• 생태와환경
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.365-372
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• 2018

The Wintering Waterbird Census of Korea was started in 1999 and monitors 200 major migratory sites in South Korea. Waterfowl counts have been undertaken for more than 20 years since; however, a limited number of studies have analyzed the temporal patterns of waterfowl population. In this study, we analyzed population size changes of wintering whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus) at 112 monitoring sites from 2001 to 2018. The average number of whooper swans was $4,296{\pm}42.66$ and there was a trend for an increase in population size across the survey period. We found that the population in the Nakdong River Estuary, one of the major wintering sites over 18 years (26.22% of the national population), had rapidly decreased (-0.77% per year). Conversely, the whooper swan population in the Junam Reservoir and Sihwa Lake increased (+1.64%, +0.54% per year, respectively). Estuaries showed the highest dominance of whooper swans among the five different habitat types, accounting for 32.13% of the population. Reservoir/lakes had 30.60% of the total population and reclaimed lakes(18.24%), river (13.11%), and coast (5.93%) followed. The annual distribution of the whooper swan population in South Korea has been affected by various habitat conditions resulting from human activities and urbanization. To better understand the complex factors that can cause rapid changes in wintering waterfowl populations, it is necessary to integrate the data from the bird census program with environmental conditions to conduct in-depth pattern analyses over longer time periods.

• Architectural research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2017

In South Korea, problems such as low fertility, aging population, and income polarization have recently become more serious. In this time of social change, it is necessary to examine the current changes occurring to residences in order to improve the stability and health of residential areas. The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes of residential areas that occurred between 2000 and 2010 based on detached houses, which are the foundation of residential areas in Seoul. Changes in residential areas can be observed by examining changes in the type of housing and the characteristics of the residents. Since the type of housing and the characteristics of the residents change in the same area, it is necessary to study them together, not as individual elements. Census data is suitable for this purpose, because it can show the changes that have occurred to the housing type and the residents' characteristics within the neighborhood unit. Among the census output areas identified as residential areas based on detached houses, six sites were selected as the case study area based on the rate of change of detached houses. From the result of the case study using the census data, the study area was categorized into three regional types: (i) an urban development and redevelopment area; (ii) an area with a concentration or increasing number of detached houses; (iii) an area with an increasing number of multi-family houses based on detached houses.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2023

Purpose: Market basket analysis is one of the most frequently used methods in the retail industry today as a technique to discover the product association. It is empirically analyzed how these product associations differ regionally in the case of the United States. Research design, data, and methodology: Based on the purchasing data of consumer panels collected from 49 US states, the association rules for each state was extracted with the corresponding lift values indicating product association. The difference in lift values in 49 states by the association rule was compared and tested for 49 states and for 4 census regions (Northeast, Midwest, South, West). Results: The association rules of 3/4 of the same association rules show positive associations or negative associations depending on the lift values of the states. There were significant differences in the lift values for 49 states, and for 4 census regions. These significant differences in the lift values were found to be related to the distance between states and whether states belong to the same census region. Conclusions: Retail product associations shown by market basket analysis may vary depending on regional distance or regional heterogeneity. It is necessary to pay attention to these points in multi-store environment.

• 농촌계획
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2019

Population is important as a fundamental element of local industry and economy, and census data is essential to regional planning and policy making. Although there have been many researches on population and regional planning, there are few studies on population considering spatial unit. In this study, the population of three spatial scales were compared in order to establish the spatial unit suitable for the rural planning. The study area is Gangwon, Chungcheong-Nam, Chungcheong-Buk, Jeolla-Nam, Jeolla-Buk, Gyeonsang-Nam, Gyeonsang-Buk and Jeju province. Population were compared using statistical data analysis, GIS visualization, and spatial statistics. The mean, maximum, minimum, and variance of population were calculated and the coefficient of variation according to spatial unit was compared. The mean, maximum, minimum, and variance of population were calculated and the coefficient of variation according to spatial unit was compared. As the results, the census output area unit is difficult to interpret spatial analysis results. Administrative district unit has the limit that includes areas where the population does not live. The grid unit is well suited to the geographical characteristics but has many disadvantages of the grid with small population. Therefore, It is necessary to complement the limits of the Eup and Myeon-dong administrative district through the grid unit data.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2020

The purpose of this research is to manage the physical sectors systematically, needed for the selection and direction of declining areas, such as urban regeneration and revitalization projects, by grading the density of decline indicators of buildings in small and medium cities. In five small and medium-sized cities in Jeollanam-do, the data were divided into three stages according to the density, according to the use, structure, and age of the building. Rating by element of Census Output Area, detailed designation, and management of declining areas in small and medium-sized cities are required, rather than setting the scope of declining areas based on administrative districts. It is also necessary to manage cities through complex and intra-element phasing rather than single elements in defining physical decline. The analysis based on the complex factors and boundary of the Census Output Area is meaningful in order to maintain and manage such cities in a more detailed and precise manner according to such characteristics of each region.

