• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.771-777
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• 2017

Carbon nano tubes (CNTs)를 흡착제로 사용하여 회분식 실험을 통해 염료 Eosin Y의 흡착특성을 조사하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 CNTs는 비표면적이 $106.9m^2/g$, 기공부피는 $1.806cm^3/g$, 기공직경은 $163.2{\AA}$이었다. CNTs를 이용한 Eosin Y의 흡착실험은 흡착시간, 초기 pH (2~10), 염료 농도(100, 150 및 200 mg/L), 흡착제의 양(0.05~1.0 g)과 온도(293, 313 및 333 K)를 변수로 사용하여 수행하였다. 흡착은 pH와 온도가 낮을수록 잘 이루어졌으며, Langmuir 모델식에 잘 적용되었다. 또한 흡착반응은 유사 2차 속도식에 잘 적용되었으며, 온도가 증가함에 따라 흡착량이 감소하였다. 입자 내 확산 모델 결과는 흡착 과정에서 막확산과 입자확산이 동시에 일어나는 것을 시사해 주었다. 열역학적 해석에 의하면 CNTs에 의한 염료 Eosin Y의 흡착은 자발적이고 흡열특성을 보였다.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.160-165
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• 2006

Ni-SiC composite coating layers were prepared by electroplating method and their deposition rate, codeposition of SiC, morphology, surface roughness, hardness, wear and friction properties were investigated. It was found that the deposition rate and the codeposition of SiC in the composite coating layer increased with increasing concentration of SiC in the solution only at the early stage. Both of them reached certain maxima and then decreased with increasing concentration of SiC. Rough surface was obtained with increasing codeposition of SiC, which is probably due to the agglomeration of the SiC particle in the vicinity of surface. Vickers hardness increased with increasing codeposition of SiC and heat treatment at $300^{\circ}C$ in air for 1 hour. Wear volume decreased with increasing codeposition of SiC and friction coefficient increased with increasing codeposition of SiC at the early stage, and it became almost constant. Such wear and friction behaviors are desirable for the practical application.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2011

연료전지 폐스택으로부터 백금을 회수하여 재사용하기 위하여 백금의 농도, pH, 환원제, 분산제의 영향을 살펴본 결과 1 mM $H_2PtCl_6$:10 mM $NaBH_4$:8 mM Cl4TABr = 1:0.4:0.4(vol.%), pH4, $50^{\circ}C$, 160 rpm, 10분 조건에서 최적 백금 나노 입자 제조 조건을 확립하였다. 시용 후 폐기된 MEA로부터 산침출을 통해 회수되어진 백금 침출 용액으로부터 백금 모사 용액과 동일한 조건에서 5 nm 이하의 백금 나노 입자를 합성하였다. 백금 모사 용액과 백금 침출 용액으로부터 합성된 백금 나노 입자를 XPS 분석을 통해 백금 이온에서 zero-valent의 백금 나노 입자로 환원되었음을 확인하였다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.238-244
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• 2007

수열합성법으로 합성 제조한 TMA-A 제올라이트 내부에 이온교환법을 이용하여 나노사이즈의 ZnO 결정을 성공적으로 담지하였다. TMA-A 제올라이트의 최적 합성 조성비로는 $Al(i-pro)_3$:2.2 TEOS:2.4 TMAOH:0.3 NaOH:200 $H_2O$으로 된 용액이었다. ZnO를 담지시킨 TMA-A 제올라이트의 합성을 위하여 0.3g의 TMA-A 제올라이트와 5mol의 $ZnCl_2$ solution을 사용하였다. 각각의 시료를 혼합, 교반, 원심분리, 건조의 과정을 거쳐서 준비한 ZnO를 담지시킨 TMA-A 제올라이트 precursor를 $400{\sim}600^{\circ}C$에서 3시간 동안 열처리하였다. TMA-A 제올라이트의 결정화 과정을 X-ray diffraction (XRD)을 이용하여 분석하였으며, Brunaur-Emett-Teller(BET) 비표면적을 측정하였다. 또한, 온도와 시간에 따른 입자의 형상이나 크기를 scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) 및 입도분석을 통하여 관찰하였다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.242-248
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• 2009

Forsterite is a crystalline magnesium silicate with chemical formula $Mg_2SiO_4$, which has extremely low electrical conductivity that makes it an ideal substrate material for electronics. In this study, forsterite precursors were synthesized with magnesium silicate gels from the mixture of magnesium nitrate solution and various sodium silicate solution by the geopolymer technique. Precursors and heattreated powders were characterized by thermogravimetrical differential thermal analyzer(TG-DTA), X-ray diffractometer(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Si magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance(MAS-NMR), transmission electron microscopy(TEM). As the result of analysis about the crystallization behavior by DTA, the synthesized precursors were crystallized in the temperature range of $700^{\circ}C$ to $900^{\circ}C$. The XRD results showed that the gel composition began to crystallize at various temperature. Also, it was found that the sodium orthosilicate based precursors(named as 'FO') began to crystallize at above $550^{\circ}C$. The FO peaks were much stronger than sodium silicate solution based precursors(named as 'FW'), sodium metasilicate based precursors(named as 'FM') at $800^{\circ}C$. TEM investigation revealed that the 100nm particle sized sample was obtained from FO by heating up to $800^{\circ}C$.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.507-511
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• 2017

An optimum route to fabricate oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic superalloy with desired microstructure was investigated. Two methods of high energy ball milling or polymeric additive solution route for developing a uniform dispersion of $Y_2O_3$ particles in Fe-Cr-Al-Ti alloy powders were compared on the basis of the resulting microstructures. Microstructural observation revealed that the crystalline size of Fe decreased with increases in milling time, to values of about 15-20 nm, and that an FeCr alloy phase was formed. SEM and TEM analyses of the alloy powders fabricated by solution route using yttrium nitrate and polyvinyl alcohol showed that the nano-sized Y-oxide particles were well distributed in the Fe based alloy powders. The prepared powders were sintered at 1000 and $1100^{\circ}C$ for 30 min in vacuum. The sintered specimen with heat treatment before spark plasma sintering at $1100^{\circ}C$ showed a more homogeneous microstructure. In the case of sintering at $1100^{\circ}C$, the alloys exhibited densified microstructure and the formation of large reaction phases due to oxidation of Al.

