• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.55-62
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• 2003

Natural dyes generally fan into two categories; organic dyes coming from animals and plants and inorganic dyes obtained from various minerals such as bengala, loess, ultramarine, prussian blue and etc. The main components of volcanic ash is clay mineral such as kaolinite, illite, quartz. Clay minerals Composing volcanic ash are kaolinite［$Al_4Si_4O_{10}{(OH)_{8}}$］, illite［$K_{X}Al_2(Si,\;Al)_4O_{10}{(OH)}_2$］, quartz［$SiO_2$］, homblende［$Na_{0-1}\;Ca_2{(Mg,\;Fe,\;Al)}_5{(Si,\;Al)}_{8}O_{22}{(OH)}_2$］and etc. And the redish color mainly comes from iron oxide. In this paper, two different classes of dyeing process were tested; dyeing with volcanic ash only and cationic agent pre-treatment followed by dyeing with volcanic ash. The compositions of the volcanic ash powder and the volcanic ash deposited on the cotton knitted fabrics identified by energy dispersive spectrometer and XRD analysis. The major chemical components of volcanic ash deposited on the cotton knitted fabrics were confirmed to be the saicon oxide, iron oxide, and aluminum oxide and etc. According to the analysis by XRD and EDS-SEM, kaolinite, illite and quartz were also identified.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 1991

Dissolution rate , periduium state, nutrient component and fatty acid composition of 5 species of natural pollen and 3 species of processed pollen were carried out for evaluation of quality. Natural pollens had average 11.5% of moistures, and had native peridium may be responsible for allergy. The average dissolution rate of natural pollens were low as 66.3%. One among 3 species of processed pollen was observed to have not peridium, resulted in higher dissolution rate. Major fatty acid of pollen was palmitic acid but content of oleic acid was lower than that of other plant seeds.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.352-355
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• 2003

비자성이며 비전도성의 물리적 성질을 갖는 자연산 퀄쯔(quartz)와 용암석 스코리아를 대상으로 마그네타이징 처리를 하여 분석하였다. 마그네타이징 처리를 위하여 강력한 기계화학적 분쇄 반응을 시켰으며, 분쇄 반응시 알코올계의 솔벤트를 반응 용매로 사용하였다. 퀄쯔와 스코리아의 마그네타이징 처리에서 비교적 비중이 큰 퀄쯔의 경우와 비중이 작은 스코리아의 경우에도 분쇄된 분말이 물에 뜨는 것을 확인할 수 있으며, 친유성으로 기름에 대한 흡착 성질이 우수함을 확인하였다. 자연산 퀄쯔와 함께 스코리아를 바탕물질로 하여 기계-화학적 반응 기술로 고 분산성 흡착반응에 의한 고분자 물잘 생성을 유도하여 나노복합체를 제조하였다. 반응의 처리조건과 적용과정에 따라서 기계-화학적 반응을 통하여 얻어진 물질은 자기적 성질과 유전체 및 전기적 성질을 동시에 나타낸다. 부착성 융합 복합물질의 특징을 고려하여 시그니토마그네틱스(Segneto-magnetics)로 분류되는 합성분말은 특히 유류성분에 대하여 높은 흡착성을 가지며, 강한 자기적 성질을 띄는 10-50 nm 두께의 하나 또는 그 이상의 이질적 융합 화합물 층이 석영이나 수정체의 표면에 합성되어 특유의 자기, 전기적 성질을 나타낸다.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 1994

The fundamental studies for exploit natural resources was investigated on Uljin pottery stones that estimated the amount of mineral deposits at 350 million tons. The results obtained are as follows; In the chemical composition of Uljin pottery stones the amount of Al2O3 are a little compared with other pottery stones and that of Na2O and K2O are a large. Fe2O3 content is lower than 0.3 wt%, thus whiteness of its is 83. The major minerals composition of Uljin pottery stones are quartz and feldspar mineral. The refractoriness (SK) of its is 14. Lattice constants of quartz in Uljin pottery stones are 4.8865 $\AA$ in a-axis and 5.3852 $\AA$ in c-axis. Lattice constants were expanded by HCl treatment and sintering. Microstructures of Uljin pottery stones are linked up with the crystal particles under 10 microns in size.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.265-277
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• 2015

Hydrothermal alteration patterns and environment are studied by mineral assemblages and chemical analyses of surface and core samples from Miryang pyrophyllite deposit. The alteration zones of this deposit can be divided into three zones on the basis of mineral assemblage; advanced argillic, phyllic, and propylitic zone. Advanced argillic zone mainly consists of pyrophyllite-dickite (-quartz) and corresponds to principal mining ore. The common mineral assemblage of phyllic zone and propylitic zone are sericite-quartz-dickite and chlorite-quartz, respectively. Horizontal and vertical alteration patterns and major element geochemistry indicate that pyrophyllite ores have been formed several times by hydrothermal alteration. And it also suggests that the huge ore bodies may be extended from the deeper part of recent quarries to the south-southeastern direction. The paragenesis of ore minerals and polytype (2M) suggest that ore deposit was formed at about $300-350^{\circ}C$.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.275-290
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• 2019

