• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.527-533
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• 2018

There have been many advances in endoscopic imaging technologies. Magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging is an innovative optical technology that enables the precise discrimination of structural changes on the mucosal surface. Several studies have demonstrated its usefulness and superiority for tumor detection and differential diagnosis in the stomach as compared with conventional endoscopy. Furthermore, magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging has the potential to predict the invasion depth and tumor margins during gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection. Classifications of the findings of magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging based on microvascular and pit patterns have been proposed and have shown excellent correlations with invasion depth confirmed by microscopy. In terms of tumor margin prediction, magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging offers superior delineation of gastric tumor margins compared with traditional chromoendoscopy with indigo carmine. The limitations of narrow-band imaging, such as the need for considerable training, long procedure time, and lack of studies about its usefulness in undifferentiated cancer, should be resolved to confirm its value as a complementary method to endoscopic submucosal dissection. However, the role of magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging is expected to increase steadily with the increasing use of endoscopic submucosal dissection for the treatment of gastric tumors.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.56-64
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• 2022

Narrow-band imaging (NBI) is the most widely used image-enhanced endoscopic technique. The superficial microanatomy of gastric mucosa can be visualized when used with a magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI). The diagnostic criteria for early gastric cancer (EGC), using the classification system for microvascular and microsurface pattern of ME-NBI, have been developed, and their usefulness has been proven in the differential diagnosis of small depressed cancer from focal gastritis and in lateral extent delineation of EGC. Some studies reported on the prediction of histologic differentiation and invasion depth of gastric cancer using ME-NBI; however, its application is limited in clinical practice, and further well-designed studies are necessary. Clinicians should understand the ME-NBI classification system and acquire appropriate diagnostic skills through various experiences and training to improve the quality of endoscopy for EGC diagnosis.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.15 no.spc1
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• pp.39-60
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• 2000

We will discuss two-dimmensional spectrophotometry including long-slit spectroscopy and narrow-band imaging. The basic principles, applications, and techniques of observations and data reduction of spectroscopy and spectrophotometry for extended objects are described. This discussion will focus on practical long-slit spectroscopy using a Cassegrain spectrograph attached with 2 or 4m class telescopes and on imaging spectrophotometry using narrow-band interference filter sets. We will discuss scientific applications.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.541-546
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• 2018

Recent advances in cholangiopancreatoscopy technology permit image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) for pancreatobiliary diseases. There are limitations in endoscopy performance and in the study of the clinical role of IEE in bile duct or pancreatic duct diseases. However, currently available IEEs during cholangiopancreatoscopy including traditional dye-aided chromoendoscopy, autofluorescence imaging, narrow-band imaging, and i-Scan have been evaluated and reported previously. Although the clinical role of IEE in pancreatobiliary diseases should be verified in future studies, IEE is a useful promising tool in the evaluation of bile duct or pancreatic duct mucosal lesions.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.49.2-49.2
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• 2018

Flux calibration for narrow band photometric data gives us an opportunity to get a line flux of extended targets. We developed flux calibration processes for narrow band photometry using broad band filters as a continuum indicator. We derived parameters for color correction and zero point correction including color terms. Applying our method, we successfully subtracted continuum emissions and calibrated the emission lines from an FU Ori type object, V960 Mon.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.68 no.1
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• pp.16-21
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• 2010

Background: Lung cancer is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, resulting in a poor prognosis. The detection of these lesions at an earlier stage would be a clear benefit to patients. However, it is extremely difficult to detect carcinomatous lesions in the bronchial mucosal sites during a routine bronchoscopy. Methods: This study employed a novel optical technique, known as narrowband imaging (NBI), which allows noninvasive visualization of the microvascular structure of an organ's surface using reflected light. Results: Narrow band imaging was performed on 10 patients who were radiologically suspicious or had a high risk of lung cancer. The median age of the patients was 57.5 years (range, 44~81 years), and 80% of the patients were male. All lesions showed a microvascular proliferation pattern (dotted, tortuous and abruptly ending vessel) on the magnified NBI. Two lesions were confirmed histologically to be adenocarcinoma and the remaining lesions were squamous cell carcinomas. Two lesions were confirmed histologically to be a carcinoma in situ. Conclusion: NBI is a promising and potentially powerful tool for identifying carcinomas at an earlier stage or a central lesion during a routine bronchoscopy examination.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.210-214
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• 2011

