• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제40권9호
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• pp.593-599
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• 2007

배경: 폐절제술이 우심실 기능에 미치는 영향과 BNP (brain natriuretic peptide)의 관계에 대해서는 아직 자세히 알려져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 폐절제술 후 변화하는 혈역학적 수치와 우심부전의 보상기전으로서 증가하는 BNP의 관계에 대해서 알아보고 BNP가 폐절제술 후의 우심부전의 지표가 될 수 있는지를 확인하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 폐암으로 폐엽절제술과 전폐절제술을 시행한 12명의 환자에서 면역화학적 방법(Elecsys $1010^{(R)}$, Roche, Germany)을 이용하여 수술 전후의 NT-proBNP 수준을 측정하고, Swan-Ganz 카테터로 수술 전후에 혈역학적 지표를 측정하여 비교하였으며 수술 전후에 심초음파를 시행하여 우심실 및 좌심실압 등의 변화를 비교하였다. 통계처리는 SPSSWIN(version 11.5)를 이용한 Wilcoxon rank sum test와 linear regression을 이용하였다. 결과: NT-proBNP 수준은 수술 전과 비교하여 수술 후 6시간, 수술 후 1일과 2일, 3일, 7일째에 유의하게 증가하였다(p=0.003, 0.002, 0.002, 0.006, 0.004). Swan-Ganz 카테터를 통한 혈역학적 변수 중에서는 평균 폐동맥압이 수술 전과 비교하여 수술 직후와 수술 후 6시간, 수술 후 1일, 2일, 3일째에 유의하게 증가하였으며(p=0.002, 0.002, 0.006, 0.007, 0.008), 평균 우심실압력은 수술 직후와 수술 후 6시간, 수술 후 1일과 3일에서 유의하게 증가하였다(p=0.006, 0.009, 0.044, 0.032). 폐혈관저항지수[폐혈관저항지수=(평균폐동맥압-평균폐동맥쐐기압)/심박출계수]는 수술 후 6시간, 수술 후 2일에서 유의한 증가가 있었다(p=0.008, 0.028). 평균폐동맥압의 수술 후 변화와 NT-proBNP 변화를 회기분석하였을 때 수술 후 6시간에서 유의성이 있었으며(r=0.602, p=0.038) 이후에는 유의성이 없었다. 심초음파 결과는 수술 전후를 비교하여 유의성이 없었다. 결론: 폐절제술 후 6시간의 폐동맥압의 변화와 NT-proBNP의 변화가 유의성이 있었다. 따라서 폐절제술 후 NT-proBNP의 변화는 폐절제술 후 우심실의 조기 혈역학적 변화를 반영하는 척도가 될 수 있으리라 판단된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제74권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2013

Background: Differentiating cardiogenic pulmonary edema from other bilateral lung diseases such as pneumonia is frequently difficult. We conducted a retrospective study to identify predictors for cardiogenic pulmonary edema and non-cardiogenic causes of bilateral lung infiltrates in chest radiographs. Methods: The study included patients who had newly developed bilateral lung infiltrates in chest radiographs and patients who underwent echocardiography. Cases were divided into two groups based on the echocardiographic findings: the cardiogenic pulmonary edema group and the non-cardiogenic group. Clinical characteristics and basic laboratory findings were analyzed to identify predictors for differential diagnosis between cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic causes of bilateral chest infiltrates. Results: We analyzed 110 subjects. Predictors of cardiogenic pulmonary edema were higher brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, lower C-reactive protein (CRP) levels on the day of the event (<7 mg/dL), age over 60 years, history of heart disease, and absence of fever and sputum. CRP on the day of the event was an independent factor to differentiate cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic causes of newly developed bilateral chest infiltrates. Also, the validity was comparable to BNP. Conclusion: Clinical symptoms (sputum and fever), medical history (dyslipidemia and heart disease), and laboratory findings (BNP and CRP) could be helpful in the differential diagnosis of patients with acute bilateral lung infiltrates in chest radiographs.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.407-413
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• 2007