Geochemical study was conducted to elucidate the origin of fluorine (F) distributed in the rocks within the four areas of Yongyudo and Sammokdo, Incheon, which have been used as the source area of land reclamation for the $3^{rd}$ and $4^{th}$ stage construction sites of the Incheon International Airport. The main geology of the study area is Triassic biotite granite. Fluorine is contained at high levels in biotite granite, mylonite, and dykes (andesite and, basaltic-andesite). Furthermore, the higher concentrations of fluorine in the biotite granite can be contributed to fluorite. The results of microscopic analyses reveal that the fluorite was mostly observed as small vienlets together with quartz. This features support that fluorite was naturally formed due to the secondary process of hydrothermal fluids. In addition, fluorine was investigated to be highly enriched in a large amount of mica within the veins. In the case of mylonite, a high levels of fluorine was contributed to a large amount of sericite. The sericites contained in the mylointe, differently to those of the biotite granite, filled the micro-fractures of quartz formed as a result of mylonitization and included small cataclastic quartz grains. This indicates that fluorine was naturally enriched due to the alteration of hydrothermal fluids filling fractured zones formed by mylonitization. Consequently, the results of petrological and mineralogical study confirm that the fluorine distributed in the rocks within the Yongyudo and Sammokdo originated naturally.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.51-58
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• 2017

We investigated the efficiency of natural zeolite with different cation exchange capacity (CEC) as capping material for the remediation of marine sediments contaminated with heavy metals. Three different zeolite with high CEC (HCzeo, 163.74 cmolc/kg), medium CEC (MCzeo, 127.20 cmolc/kg), and low CEC (LCzeo, 70.62 cmolc/kg) were used. The surface area of the zeolite was in decreasing order: HCzeo ($59.43m^2/g$) > MCzeo ($52.10m^2/g$) > LCzeo ($10.12m^2/g$). The results of mineralogical composition obtained from X-ray diffraction (XRD) show that LCzeo was mainly composed of quartz and albite. In the XRD result of MCzeo and HCzeo, the peaks of clinoptilolite, heulandite, and mordenite were also observed along with that of quartz and albite. Sorption equilibrium onto the HCzeo, MCzeo, and LCzeo was reached in 6 h at initial concentration of 10 mg/L and 100 mg/L. Higher adsorption of Cd and Zn onto the zeolite with higher CEC were achieved but adsorption of Cu and Ni were not dependent on the CEC of zeolite. It can be concluded that the zeolite with high cation exchange ability is recommended for the contaminated sediments with Cd and Zn but the inexpensive zeolite with low CEC for Cu and Ni.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.133-143
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• 2011

In Mujoo area, the granitic pegmatites are developed in the granitic gneiss complex with Jurassic gneissic granites, where Nb-Ta mineralization were reported. Pegmatites are mainly composed of large crystals of quartz, feldspars of end-member orthoclase and albite, and muscovite. Nb-Ta minerals in study area are columbite (Nb > Ta) in composition. Chemistry of muscovites shows post-magmatic in origin and they are closely related with columbite. Large columbite, in pegmatites occurred with quartz and feldspars, while microcrystalline columbite is associated with muscovite. The Nb contents in large columbite are relatively higher than those in microcrystalline ones. Two pegmatites, 4~15 m in width and 120 m, 250 m in extension respective1y, are developed. Five drilling cores with total 600 m in length are finally obtained and revealed no possible potential for economic rare metals of Na-Ta deposits.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.39-46
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• 2003

The experiments about dyeing concentration, temperature and time were done using yellow, red and purple loess as natural inorganic dyes in order to verify a degree of dyeing, characteristics of color and fastness. The results were as following; 1. As a result of analyzing components of loess, purple loess was much than other loess in quartz component and coarse particles contained. This affected to the degree of dyeing. 2. The stronger dyeing concentration was, the more the degree of dyeing was improved, and yellow loess containing fine particles was the best in the degree of dyeing. 3. When it was dyed with raising up to $100^\circ{C}$ for 10 minutes after stirring for 20 minutes at $60^\circ{C}$, was better than on starting at $40^\circ{C}$ or $80^\circ{C}$ in the degree of dyeing. Also yellow loess was the best in these experiments. 4. Washing fastness of loess was low such as other natural dyes, but dyeing wasn't transferred to other textiles. On the other hand, light fastness of it was very excellent and rubbing fastness was relatively good as 3~3.5.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.75-81
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• 2001

MCVD(modified chemical vapor deposition) used in making optical-fiber currently utilizes the hydrogen-oxygen burner as a energy supply source. To improve the productivity and to reduce the manufacturing cost of optical-fiber, a natural gas-oxygen burner has been developed. The manufacturing processes of optical-fiber consist of vapor deposition, collapse and drawing processes. Among these processes, the vapor deposition and the collapse processes are important in terms of improving the productivity and saving the production cost. The vapor deposition and collapse processes are performed by combustion heat and flame force supplied by a burner. So the flame force of the burner used in these processes is required to have an optimal and consistent value in order to allow uniform heating and collapse of quartz tube. In this regard, the momentum ratio of natural gas and oxygen has been optimally determined by modification of a burner and the inlet flow pass also has been modified.