• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.63-67
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• 2009

Background and Objectives: In patients with asthma, increased obstruction and resistance of airway result in impairment in the generation of voice. Allergy and nasal polyposis, which are frequently observed in patients with asthma, are other factors that affect the vocal performance. Bronchodilators and steroids are commonly used in the treatment of asthma, and these agents also have been reported to be associated with voice changes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the voice quality in patients with mild to-moderate asthma by subjective and objective methods. Materials and Methods: A total of 36 patients with asthma established in the Department of Respiratory Medicine were included in this study. 23 were women and 13 were men, with a mean age of 51.7 years. The average duration of asthma was 77.0 months. All patients had mild-to moderate asthma. Acoustic and aerodynamic analyses were performed and the movements of the vocal cords were examined by videolaryngostroboscopy (VLS). Voice Handicap Index (VHI) and GRABS scales were used for subjective evaluations. Results: 50% of patients suffered from dysphonia and FO was 119.3${\pm}$23.7 Hz in male and 198.2${\pm}$18.4 Hz in female patients. There were no significant differences in average shimmer and NHR between females (4.90${\pm}$2.95% ; 0.1O${\pm}$0.04 dB) and males (4.64${\pm}$2.45% ; 0.20${\pm}$0.15 dB). However, the value of jitter was greater for females (2.60${\pm}$1.92%) than for males (1.21${\pm}$0.84%). The VHI score was above the normal limit in 35%, and VLS findings were shown diverse abnormality in 89% asthmatics from mucosal change to hyperfunction of supragottis and contact granuloma. But duration of illness and steroid dose did not correlate with these findings. Conclusion: Subjective and objective abnormality was shown in more than 50% of asthmatic patients. We suggest that persons who suffer from asthma should be examined for possible voice disorders by laryngologist. Additionally, appropriate medical care and voice therapy should be provided for those who have voice disorders associated with asthma.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.175-181
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• 2002

Intermaxillary fixation and occusal splint are routine procedure for maxillofacial fracture and orthognathic surgery. When these methods could obstruct oral airway the patients who kept intermaxillary fixation and occusal splint in their mouth, are very difficult to breath after surgery. Nasal bleeding and pharyngeal edema due to nasotracheal intubation, residual effect of muscle relaxants, and anesthetic agent could be contributing factor of airway obstruction. In this study, pulmonary function test was evaluated before and after intermaxillary fixation, and intermaxillary fixation with occusal splint in 22 volunteers. The results were as follows 1. FVC, %FVC, $FEV_1$, $FEV_1%$, PEF, $PEF_{50}$, MVV without intermaxillary fixtion were 4.45L, 88%, 4.03L, 90.9%, 10.26L/s, 5.53L/s, and 136.14L/min, and with intermaxillary fixation were 3.51L, 68.67%, 3.06L, 69.39L, 6.52L/s, 3.94L/s, and 69.39L/min. The results with intermaxillary fixation and occusal splint were 2.15L, 42.41%, 1.71L, 38.81%, 2.83L/s, 1.74L/s, and 37.14L/min. 2. Compared with before and after intermaxillary fixation, all values of pulmonary function test were decreased and after intermaxillary fixation and intermaixillary fixation with occulasal splint, the results were decreased. 3. MVV and PEF were decreased significantly with interaxillary fixtion and occusal splint, and FVC was less decreased. It meant that intermaxillary fixation and occluasal splint induced reduction of respiratory flow significantly, but less reduction of respiratory volume. 4. Intermaxillary fixation and occulsal splint induced increase of airway resistance, decrease of expiratory volume and air flow. So severe respiratory difficulty could be seen to all volunteers who kept intermaxillary fixtion and occusal splint. 5. In classification of respiratory difficulty, intermaxillary fixation with occulsal splint induced complex respiratory difficulty more than intermaxillary fixation only did. From the above results, doctors who care patients kept intermaxillary fixation and occusal splint should be aware of respiratory depression caused by these treatment.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.149-157
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• 2021

2019년 11월에 중국 우한지역에서 발생한 COVID-19가 세계적 대유행(Pandemic)이 시작된 지도 1여년이 지났다. 2021년 1월 현재, 세계적으로 9천 5백여만 명이 감염되었으며, 사망자는 2백만여 명을 상위하고 있다. 우리나라도 감염자가 7만 3천여 명, 사망자 1천 3백여 명에 달하여 감염예방을 위한 사회적 거리두기 등의 정책을 시행하고 있다. 이에 따라 각종 체육시설이 폐쇄되는 등 신체활동 환경에 많은 위축이 발생하였다. 국가 정책에 협조하면서도 감염의 예방과 건강생활을 유지하기 위한 신체활동에 대한 고찰이 필요하였다. 본 연구는 심장병과 당뇨의 위험을 감소시키고 골밀도를 개선시키며, 건강 수명의 연장과 노화에 따른 활동수행력을 유지시키고 심리적 불안과 우울증을 개선시키는 신체활동의 이득을 살펴보았다. 더불어 COVID-19 감염 예방을 위한 사회적 거리두기 등으로 인한 운동중단 상황에서 발생할 수 있는 생리적 변화들을 고찰하였다. 중정도의 유산소운동은 자연살해세포와 호중성백혈구, 항체반응을 활성화시켜 면역기능 강화에 도움을 준다. 하지만 장시간 고강도 운동은 운동 후 수 시간 동안 혈중 B-세포, T-세포, 자연살해세포의 수준과 기능을 감소시키며 비강의 호중성 백혈구의 식균작용을 저하와 염증성 사이토카인을 증가시켜 면역기능을 일시적으로 떨어뜨려 감염을 증가시킨다. 따라서 COVID-19 시대에는 면역기능에 장애를 초래하는 마라톤 같은 장시간 고강도 운동은 자제하고, 감염예방에 도움을 주는 빠르게 걷기 같은 중강도의 규칙적인 유산소성 운동과 근육량 감소를 예방하기 위한 저항운동에 참여할 것을 권장하고자 한다.