배경: 혈중 BNP 농도가 심방세동 발생과 관련 있다는 여러 보고가 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 혈중 BNP 농도가 술 후 심방세동의 발생에 유용한 예견인자인지 알아보고 술 후 BNP 수치의 변화와 심방세동 발생시기 및 심방세동이 정상 동율동으로 돌아오는 시기를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2005년 1월 1일부터 2006년 2월 28일까지 개심술을 받은 환자 중 심방부정맥의 병력이 없는 82명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 혈중 BNP 농도 측정을 위한 혈액 채취는 술 전부터 술 후 7일째까지 매일 하였다. 술 후 심전도 검사는 퇴원 전까지 매일 시행하였다. 결과: 환자는 술 후 심방세동 발생 유무에 따라 두 군으로 나누었다. 술 후 심방세동은 26명(31.7%)에서 발생하였다. 심방세동 없는 군과 발생군 사이에 나이, 성별, 술 전 좌심실 구혈률, 고혈압, 좌심실 비대, 베타 차단제 복용 유무에 대해 통계학적인 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 판막 수술을 받은 환자에서 술 후 심방세동의 발생이 많았다(39.3% vs 76.9%, p=0.002). 술 전 좌심방 크기는 심방세동 발생군에서 의미 있게 컸다($43.8{\pm}10.3 m$ vs $49.8{\pm}11.5 mm$, p=0.029). 술 전 혈중 BNP 농도는 심방세동 발생군에서 의미 있게 높았다($144.1{\pm}20.8 pg/mL$ vs $267.5{\pm}68 pg/mL$, p=0.034). 심방세동군에서 술 후 BNP 수치는 술 후 3일째 가장 높았고 심방세동 발생은 술 후 3일 이내가 가장 많이 발생하였고 술 후 일주일 이내 대부분 정상 동율동으로 돌아왔다. 결론: 혈중 BNP 농도의 증가는 심장 수술 후 심방세동 발생을 예측하는 데 유용한 인자이다. 심방세동 발생의 위험인자가 있는 경우 술 후 적극적으로 예방적 항부정맥제 사용을 고려해야 한다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제56권12호
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• pp.519-522
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• 2013

Timely diagnosis of hyponatremia is important for preventing potential morbidity and mortality as it is often an indicator of underlying disease. The most common cause of eurvolemic hyponatremia is the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion. Recent studies have demonstrated that proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL) $1{\beta}$ and IL-6 are involved in the development of hyponatremia, a condition that is associated with severe inflammation and is related to antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion. Serum sodium levels in hyponatremia are inversely correlated with the percentage of neutrophils, C-reactive protein, and N-terminal-pro brain type natriuretic peptide. Additionally, elevated levels of serum IL-6 and IL-$1{\beta}$ are found in inflammatory diseases, and their levels are higher in patients with hyponatremia. Because it is significantly correlated with the degree of inflammation in children, hyponatremia could be used as a diagnostic marker of pediatric inflammatory diseases. Based on available evidence, we hypothesize that hyponatremia may be associated with inflammatory diseases in general. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for augmented ADH secretion during inflammation, monitoring patient sodium levels, and selecting the appropriate intravenous fluid treatment are important components that may lower the morbidity and mortality of patients in a critical condition.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.128-133
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• 2024

Aortic dissection in pregnant patients results in an inpatient mortality rate of 8.6%. Owing to the pronounced mortality rate and speed at which aortic dissections progress, efficient early detection methods are crucial. Here, we highlight the importance of early chest computed tomography (CT) for differentiating aortic dissection from pulmonary embolism in pregnant patients with dyspnea. We present the unique case of a 38-year-old pregnant woman with elevated D-dimer and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels, initially suspected of having a pulmonary embolism. Initial transthoracic echocardiography did not indicate aortic dissection. Surprisingly, after an emergency cesarean section, a chest CT scan revealed a DeBakey type I aortic dissection, indicating a diagnostic error. Our findings emphasize the need for early chest CT in pregnant patients with dyspnea and elevated D-dimer and NT-proBNP levels. This case report highlights the critical importance of considering both aortic dissection and pulmonary embolism in the differential diagnosis of such cases, which will inform future clinical practice.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2008

