• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(2)
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• pp.1434-1436
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• 2005

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.97-111
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• 2008

This paper presents three related experiments designed to identify factors that may affect the level of intimacy between children and a robot placed in a kindergarten setting. In total, 68 children aged three to five took part in the experiments, where they were instructed to share four or five stickers with a robot as they wished. Data were collected by means of video-taping and by interviewing the motivations of the children for their conducts in the experiment. The results of the study suggest the following factors that may affect the extent to which a child feels intimacy towards a robot: gender, age, prior experiences with a robot, interaction time with a robot, and the perception of robot appearance design.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the International Welding/Joining Conference-Korea
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• pp.657-660
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• 2002

In this paper, a study on the residual stress of plate with longitudinal stiffeners is explained in terms of the welding sequences. In order to verify the results of numerical analysis, the hole drilling method (HDM) is performed, to measuring the residual stresses of the test plates in $CO_2$ Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) under various welding conditions. The non-linear transient analysis technique for the numerical analysis in a large and complicate structure is considered. The residual stress of plate in consideration of the welding sequences and directions is evaluated by some numerical simulations and also by experiments. Comparison of numerical analysis results with experimental data shows the accuracy and validity of the proposed method.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.263-282
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• 2016

Contaminant transport in groundwater induces major threat and harmful effect on the environment; hence, the fate of the contaminant migration in groundwater is seeking a lot of attention. In this paper a two dimensional numerical flow and transport model through saturated layered soil is developed. Groundwater flow and solute transport has been simulated numerically using proposed model. The model implements the finite volume time splitting method to discretize the main equations. The performance, accuracy and efficiency of the out coming numerical models have been successfully examined by two test cases. The verification test cases consist of two-dimensional, groundwater flow and solute transport. The final purpose of this paper is to discuss and compare the shape of contaminant plume in homogeneous and heterogeneous media with different soil properties and control of solute transport using a zone for minimizing the potential of groundwater contamination; furthermore, this model leads to select the effective and optimum remedial strategies for cleaning the contaminated aquifers.

• 한국철학논집
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• 제37호
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• pp.97-134
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• 2013

향리인 제천에서 태어난 김이만은 18세기 초 중반을 활동기로 삼은 남인계 관인 유자였다. 선대의 세거지가 경북 예천이었던 김이만은 이 지역 망족의 후손답게 어릴 적부터 주위의 기대를 받으면서 성장하였다. 8살 때부터 시를 지었던 김이만은 중년 이후로 주력한 문학 활동으로, 무려 만여 편에 달하는 작품을 남긴 시인이기도 했다. 부친 김해일 사후에 모친으로부터 직접 글공부를 겸한 훈도를 받았던 김이만은 차후로 장형인 김형만의 지도로 학업을 전수받으면서 본격적인 수학기로 접어든다. 특히 "논어" 공부에 전념했던 장형의 학적 지향은 김이만의 학문세계에 큰 영향력을 파급하게 된다. 이후 김이만은 주로 남인계 인사들과 교유하면서 문학 활동과 과거공부를 병행했다. 고향과 서울을 오가면서 공부에 전념했던 김이만은 더러 인근한 사찰에서 독서를 하기도 하였다. 22세 때에 김이만은 오상렴과 함께 송파 이서우의 문하에 접어들었는데, 송파는 사승관계를 확인시켜 준 유일한 인물이다. 고학 지향적인 학문을 추구했던 이서우와의 만남은 김이만의 학문세계가 형성되는 과정에서 중요한 변인으로 작용하게 된다. 20세 무렵에 경서의 대의에 통달했던 김이만은 31세에 사마시에 합격하였고, 또한 익월에 대과에 급제하여 긴 사환기로 접어들게 되었다. 주로 한직과 외직을 전전했던 김이만의 환력은, 당시 정치적 주도권을 상실한 남인의 곤폐한 처지를 반영해 주기도 한다. 그러나 김이만은 신하된 자의 의리에 철저하려 하였고, 특히 그는 현감 군수 등과 같은 외직을 수행하면서 투철한 위민의식을 발휘하였다. 이는 김이만의 학문세계가 제도적 실천의 장으로까지 연장된 장면으로 평가된다. 실제 김이만은 "소학"을 매우 중시하는 가운데, 명문(銘文) 잠언(箴言) 등과 같은 실천 지침을 강구하는 방식을 통해서 도덕적 프락시스의 문제를 진지하게 고심하였던 인물이다. 한편 김이만이 추구했던 학문세계의 기저에는 퇴계학이 굳건하게 정위하고 있었던바, 권두경이 편집한 "퇴도선생언행유편"의 자문에 임했던 학고의 진지한 자세는 이를 잘 대변해 준다. 또한 뒤늦게 착수한 주자학에 대한 연찬은 김이만으로 하여금 천리(天理)[공(公)]에 대한 자각을 더욱 심화시켰고, 또한 공부론의 묘미를 보다 확장시키는 계기로도 작용하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권16호
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• pp.6889-6894
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• 2015