• Carbon letters
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• 제22권
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• pp.48-59
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• 2017

This study synthesized pure anatase carbon doped $TiO_2$ photocatalysts supported on a stainless steel mesh using a sol-gel solution of 8% polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/dimethylformamide (DMF)/$TiCl_4$. The influence of the pyrolysis temperature and holding time on the morphological characteristics, particle sizes and surface area of the prepared catalyst was investigated. The prepared catalysts were characterized by several analytical methods: high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The XRD patterns showed that the supported $TiO_2$ nanocrystals are typically anatase, polycrystalline and body-centered tetragonal in structure. The EDS and XPS results complemented one another and confirmed the presence of carbon species in or on the $TiO_2$ layer, and the XPS data suggested the substitution of titanium in $TiO_2$ by carbon. Instead of using calcination, PAN pyrolysis was used to control the carbon content, and the mesoporosity was tailored by the applied temperature. The supported $TiO_2$ nanocrystals prepared by pyrolysis at 300, 350, and $400^{\circ}C$ for 3 h on a stainless steel mesh were actual supported carbon doped $TiO_2$ nanocrystals. Thus, $PAN/DMF/TiCl_4$ offers a facile, robust sol-gel related route for preparing supported carbon doped $TiO_2$ nanocomposites.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.589-593
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• 2011

[ $SnO_2$ ]nano powders were prepared by solution reduction method using tin chloride($SnCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$), hydrazine($N_2H_4$) and NaOH. The $SnO_2$ thick films for gas sensors were fabricated by screen printing method on alumina substrates and annealed at $300^{\circ}C$ in air, respectively. XRD patterns of the $SnO_2$ nano powders showed the tetragonal structure with (110) dominant orientation. The particle size of $SnO_2$ nano powders at the ratio of $SnCl_2:N_2H_4$+NaOH= 1:6 was about 60 nm. The sensing characteristics were investigated by measuring the electrical resistance of each sensor in a test box. Sensitivity of $SnO_2$ gas sensor to 5 ppm $CH_4$gas and 5 ppm $CH_3CH_2CH_3$ gas was investigated for various $SnCl_2:N_2H_4$+NaOH proportion. The highest sensitivity to $CH_4$ gas and $CH_3CH_2CH_3$ gas of $SnO_2$ sensors was observed at the $SnCl_2:N_2H_4$+NaOH= 1:8 and $SnCl_2:N_2H_4$+NaOH= 1:6, respectively. Response and recovery times of $SnO_2$ gas sensors prepared by $SnCl_2:N_2H_4$+NaOH= 1:6 was about 40 s and 30 s, respectively.

• 분석과학
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.247-253
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• 2009

단결정의 실리콘 웨이퍼를 hydrofluoric acid와 ethyl alcohol이 혼합된 용액에 담궈 적정한 전류를 흘려주면 웨이퍼 표면에 수많은 pore를 형성하면서 에칭되어진다. 이러한 pore의 형태와 porosity는 전류 값과 에칭 시간 및 주기를 변화시켜 쉽게 조절할 수 있는데, 이렇게 제작된 다공성 실리콘은 수백 $m^2/cm^3$의 큰 표면적을 가지게 된다. 이때 sin 파와 같은 모양으로 시간대별 가해지는 전류 밀도를 다르게 해주어 pore안쪽의 모양을 변화시켜 주어 가시광선 영역에서 하나의 spectrum을 나타나게 되는 rugate 박막을 제작 한다. 본 연구에서는 법과학적인 목적으로 코드화된 다공성 실리콘의 rugate film을 이용하여 nano particle을 제작한 다음 이 입자들을 페인트에 혼합, 차량에 도포하고, 회수 후에 이를 확인할 수 있는지 조사하였다. 본 연구에서는 또 다양하게 가해지는 전류 값을 변경 또는 혼합하여 다공성 실리콘에 다양한 코드화를 시도하였으며, 사고 시 탈착한 페인트에서 다공성 실리콘 nano particle을 회수 하기위해 다공성 실리콘 안에 magnetite를 삽입하여 자석을 이용한 미량 나노입자 시료를 응집시켜 스펙트럼을 확인하였다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제45권9호
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• pp.512-517
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• 2008

In this study, yttrium-doped $SiO_2$ nanoparticles are synthesized using a reverse micelle technique combined with metal alkoxide hydrolysis and condensation. Spherical Y-doped $SiO_2$ nanoparticles with a uniform size distribution are prepared using selfassembly molecules in conjunction with the hydrolysis and condensation of organometallic precursors. The water/surfactant molar ratio influenced the Y-doped $SiO_2$ particles distribution of the core-shell composite particles and the distribution of Y doped $SiO_2$ particles was broadened as the water to surfactant ratio increased. The particle size of Y increase linearly as the $Y(NO_3)_3$ solution concentration increased. The average size of the cluster was found to depend on the micelle size, the nature of the solvent, and the concentration of the reagent. The effects of synthesis parameters, such as the molar ratio of water to surfactant and the molar ratio of water to TEOS, are discussed.