• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.62-70
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• 2024

Background: The management of cleft lip and palate aims at improving the patient's aesthetic and functional outcomes. Delaying primary repair can disrupt the patient's functional status. Long-term follow-up is essential to evaluate the need for secondary repair or revision surgery. This article presents the epidemiology of cleft lip and palate, including comprehensive patient characteristics, the extent of delay, and secondary repair at our institutional center, the Bandung Cleft Lip and Palate Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia. Methods: This retrospective study aimed to determine the epidemiology and recurrence rates of cleft lip and palate at the Bandung Cleft Lip and Palate Center, Indonesia, from January 2007 to December 2021. The inclusion criteria were patients diagnosed with cleft lip and/or palate. Procedures such as labioplasty, palatoplasty, secondary lip and nasal repair, and alveolar bone grafting were performed, and data on recurrence were available. Results: In total, there were 3,618 patients with cleft lip and palate, with an age range of 12 months to 67 years. The mean age was 4.33 years, and the median age was 1.35 years. Males predominated over females in all cleft types (60.4%), and the cleft lip was on the left side in 1,677 patients (46.4%). Most cases were unilateral (2,531; 70.0%) and complete (2,349; 64.9%), and involved a diagnosis of cleft lip and palate (1,981; 54.8%). Conclusion: Delayed primary labioplasty can affect daily functioning. Primary repair for patients with cleft lip and palate may be postponed due to limited awareness, socioeconomic factors, inadequate facilities, and varying adherence to treatment guidelines. Despite variations in the timing of primary cleft lip repair (not adhering to the recommended protocol), only 10% of these patients undergo reoperation. Healthcare providers should prioritize the importance of the ideal timing for primary repair in order to optimize physiological function without compromising the aesthetic results.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.28-38
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• 2002

Background: Chronic paranasal sinusitis is one of the most common disease in the otorhinolaryngologic field. Endoscopic sinus surgery is treatment of choice in chronic paranasal sinusitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate objective and subjective treatment outcomes of endoscopic sinus surgery in adult chronic paranasal sinusitis with or without polyp. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 84 adult patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery by one surgeon from June 1999 to June 2000, prospectively. We analyzed preoperative and postoperative subjective symptom scores and acoustic rhinometric results. Results: Fifty cases were male and thirty four cases female. The average age was of 33 year-old (range: 17 to 66 years). There was significantly improvement of symptom scores in postoperative 3 months and 6 months compared with preoperative symptom scores. There was significantly increased postoperative total volume of nasal cavity. When we compared high score group with low score group, there was statistically significant improvement of symptom scores between preoperative stage and postoperative 3 months in radiologic grading group. Conclusions: Endoscopic sinus surgery is considered to be effective for the treatment of chronic paranasal sinusitis. It seems to be helpful to employ subjective symptom score system and objective total volume change of nasal cavity through acoustic rhinometric test to analyze effectiveness of endoscopic sinus surgery. In this study, the most important preoperative factor of sinus surgery outcomes is radiologic grading system.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.368-375
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• 2013

Purpose: This study is to evaluate the location of descending palatine artery, the anatomy of pterygomaxillary junction, and the association between the obtained anatomic values and several variables. Methods: We studied 40 patients who were treated for dentofacial deformites from January 2010 to December 2012 in Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea. Cone beam computed tomogram (CBCT) was done for all patients. The reference point was approximately 5 to 7 mm above anterior nasal spine on axial image. We evaluated the location of the greater palatine canal (line a: on the coronal view, the shortest line between the center of greater palatine canal and pterygoid fossa; distance a: the distance of line a). We also measured the thickness (line b: on the coronal view, the shortest line between maxillary posterior sinus wall and pterygoid fossa; distance b: distance of line b), width (line c: on the coronal view, the line perpendicular to the line b and the nearest line from the most concave point of lateral pterygoid plate to the medial pterygoid plate; distance c: distance of line c) and height (line d: on sagittal view, the vertically longest line of pterygoid junction; distance d: the distance of line d) in pterygomaxillary junctions. We evaluated the association between the obtained anatomic values and several variables (sex, age, height and weight). Results: The mean distance a was 4.78 mm, mean distance b was 5.53 mm, mean distance c was 8.01 mm and mean distance d was 13.22 mm. The differences between age and mean distance c and weight and mean distance d in pterygomaxillary junctions are statistically significant. Conclusion: There apparently is anatomic variation of pterygomaxillary junctions by various values, particularly weight and age in a Korean clinical population.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.439-447
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• 2011

