• 제목/요약/키워드: Nasal formant

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정상 모음에 대한 구강 및 비강 spectral output 분석 (Oral and Nasal Spectral Outputs in Korean Oral Vowels)

  • 홍기환;최승철;김범규;양윤수;심현아
    • 음성과학
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.145-157
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    • 2003
  • Vowels are classified by the shapes of vocal tract. These shapes form constriction points along the tract, which have an influence on such vocal tract resonance as F1, F2, F3, and so on. The formant frequency is influenced by aperture and placement of tongue and the intensity is influenced by air pressure of subglottis. The object of this study compares to characterize the spectral outputs of oral and nasal spectra for the formant frequencies and intensity of Korean oral vowels. Subjects consisted of 20 normal persons (10 male and 10 female) without laryngeal pathology. The speech sample included /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/ of Korean oral vowels. The spectrum of each vowel was analysed by Nasal View and Real Analysis Program using Dr. Speech. The result showed that nasal intensity is decreased manifestly from F1 to F2. But oral intensity and Intensity is decreased little bit from F1 to F2. The most of values of nasal formant frequency is similarity oral formant frequency and Formant frequency or little bit smaller.

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비폐색 부위에 따른 비강자음의 음향학적 특성 및 비음도의 변화 (Acoustic Characteristics of Nasal Consonants and the Change of Nasalance according to the Sites of Nasal Obstruction)

  • 손영익;정유석;이은경;정원호
    • 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.27-31
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    • 1998
  • Nasal sounds include nasalized vowels and consonants. Nasal cavity is important for the acoustics of nasal sounds. Evaluating the effects of site-specific nasal obstruction on nasal sound will help us to understand the importance of nasal geometry for the nasal sound and to foretell voice change after nasal surgery This study was designed to analyze the change of nasality and formant characteristics of nasal sound by obstructing different sites around the ostiomeatal unit(OMU). Ten adult male and female volunteers participated. The nasal formants and bandwidths of nasal consonant /n/ were checked in various conditions of nasal obstruction. The nasalance of rabbit, baby, and mama passages were compared in each conditions. Nasalance of all passages decreased when anterior portion of OMU was obstructed. Center frequency of first nasal formant(NF1) of /n/ has decreased in the order of anterior, inferior obstruction. The bandwidth of NF1 decreased in female with anterior obstruction. Anterior portion of OMU is most critical to the change of nasality and acoustics of nasal consonant. When anterior portion of OMU is obstructed, the shift of NF1 to a lower frequency and the narrowing of NF1 bandwidth are the major acoustic changes of nasal consonant /n/.

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비후성 비염환자에서 음성검사 및 음향비강통기도검사를 이용한 수술전후 비교 (Postoperative Change in Hypertrophic Rhinitis(Study Using Nasometer, CSL and Acoustic Rhinometer))

  • 유영삼;우훈영;윤자복;최정환;조경래
    • 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.34-38
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    • 2001
  • Background and Objectives : With the development of computerized systems, an objective evaluation methods of nasal speech and nasal geometry have become readily available by means of a simple, noninvasive technique. In this study, we assessed the nasality, nasal formant, nasal volume and nasal area in patients with hypertrophic rhinitis before and after turbinate surgery. Material and Method : With the nasometer, we measured nasalance, which reflects the ratio of acoustic energy output of nasal sounds from the nasal and oral cavities. With CSL 4300B, we measured nasal formants. We used acoustic rhinometer to measure nasal area and nasal volume. Postoperative changes of above factors were compared with preoperative values. Paired t-test and Pearson's correlation were used for statistical analysis. Results : The first nasal formant frequency, nasalance scores of three passages(baby, mamma and rabbit passages), minimal cross sectional area(MCA) of narrow side, nasal volume of narrow side and nasal volume of wide side had increased significantly after turbinate surgery (p <0.05). The MCA and nasal volume of narrow side and MCA of wide side showed significant correlation with nasalance score of rabbit passage and baby passage showed significant correlation with nasal volume of narrow side(p<0.05). Conclusion : There were significant increases in nasalance scores, first nasal formant frequency, MCA and nasal volume after turbinate surgery. Thus, we must consider the possibility of voice changes postoperatively in professional voice users.