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world, with a wide variation in incidence rates across different geographical areas. In Iran GC is the most common cancer in males and it is reported to be the third most prevalent after breast and colorectal in females. A geographical information system (GIS) allows investigation of the geographical distribution of diseases. The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between gastric cancer and effective climatic factors using GIS. The dispersion distribution and the relationship between environmental factors effective on cancer were measured using Arc GIS. Of all cases, 672 (73.8%) were in males with a sex ratio of 3 to1. The highest incidence by cities was seen in Namin with 137.5 per 100,000. The results of this study showed that the distribution of GC around the Sabalan volcanic mountain was significantly higher than other places in the same province. These results can be considered as a window to future comprehensive research on gastric cancer.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2017

This study was conducted to identify characteristics of domestic pine forest soils and to elucidate major soil influencing factors for natural regeneration. We analyzed the physico-chemical characteristics of the soil samples collected from 23 pine forests and confirmed the similar results with the forest soil characteristics. Soil pH, organic matter content, total nitrogen, exchangeable Ca, silt content, and exchangeable Al were selected as the major soil factors among the exposed soils through 10 days of pine seedlings exposure and cultivation experiments and statistical analysis. Multiple regression analysis showed that soil pH had a positive effect on specific root length (SRL) of red pine seedlings and exchangeable Al was a significant factor affecting negative change in SRL. Taken together, the reduction of exchangeable Al by soil pH adjustment would be helpful for natural regeneration by restoring the forest and improving the fine root and root integrity of pine seedlings. Therefore, soil pH and exchangeable Al could be recommended as a major soil factor to be carefully considered in the monitoring and management of soil in pine forests that need to be renewed in the future.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2018

Lilium is a perennial bulbous plant belonging to the liriotypes genus. Our aim was to study the phylogenetic relationships of the Lilium family. Two varieties of Lilium ledebourii, 44 varieties of the gene bank, and one variety from the Tulipa family served as the out group. In order to study the diversity between lilium masses, ITS regions were used to design the marker. The results showed that the guanine base is the most abundant nucleotide. Relatively high conservation was observed in the ITS regions of the populations (0.653). Phylogenetic analysis showed that sargentiae and hybrid varieties are older than other varieties of the Lilium family. Also, the location of L. ledebourii varieties (Damash and Namin) was identified in a phylogenetic tree by using the ITS marker. Overall, our research showed that ITS molecular markers are very suitable for phylogenetic studies in the Lilium family.

• 대한조선학회 특별논문집
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• 대한조선학회 2005년도 특별논문집
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• pp.211-215
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• 2005

The binary Al-Mg alloys are the basis for the 5000 series of non-heat-treatable aluminum alloys. In general, 5000 series of aluminum alleys have a high strength, good welding characteristics and a high resistance to corrosion, especially under the seawater. Thus the aluminum alloys are adopted in the hull material of hovercraft that is required light in weight as well as high strength. It is very important that the weldability problem of these alloys caused by high thermal conductivities welding deformation, porosity and so on. in this study, auto-welding equipment was applied for aluminum welding automation. Also, optimal welding data were studied by investigating welding characteristics for various shapes of weldment to use Al 5083 that is representative structural materials of the 5000 series of aluminum alloys.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.126-135
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• 2022

Background: Pollinators are important ecological elements due to their role in the maintenance of ecosystem health, wild plant reproduction, crop production and food security. The pollinator-plant interaction supports the preservation of plant and animal populations and it also improves the yield in pollination dependent crops. Having knowledge about the plant-pollinator interaction is necessary for development of pesticide risk assessment of pollinators and conservation of endangering species. Results: Traditional methods to discover the relatedness of insects and plants are based on tracing the visiting pollinators by field observations as well as palynology. These methods are time-consuming and needs expert taxonomists to identify different groups of pollinators such as insects or identify flowering plants through palynology. With pace of technology, using molecular methods become popular in identification and classification of organisms. DNA metabarcoding, which is the combination of DNA barcoding and high throughput sequencing, can be applied as an alternative method in identification of mixed origin environmental samples such as pollen loads attached to the body of insects and has been used in DNA-based discovery of plant-pollinator relationship. Conclusions: DNA metabarcoding is practical for plant-pollinator studies, however, lack of reference sequence in online databases, taxonomic resolution, universality of primers are the most crucial limitations. Using multiple molecular markers is preferable due to the limitations of developed universal primers, which improves taxa richness and taxonomic resolution of the studied community.