Introduction: In today's society, the rapid and appropriate care of the dental emergency patients is much more important. So, a retrospective study on the characteristics of emergency dental injuries and diseases will be very meaningful. Materials and Methods: This retrospective clinical study was carried by reviewing the radiographic films and emergency chart of 11,493 patients who had visited the emergency room of Hallym Sacred heart Hospital and were treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from January 2006 to December 2010. Results: The male to female ratio was 1.9:1. The highest monthly incidence was observed in May (10.4%) and June (8.9%) and the peak age distribution was the first decade (56.0%), followed by the second decade (16.0%). Trauma was the most common cause in dental emergency patients, followed in order by toothache, odontogenic infection, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder and oral hemorrhage. Soft tissue injury was most prevalent in the trauma group, followed by tooth injury and facial bone fractures. In the tooth injury group, tooth fracture (56.7%) showed the highest incidence followed in order by tooth subluxation (18.2%), tooth concussion (16.9%), tooth avulsion (11.5%) and alveolar bone fractures (3.7%). In the facial bone fracture group, mandibular fractures (81.8%) showed the highest incidence followed in order by maxilla fractures (15.7%), nasal bone fractures (9.0%), zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures (5.4%), orbital bone fractures (2.5%). In mandibular bone fractures, the most common location was the symphysis (70.1%), followed in order by the mandibular angle (33.0%), mandibular condyle (22.8%) and mandibular body (13.6%). In the infection group, a submandibular space abscess (46.2%) was most common followed in order by a buccal space abscess (17.4%), canine space abscess (16.9%) and submental space abscess (12.3%). TMJ dislocation (89.3%) showed the highest incidence in the TMJ disorder group, followed by TMJ derangement (10.7%). In the other group, a range of specific symptoms due to post operation complications, trigeminal neuralgia, chemical burns and foreign body aspiration were reported. Conclusion: For the rapid and appropriate care of the dental emergency patients, well-organized system should be presented in oral and maxillofacial surgery. And it is possible under analysis of pattern and the variation of the dental emergency patients.

• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.61 no.12
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• pp.674-680
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• 2018

Background and Objectives The representative mucin genes in the human airway are MUC5AC and MUC5B, which are regulated by several inflammatory and anti-inflammatory substances. Triptolide (TPL), udenafil, betulinic acid, changkil saponin, and glucosteroid are some of the many anti-inflammatory substances that exist. TPL is a diterpenoid compound from the thunder god vine, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of immune inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, nephritis and asthma. However, the effects of TPL on mucin expression of human airway epithelial cells have yet to be reported. Hence, this study investigated the effect of TPL on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced MUC5AC and MUC5B expression in human airway epithelial cells. Subjects and Method The NCI-H292 cells and the primary cultures of human nasal epithelial cells were used to investigate the effects of TPL on LPS-induced MUC5AC and MUC5B expression using real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme immunoassay, and Western blot. Results TPL significantly decreased the LPS-induced MUC5AC and MUC5B mRNA expression and protein production. TPL also significantly decreased the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) phosphorylation. Conclusion These results suggest that TPL down regulates MUC5AC and MUC5B expression via inhibition of NF-kB activation in human airway epithelial cells. This study may provide important information about the biological role of triptolide on mucus-secretion in airway inflammatory diseases and the development of novel therapeutic agents for controlling such diseases.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.261-263
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• 2014

A 10-year-old castrated male papillon presented with nasal discharge, coughing and chronic dysphagia. On physical examination, the dog exhibited sneezing, gurgling and movement of the throat with repeated attempts to swallow fluids. A diagnosis of cricopharyngeal achalasia (CPA) was made based on video fluoroscopic demonstration of failure of relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter. This report describes the diagnosis of CPA in an old dog, which is rarely diagnosed in older animals.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.233-236
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• 2014

In order to reduce jaw fracture accompanied by basal skull or nasal fracture, submental intubation could be generally performed. Albeit submental intubation has been widely accepted, it could develop complications such as nerve injury, glandular duct injury, and orocutaneous fistula. Here, we suggest oral intubation for overcoming complications and providing more stable surgical environment in emergency case. Under oral intubation maintaining in retromolar triangle and buccal corridor space, intermaxillary fixation was successfully underwent in 38-years-old female patient with Le Fort I fracture accompanied by pneumocephalus.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.315-321
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• 2017

The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) has been popularized in adults and has been applied to an expanding range of surgical modules and indications in this population. However, its clinical application in pediatric neurosurgery has been impeded by the differences in anatomical features and the relatively low incidence of diseases to which it is applicable. In this review article, we mainly discuss the surgical indications, feasibility, and complications of EEA for suprasellar lesions in children based on a review of the literature, focusing especially on the age-related anatomical features of the nasal cavity, various pathologic entities, and the impact of EEA on long-term craniofacial growth.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.74-77
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• 2003

Pyogenic granuloma is very uncommon disease. It is a benign, elevated, and capillary-rich lesion occupying on the skin and mucous membranes, and is a reactive lesion, an overgrowth of granulation tissue. And this lesion may grow rapidly and can recur frequently. Pyogenic granuloma usually occurs on the lip, tongue, oral mucosa, and nasal mucosa. But, pyogenic granuloma of vocal cords is very rare. Recently, we experienced a case of pyogenic granuloma of a 48-year-old man who had been presented with hoarseness for 3 months. He was diagnosed pyogenic granuloma after laryngeal microscopic surgery. So we report this rare case with review of literatures.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.151-158
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• 2018

Zygomatic fractures are the second most common fractures of the facial skeleton, after nasal bone fractures. Due to its uniqueness, the malar bone plays a very important role in maintaining appropriate facial contours. Zygomatic fractures can cause ocular and mandibular functional impairment, along with cosmetic defects. With the help of advanced imaging techniques and various treatment options, the management of zygomatic fractures has become more sophisticated and less invasive. This article discusses zygomatic fractures in detail: their clinical and radiographic features, and the various treatment options available.