배경: 혈 중 BNP 수치는 심부전 환자의 예후에 정보를 제공한다고 잘 알려져 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 술 전과 술 후 BNP 수치가 관상동맥 수술한 환자의 술 후 합병증 및 결과를 예견하는 데 사용될 수 있는지 알아보고자 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2005년 1월 1일부터 1년간 심폐기를 사용한 관상동맥 환자 30명을 전향적으로 자료 수집하였다(남/여=19/11, 평균 나이 $60{\pm}9.6$세). 심폐기를 사용하지 않고 관상동맥우회수술을 한 경우와 동시에 판막 수술을 시행한 경우는 대상에서 제외하였다. BNP 측정은 술 전, 수슬 직 후, 및 술 후 1, 3, 5, 7일째 혈액 채취를 하여 검사하였다. 결과: 술 전 BNP 수치와 술 전 초음파를 통한 심장 구혈률(r=-0.4, p=0.028)과 중환자실에서 5일 이상 치료한 경우(r=0.39, p=0.031)는 통계학적인 의미가 있었다. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve를 사용하여 술 전 BNP 수치가 술 후 합병증을 예견하는 cut-off치는 특이도 90.5%에서 263 pg/mL이었다. 슬 후 합병증이 없는 군과 발생한 군 사이에서 BNP 수치의 변화를 보면 술 전 BNP 수치(평균 BNP=$99{\pm}23\;pg/mL$ vs $296{\pm}74\;pg/mL$, p<0.05)와 술 후 7일째 BNP 수치(평균 $212{\pm}29\;pg/mL$ vs $408{\pm}23\;pg/mL$, p<0.01)에서 통계학적으로 의미 있게 차이가 있었다. 결론: 술 전 BNP 수치가 263 pg/mL 이상이면 술 후 합병증을 예견할 수 있다. BNP 수치는 관상동맥우회술 환자의 술 후 합병증의 가능성을 예견하는 유용한 지표로서 사용될 수 있다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.270-276
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• 2020

Background: We investigated the impact of previous catheter ablation (CA) on the midterm outcomes of totally thoracoscopic ablation in patients with lone atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: Between February 2012 and July 2018, 332 patients underwent totally thoracoscopic ablation for the treatment of AF (persistent AF; n=264, 80%). The patients were stratified into CA (n=47, 14%) and non-CA (nCA; n=285, 86%) groups according to their CA history. Results: All the baseline clinical characteristics and risk factors were similar between the groups except for age, percentage of male patients, prevalence of paroxysmal AF, prior percutaneous coronary intervention, and left atrial volume index (LAVI). No significant intergroup differences were observed in the incidence of early and late complications. At late follow-up, normal sinus rhythm was observed in 92% (43 of 47) of the patients in the CA group and 85% (242 of 285) of the patients in the nCA group (p=0.268). The rate of freedom from AF recurrence at 5 years was 55.3%±11.0% in the CA group, which was similar to that in the nCA group (55.7%±5.1%, p=0.690). In Cox regression analysis, preoperative brain natriuretic peptide levels and LAVI were associated with AF recurrence, but CA history was not significant. Conclusion: Totally thoracoscopic ablation was safe and effective in treating AF irrespective of CA history. A history of CA did not appear to affect the procedural complexity.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.329-336
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• 2011