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편도적출술이 구강 및 비강 음향스팩트럼에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Tonsillectomy on Oral and Nasal Spectral Outputs for Sustained Vowel)

  • 최동일;공일승;이은정;소상수;양윤수;홍기환
    • 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.33-38
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    • 2007
  • Background and Objectives: It has been suggested that tonsillectomy possibly causes changes of voice because the morphology of the vocal tract is altered. This may cause serious problems for professional voice users. Materials and Method: Subjects were 26 patients. The oral and nasal sound spectrum of oral vowel /a/, /e/ and /i/ were measured before and after tonsillectomy. The formant frequencies and intensities for oral and nasal spectra were compared. The nasality and fundamental frequencies for oral vowel were measured. Results: The first formant frequencies for oral spectra of all vowels were not changed after surgery, but the second formant frequencies were increased significantly after surgery in the vowel /e/ and /i/. The first and second formant intensities for oral spectra were increased significantly after surgery in the all vowels. The first and second formant frequencies for nasal spectra of all vowels were not changed after surgery, but their intensities for nasal spectra were increased after surgery. The nasalities for oral vowel were not changed after surgery. Conclusion : Tonsillectomy appeared to change the spectral features of oral and nasal components of oral vowel, especially spectral intensities.

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한국어 비음의 음향적 특성에 관한 실험음성학적 연구 (An Experimental Phonetic Study on the Acoustic Characteristics of the Korean Nasal Sound)

  • 성철재
    • 대한음성학회지:말소리
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    • 제31_32호
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    • pp.9-22
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    • 1996
  • This study aims to describe the acoustic characteristics of Korean nasal sounds making use of the notion of pole and zero. In case of [m], the 1st and 4th formant almost remains as the original shape respectively, on the contrary, the 2nd and 3rd formant were observed as a variable cluster together. Alveolar [n] shows that the 3rd and 4th formant make a variable cluster with their antiformant(zero), however, the 1st and 2nd formant keep the static shape of their on. Velar [$\eta$] has 4 formants below 2900 Hz and the 3rd and 4th formant constitute a variable cluster together as does the case [n]. With respect to the energy distribution in case of [n] and [$\eta$], the energy value diminishes from Fl up to F3 continuously but augments in F4. The [m] shows that in the region of Fl-F2 does the energy fall down and rise from F3 to above.

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비중격 성형술 및 하비잡개 절제술 후 비개존도 측정을 위한 Nasometer와 제1포만트 측정의 유용성 (Significance of Nasometer and First Formant for Nasal Patency After Septoplasty and Turbinoplasty)

  • 진성민;강현국;이경철;박상욱;이성채;이용배
    • 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.161-165
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    • 1997
  • Background : The rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry can assess e nasal passage dynamically and statically Recently, analytic methods such as nasometer and sound spectrogram are gaining wide attention to evaluate the nasality objectively. Objectives : firstly to determine if ere was a relationship between the new methods and nasal airway resistance, and secondly to establish if the measurement of nasalance and sound spectrum could be used as an alternative to rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry. Materials and Methods : Thirty two patients who underwent either septoplasty and turbinectomy for nasal obstruction were studied. And their ages ranged form 15 to 45 years, with an average of 26.1 years. The rhinomanometry, nasometer, sound spectrogram were performed at preoperative and postoperative 4 weeks day. Results : After operation, subjective symptoms and rhinomanometric results were significantly improved but nasalance and slope of nana, mama and mamma passage had not meningful change. The significnat changes were noted in nasalance and first nasal formant frequency of nasal consonant of velum(angang). Conclusion : Nasometer and sound spectrogram had a limitation for the measure of nasal patency.

