service for visitors. As a result, professional group showed retention 4.32>education 4.11>research 4.09>service for visitors 4.05, and operational group showed retention 3.70>service 3.52>education 3.41>research 3.37, indicating that both groups had retention as the most selected answer. Looking closely at the functions of the currently implemented detailed categories of botanic gardens and arboretums, such as research, education, collection, display, retention, and service for visitors, the study showed that 91.3% selected rare species and individual multiplication for research function, 78.3% chose education of natural ecosystem for children for education, 73.9% answered space for experiencing nature for display, and 73.9% also replied managon, diof rare species, reproduction, and retention of native plants' species for retention category, and service for visitors showed 95.7% for implementation. The study could not clearly point out the influence between predictors due to absence of an established comprehensive evaluation model. Also, it analyzed and reviewed comparison of functions of professional group and operational group, but in the future, it should conduct study on a systemic and objective classification of botanic gardens and arboretums to clearly examine the difference in views between groups, which also requires, at the same time, study on management policy of botanic gardens and arboretums or suggesting guidelines that suit types of forms, and also study on facilities and program development that can be applied to each class.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.19-26
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• 2014

International attention on the Northern Sea Route has been increased as the decreased sea-ice extents in Northern Sea raise the possibility to develop new sea routes and natural resources. However, to protect ships' safety and pristine environments in polar waters, International Maritime Organization(IMO) has been developing the Polar Code to regulate polar shipping. The marine navigation supporting system is essential for ships traveling long distance in the Northern Sea as they are affected by ocean weather and sea-ice. Therefore, to cope with the IMO Polar Code, this research proposes the functional requirements to develop the marine navigation supporting system for the Northern Sea Route. The functional requirements derived from the IMO Polar code consist of arctic voyage risk map, arctic voyage planning and MSI(Marine Safety Information) methods, based on which the navigation supporting system is able to provide dynamic and safe-economical sea route service using the sea-ice observation and prediction technologies. Also, a requirement of the system application is derived to apply the marine navigation supporting system for authorizing ships operating in the Northern Sea. To reflect the proposed system in the Polar Code, continual international exchange and policy proposals are necessary along with the development of sea-ice observation and prediction technologies.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.18 no.3 s.39
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• pp.171-190
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• 1990

It is the purpose of this study to address how to manage the urban vegitation using the concept of Urban Forestry which is relatively new to Korea. When we consider the Urban Forestry as a science, We should understand it interdisciplinary subject which includes Forestry, Horticulture, Urban Planning, Landscape Design, Landuse Planning, Business and Humanities. It may say that people and tree are the fundermental components of Urban Forestry. So there are two ways of Urban Forestry Applications-How people care for trees and How trees care for People-. For the application, this study places the focus on the monetary valuation, tree inventory system and traditional forestry application to urban forest management. Pubic Relation, Communication, Ordinances and Budget are also mentioned as a part of Urban Forestry Policy. Monetary valuation of trees and forests is very important for the proper cognition of their real value. So that, they may be equated and weighed against conflicting uses which would cause to be removed or severely mutilated. A tree inventory system which is the essential part of urban tree management can provide the pertinent information about the present condition of urban tree resource. It may aid in reducing the subjectivity of tree management decisions and stimulate them to be made rapidly and can help reduce potential municipal liability by identifying serious problems in time for corrective maintenance practices to be applied for the maximize community benefits and minimimize public nuisances or hazards. Managers can derive the information from the inventory and use it for the various management plan. When we see the structure of tree inventory system as one of the data base management system, Computer is the best equipment for the efficient management plan. Public relation and communication is also important factors to care the people for urban vegetation management. Volunteer management system is a good example for the public relation and communication. Those skills are need to develop for using the priceless, valuable human resources. Budget holds the key to the execution of Urban Forestry. Good inventory can provide for efficient budgeting stratiges through it's scientific analysis for the way of maximum benefits and minimum costs. Forest can be play a vital role for the aesthetic improvement and recreation in the city. This study suggests that the traditional sivicultural application not only improve the quality of scenic beauty and recreation but also the products of timber. So it is more needed to study for strong and scientific application to urban forest management.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.165-175
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• 1994