Background and Objectives : Narrow Band Imaging(NBI) is a novel optical technique that enhances the visualization of superficial microvascular architecture which is commonly increased and founded as an irregular shape in a neoplastic lesion. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the usefulness of NBI in the diagnosis of Head and Neck Cancer. Subjects and Methods : From December 2009 to January 2011, 31 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with head and neck malignancy were enrolled in this prospective study. The malignant findings of NBI were demarcated brownish lesion or increased intraepithelial papillary capillary loops(IPCLs) with or without irregularity. Results : There were 29 cases(93.5%) of well demarcated brownish lesion, 26 cases(83.9%) of increased IPCLs and 4 cases(12.9%) of satellite lesions. Diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic examination was increased from 83.9% to 93.5%, when NBI was applied to the conventional endoscopy(p>0.05). Conclusion : NBI is a powerful and safe screening test, which can be performed in out patient clinic without any supplementary procedure.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.5-8
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• 2011

The proliferation of new technologies has significantly enhanced the diagnostic capabilities of flexible bronchoscopy compared with traditional methods. Narrow band imaging (NBI), an optical technique in which filtered light enhances superficial neoplasms based on their neoangiogenic patterns, was developed to screen for central intraepithelial moderate or severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ (CIS), and microinvasive neoplasia in patients at risk for lung cancer. Because angiogenesis occurs preferentially in dysplastic and neoplastic lesions, NBI may identify early dysplastic lesions better than white light bronchoscopy (WLB) currently in use. NBI bronchoscopy can be used not only to detect precancerous lesions, but also to screen for cancerous lesions. We prospectively evaluated 101 patients with suspected lung cancer between July 2009 and June 2010. All were previously scheduled for flexible bronchoscopy CT scans. Abnormal NBI was defined by Shibuya's descriptors (tortuous, dotted, or spiral and screw patterns). Biopsies of 132 lesions in 92 patients showed that 78 lesions (59.1%) were malignant and 54 (40.9%) were benign. The diagnostic sensitivity of bronchoscopy in detecting malignancy was 96.2% (75/78). When assorted by lesion pattern, the sensitivity and specificity of NBI bronchoscopy in detecting malignancies were 69.2% (54/78) and 96.3% (52/54), respectively, for the spiral and screw pattern and 14.1% (11/78) and 96.3% (52/54), respectively, for the dotted pattern. Unexpectedly, additional cancerous lesions were detected in five patients (2 dotted and 3 spiral and screw). As a screening tool for malignant lesions, NBI bronchoscopy should assess combinations of all three lesion. The dotted and spiral and screw patterns may be helpful in determining which lesions should be biopsied. NBI bronchoscopy may be useful not only for the diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer but also for more accurate local staging of lung cancer.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.558-562
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• 2018

Background/Aims: While the occurrence of multiple whitish flat elevated lesions (MWFL) was first reported in 2007, no studies on MWFL have been published to date. The present retrospective observational study aimed to clarify the endoscopic findings and clinicopathological features of MWFL. Methods: Subjects were consecutive patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy as part of routine screening between April 2014 and March 2015. The conventional white-light, non-magnifying and magnifying narrow-band images were reviewed. Clinical features were compared between patients with and without MWFL. Results: The conventional endoscopic findings of MWFL include multiple whitish, flat, and slightly elevated lesions of various sizes, mainly located in the gastric body and fundus. Narrow-band imaging enhanced the contrast of MWFL and background mucosa, and magnifying narrow-band imaging depicted a uniformly long, narrow, and elliptical marginal crypt epithelium with an unclear microvascular pattern. Histopathological findings revealed hyperplastic changes of the foveolar epithelium, and parietal cell protrusions and oxyntic gland dilatations were observed in the fundic glands, without any intestinal metaplasia. The rate of acid-reducing drug use was significantly higher in patients with MWFL than in those without (100% [13/13] vs. 53.7% [88/164], p<0.001). Conclusions: The present study indicated a relationship between the presence and endoscopic features of MWFL and history of acid-reducing drug use.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.100-100
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• 2017