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비성화된 모음의 음형대 특성 연구 (A Study about Formant Characteristics of Nasalized Vowels)

  • 김효정;정옥란;권도하
    • 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한음성학회 2003년도 10월 학술대회지
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    • pp.55-58
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this paper was to analyze the effects of nasalization on vowels. Ten males and 7 females produced 5 vowels (/a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/) in conditions: normal and nasalized. In this study we compared normal vowels' formant with nasalized vowels' and examined nasal-formant in the nasalized vowels. The results was as follows: First, there was a significant difference between normal vowels and nasalized in terms of F1 and F2. Second, the nasal formants were observed in nasalized vowels more frequently in females than males. Third, N1 appeared to influence F1 of vowels whereas N2 seemed to have an impact on F2 and/or F3.

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편도적출술로 음성변화가 올 수 있는 편도 상태에 관한 연구 (The Study of Tonsil Affected Voice Quality after Tonsillectomy)

  • 안철민;정덕희
    • 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.32-37
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    • 1998
  • Tonsillectomy is the one of operation that is performed the most commonly in otolaryngology field. Many changes that include range of voice, tone, voice quality and resonance were made by tonsillectomy. Sometimes, any patients taken tonsillectomy has suffer from these voice problem after tonsillectomy. However there are less study for these problems until now. Then, we studied to find the anatomical findings that affected the voice quality when tonsillectomy was performed. We evaluated the voice in 2 groups, one is the group showed the normal pharyngeal space by using the transnasal fiberscopy, the other is group showed medially bulging tonsil at pharyngeal cavity by using same method, with perceptual evaluation, nasalance score, nasality, oral formant and nasal formant. We used the computerized speech analysis system, the nasometer and the spectrogram in the CSL program. We could not find any differences in perceptual evaluation between two groups. But objective measures were provided. Nasalance score and nasality on the nasometric analysis were increased significantly and oral formant on the spectrogram was changed singnificantly after tonsillectomy in Group 2. Authors thought medially bulging tonsil in the pharynx is able to affect the voice quality after tonsillectomy when we evaluted through the nasal cavity by the using of fiberscopy and this evaluation would be important especially in singers.

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포르만트 위치비교를 이용한 구개열 환자의 발음분석 (Sound Analysis of Cleft Platate Patinents Using Formant Position)

  • 김덕원;송철규
    • 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.283-288
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    • 1990
  • As one of the main purpose of the physical management of cleft palate is to provide for the anatomic and physiologic requisites for speech, the speech must be as one of the criteria for determining when physical management has been achieved. But there is no objective methods to evaluate the speech of cleft palate patients. The authors tried to analyze the speech of adult cleft palate patients using sound spectrog raphy and compared with normal adults. The results were obtained as follows ; 1. In Vowels, cleft palate patients of both sexes showed reduction of frequency of the first and second formant as compared to normal. There was minimal difference in front vowels (i, e, ae) 2. In consonants, cleft palate patients showed reduction of frequency of the first formant in both sexes but reduction of frequency of the second formant was noticed only in fe- male patients. 3. There was no statistical difference in sound spectrograph between plosive, fricative, africative, nasal, and glide consonants.

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음향음성학 파라미터를 사용한 비음 위치 검출 (Nasal Place Detection with Acoustic Phonetic Parameters)

  • 이석명;최정윤;강홍구
    • 한국음향학회지
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    • 제31권6호
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    • pp.353-358
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    • 2012
  • 논문은 지식기반의 음성인식 시스템에서 비음 위치를 검출하기 위한 음향음성학적 파라미터를 제시하였다. 음향음성학적 파라미터는 앞선 연구자들의 연구내용을 토대로 비강을 통해 음성이 발성될 때 나타나는 특징을 기반으로 하여 선별하였다. 선별된 파라미터들은 대역별 에너지 비율, 대역별 에너지의 차이, 포먼트 그리고 포먼트의 차이로써, 비음 위치에 따라 변화하는 조음기관의 영향을 잘 나타내 주었다. 이러한 음향음성학 파라미터를 이용하여 비음을 순비음(/m/), 치경비음(/n/), 그리고 연구개비음(/ng/)으로 나누는 실험을 진행하였고, TIMIT 데이터베이스로 실험하였을 때 57.5%의 검출률을 얻을 수 있었다.