An emergy analysis of the main energy flows driving the economy of humans and life support systems was made including environmental energies, fuels, and imports, all expressed as solar emjoules. The total emergy use (4, 373 E20 sej/yr) is 90 per cent from imported sources, fuels and goods and services. The emergy flows from the environment are modest, because the share of global inputs such as ruin and geological uplift flux is modest. Consequently, the ratio of outside investment to attracting natural resources is already large, like other industrialized countries. The population level is already in excess of carrying capacity. The emergy use per person in Korea indicates a moderate emergy standard of living, even though the indigenous resource is very poor. If the present economy were running entirely on stored reserves of fuels, soils, woods, etc., it would last about 2 years. Its carrying capacity for steady state on its renewable sources is only 3.3 million people, compared to 43.3 million in 1991. Continued availability of foreign oil at a favorable balance of emergy trade, currently about 7 to 1 net emergy, is the basis for present economic activity and must decrease as the net emergy of foreign oil purchased goes down. Close economic integration with Middle East may determine how long this is possible in the future.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.131-138
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• 2019

The world's electricity production ratio is 40% for coal, 20% for natural gas, 16% for hydroelectric power, 15% for nuclear power and 6% for petroleum. Fossil fuels also cause serious problems in terms of price and supply because of the high concentration of resources on the earth. Solar energy is attracting attention as a next-generation eco-friendly energy that will replace fossil fuels with these problems. In this study, we test the charge-operation plan and the discharge operation plan for peak-cut operation by applying the maximum power demand reduction simulation. To do this, we selected the electricity usage from November to February, which has the largest amount of power usage, and applied charge / discharge logic. Simulation results show that the contract power decreases as the peak demand power after the ESS Peak-cut service is reduced to 50% of the peak-target power. As a result, the contract power reduction can reduce the basic power value of the customer and not only the economic superiority can be expected, but also contribute to the improvement of the electric quality and stabilization of the power supply system.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.272-282
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• 2019

Although the knowledge of current seismicity is a critical information for making and implementing effective earthquake-related policy, the detailed seismicity information of the metropolitan areas with high-population density has been largely underestimated due to the high-level of cultural noise and small earthquake magnitude. This study presents 12 earthquakes including 2 earthquakes previously known and 10 additional earthquakes occurred from 2010 to 2017 in Busan, but they were unreported by the Korea Meteorological Administration. Matched filter technique is used to detect micro-earthquakes. Although the epicenters of micro-earthquakes though present a distinguished linearity, a correlation with faults in the area is unknown. A repeated micro-seismicity suggests that there are subsurface structures responsible for observed events. If large earthquakes occur along the fault in Busan, they may cause catastrophic natural disasters. Given the fact that the recent earthquakes did not accompany any surface signatures, it is highly recommended that the current micro-seismicity be investigated, and updated seismicity information be incorporated into establishing active fault maps in Korea.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.331-339
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• 2022

The global process of transition from industrial to information society, as well as socio-economic changes taking place in Ukraine, require significant changes in many areas of state activity. It is especially connected with the reforms in the sphere of education. Today, national programs provide for the development of education on the basis of new progressive concepts, the introduction of the educational process of new pedagogical technologies and scientific achievements, the creation of a new system of information education, entrance of Ukaine into the transcontinental computer information system. Information technologies are qualitatively changing the key resources of development: this is no longer a space with fixed production, but primarily mobile finance and intelligence. They have a direct impact on the formation of personal growth, professional content and self-organization, emotional and psychological maturity and consciousness, and so on. One of the main factors in ensuring the stability and social education of the country's citizens is the culture of security, the formation and development of which is an urgent problem today. Comprehensive and systematic development of security culture will significantly increase the readiness of the population, the level of environmental, labor and patriotic education, reduce human losses, material damage from emergencies. Ecological education can be carried out more successfully only gradually and in accordance with the socio-psychological periods of one's development: kindergarten - school - college - university. The creation of such a system of environmental education should be enshrined as the basis of state environmental policy as a constitutional norm with the usage of information technology. Graduates of universities, who are the future of our country, after mastering the skills of basic environmental education must have a high level of environmental culture, which is, in turn, part of general human culture, and investigate environmental issues from the standpoint of their profession. It is known that with the help of environmental education the collective intelligence of society is formed, which can predict human activities and processes occurring in nature, and in some way to help with the elimination of crises. It is through environmental education that another system of human values is being formed, which places great emphasis on intangible wealth and solidarity, and great responsibility of humanity for the ecological state of the native country; provides a higher standard of living as a result of sustainable development, through the introduction of information technology in this system. To improve the quality of life, we need better knowledge, which must be implemented through information technology at the international level.