• 농촌계획
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2020

Rural areas have been faced with various problems such as aging and population decline, and in these circumstances, the activation of local communities is suggested as a solution. Agricultural producer organizations are a powerful means of maintaining rural society. The purpose of this study is to understand the characteristics of agricultural community activities by region by comparing the status of organization and activities and analyzing Location Quotient(LQ) based on the regional survey data in the 2015 census of agriculture, forestry, and fisheries. As the results of the analysis, it was found that 38.35% of villages participated in economic organizations and 32.22% of villages were having urban-rural exchange activities. The crop clubs were actively operated in the Gyeongsangbuk province, and other economic organizations were organized in Jeju, Haenam-gun, and Dangjin-si more than other regions. And the urban-rural exchange activities were found in Chungcheongnam province mainly. The results of detailed LQ analysis by organization and activity showed that specialized regions for each community or activity were different. These results could be used for regional planning or the establishment of strategies for community activation.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.16-25
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• 2015

Visual census and hydro-acoustic survey was carried out at Ulju small scale marine ranching area (MRA) to estimate demersal fish aggregations on September and November 2013. In this hydro-acoustic survey, the authors combined an image sonar with a scientific echo sounder to monitor an underwater situation and compare two acoustic data. Consequently, visual census survey was useful to estimate fish species composition for hydro-acoustic survey, because it is easy to identify aggregated fish species and overcome limits on a fishing depth and ability of an conventional fishing gear like a bottom gill-net or a fish trap at marine ranching area. Mean fish density was estimated as $0.757g/m^2$ on September and $0.219g/m^2$ on November and Fish abundance was finally calculated as 1.51ton (coefficient of variation, CV=13.1%) on September and 0.44ton (CV=47.7%) on November, respectively. Hydro-acoustic survey combined with the image sonar was useful to monitor fish aggregations and estimate fish stocks around artificial reefs at shallow coastal MRA. We were able to easily identify the underwater structures like an artificial reef and a fishing rope as well as fish aggregations from image sonar data. Therefore, the method was effective to separate unwanted echo signals in acoustic data of scientific echo sounder.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.3302-3307
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 다양한 입지분석에서 이용되고 있는 인구추정의 정확도와 신뢰성의 향상을 기하고자, GIS와 국가인구통계자료를 이용하여 정밀한 인구통계지도를 구축할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다. 제시한 방법은 다음과 같다. 주거지, 상업 및 업무지의 토지이용이 인구와 상관성이 높다는 것을 분석 도출하여, 세부 토지이용(비오톱) 유형별로 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 그런 후 인구거주 밀도 별로 가중치를 부여하여 인구를 동별 토지이용 유형별로 재분배하는 방법으로 정밀한 인구통구통계 지도를 구축하였다. 본 연구의 방법은 그간 다양한 입지분석에서 이용되었던 인구추정 방법보다 정확도와 신뢰성의 향상을 가져올 것으로 기대된다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.291-317
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• 2022

본 연구는 에너지총조사 자료를 이용하여 친환경 차량의 보급과 관련하여 소비자의 차량 선택에 영향을 주는 요인을 분석하였다. 기존의 차량 선택에 대한 소비자 선호의 연구는 대부분 단편적인 설문조사를 이용하였는데, 매번 설문조사표와 설문대상이 바뀌어서 지속적이고 일관성 있는 분석이 불가능하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 주기적으로 수행되는 에너지총조사 자료를 이용하여 차량 선택에 대한 소비자 선호 분석이 가능하다는 것을 보여주고자 하였다. 에너지총조사는 많은 표본의 유용한 정보를 수집함에도 불구하고 많은 경우 단순 통계를 작성하는 데 한정적으로 사용되고 있다. 2017년 에너지총조사의 수송부문 마이크로데이터 2,771개 자료를 바탕으로 소비자의 선택에 따라 변화하는 대안 특성 변수인 차량 가격, 연료 효율, 차량모델 수를 수집하여 컨조인트 분석이 가능하도록 자료를 변환하고 분석하였다. 분석 결과 연료비 1만 원당 주행 거리가 1km(연료 효율 1단위) 증가할 때마다 해당 연료 차량의 선택 확률은 2.2% 증가하고, 대체 가능한 차량의 모델 수가 하나 증가할 때마다 해당 차량의 선택 확률은 20.5% 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 별도의 조사 없이 주기적으로 국가에서 시행되는 에너지총조사 결과를 이용하여 자동차 선택에 대한 소비자 선호를 분석하는 것이 가능하다는 것을 보여주었다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.463-476
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• 2016

Objectives: Environmental, social and personal factors influence eating patterns. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between unhealthy food outlets within a residential area and obesity using nationally representative Korean survey data and data from the Census on Establishments. Methods: Data on the food intakes and socioeconomic variables of a total of 9,978 adults aged ${\geq}19$ years were obtained from the 2013-2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Geographic locations of restaurants were obtained from the 2013 Census on Establishments in Korea. Administrative area was categorized into tertiles of count of unhealthy food outlets based on the distribution of number of unhealthy food outlets among all urban (Dong) and rural (Eup or Myun) administrative districts in Korea. Multilevel logistic regressions model were used to assess the association between the number of unhealthy food outlets and obesity. Results: People living in the district with the highest count of unhealthy food outlets had higher intakes of fat (45.8 vs. 44.4 g/day), sodium (4,142.6 vs. 3,949.8 mg/day), and vitamin A (753.7 vs. $631.6 {\mu}gRE/day$) compared to those living in the district with the lowest count of unhealthy food outlets. A higher count of unhealthy food outlets was positively associated with frequent consumption of instant noodles, pizza, hamburgers and sandwiches, sweets and sour pork or pork cutlets, fried chicken, snacks, and cookies. Higher exposure to unhealthy food outlets was associated with increased odds of obesity (1st vs. 3rd tertile; OR 1.689; 95% CI 1.098-2.599). Conclusions: A high count of unhealthy food outlets within a residential area is positively associated with the prevalence of obesity in Korea. The results suggest that food environmental factors affects the health outcomes and interventions aiming to restrict the availability of unhealthy food outlets in local neighborhoods may be a useful obesity prevention strategy.