The female has previously been shown to be an independent risk factor for mortality and morbidity after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate gender differences of the perioperative outcomes in elderly patients underwent CABG. Data for seventy elderly patients (>70 years) that underwent CABG (between January 2005 and July 2011) were divided into two groups: male patients (n=33, male group) and female patients group (n=37, female group). Heights, body weights, body surface area and coronary artery obstruction rate (right coronary artery territory) in the female group were lower than those of the male group ($P$ <0.05). History of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, congestive heart failure and percutaneous coronary artery intervention in the female group was higher than that of the male group ($P$ <0.05). Total cholesterol and brain natriuretic peptide levels in the female group were higher than those of the male group ($P$ <0.05). Platelet count in the female group was higher than the male group at preoperative (Pre-OP) period ($P$ <0.05). Erythrocyte count, hematocrit and hemoglobin levels in the female group were lower than those of the male group at Pre-OP period ($P$ <0.05). But, erythrocyte count, hematocrit and hemoglobin levels in the female group were higher than those of the Male group at postoperative (Post-OP) period ($P$ <0.05). Left ventricular ejection fraction in the female group was higher than the male group at Post-OP period ($P$ <0.05). Hospital stay length in the female group was higher than the male group ($P$ <0.05). Post-OP bleeding volume and incidence of ventricular premature contraction in the female group were lower than those of the male group ($P$ <0.05). These results suggest that despite female gender have a greater risk factors and require a longer hospitalization than male, there was no significant difference incidence of mortality and complication.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.80-90
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• 2016

Purpose: Studies have been conducted to identify predictive factors of resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for Kawasaki disease (KD). However, the results are conflicting. This study aimed to identify laboratory factors predictive of resistance to high-dose IVIG for KD by performing meta-analysis of available studies using statistical techniques. Methods: All relevant scientific publications from 2006 to 2014 were identified through PubMed searches. For studies in English on KD and IVIG resistance, predictive factors were included. A meta-analysis was performed that calculated the effect size of various laboratory parameters as predictive factors for IVIG-resistant KD. Results: Twelve studies comprising 2,745 patients were included. Meta-analysis demonstrated significant effect sizes for several laboratory parameters: polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) 0.698 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.469-0.926), C-reactive protein (CRP) 0.375 (95% CI, 0.086-0.663), pro-brain natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) 0.561 (95% CI, 0.261-0.861), total bilirubin 0.859 (95% CI, 0.582-1.136), alanine aminotransferase (AST) 0.503 (95% CI, 0.313-0.693), aspartate aminotransferase (ALT) 0.436 (95% CI, 0.275-0.597), albumin 0.427 (95% CI, -0.657 to -0.198), and sodium 0.604 (95% CI, -0.839 to -0.370). Particularly, total bilirubin, PMN, sodium, pro-BNP, and AST, in descending numerical order, demonstrated more than a medium effect size. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, laboratory predictive factors for IVIG-resistant KD included higher total bilirubin, PMN, pro-BNP, AST, ALT, and CRP, and lower sodium and albumin. The presence of several of these predictive factors should alert clinicians to the increased likelihood that the patient may not respond adequately to initial IVIG therapy.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.262-270
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• 2016

Purpose: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) leads to right ventricular failure (RVF) as well as an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance. Our purpose was to study the effect of sildenafil on right ventricular remodeling in a rat model of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced RVF. Methods: The rats were distributed randomly into 3 groups. The control (C) group, the monocrotaline (M) group (MCT 60 mg/kg) and the sildenafil (S) group (MCT 60 mg/kg+ sildenafil 30 mg/kg/day for 28 days). Masson Trichrome staining was used for heart tissues. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical staining were performed. Results: The mean right ventricular pressure (RVP) was significantly lower in the S group at weeks 1, 2, and 4. The number of intra-acinar arteries and the medial wall thickness of the pulmonary arterioles significantly lessened in the S group at week 4. The collagen content also decreased in heart tissues in the S group at week 4. Protein expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)-associated X, caspase-3, Bcl-2, interleukin (IL)-6, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), endothelin (ET)-1 and ET receptor A (ERA) in lung tissues greatly decreased in the S group at week 4 according to immunohistochemical staining. According to Western blotting, protein expression levels of troponin I, brain natriuretic peptide, caspase-3, Bcl-2, tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, IL-6, MMP-2, eNOS, ET-1, and ERA in heart tissues greatly diminished in the S group at week 4. Conclusion: Sildenafil alleviated right ventricular hypertrophy and mean RVP. These data suggest that sildenafil improves right ventricular function.