• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.43-52
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• 2016

Wireless sensor network (WSN) technology has been implemented using commercial off-the-shelf microcontrollers (MCUs), In this paper, we propose a simulation environment to realize the physical evaluation of FPGA-based node by considering vertically cross-layered WSN in terms of physical node device and network interconnection perspective. The proposed simulation framework emulates the physical FPGA-based sensor nodes to interoperate with the NS3 through the runtime infrastructure (RTI). For the emulation and interoperation of FPGA-based nodes, we extend a vendor-providing FPGA design tool from the host computer and a script to execute the interoperation procedures. The standalone NS-3 is also revised to perform interoperation through the RTI. To resolve the different time-advance mechanisms between the FPGA emulation and event-driven NS3 simulation, the pre-simulation technique is applied to the proposed environment. The proposed environment is applied to IEEE 802.15.4-based low-rate, wireless personal area network communication.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2017.01a
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• pp.193-194
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 VANET 환경에서 SUMO와 ns-3를 이용하여 속도 변화에 따라 AODV 프로토콜의 통신에 대해 모의실험을 수행하였다. 해당 시뮬레이션 결과에 따르면, AODV 라우팅 프로토콜은 VANET 환경에서 차량이 일정 속도 이상 빨라지게 되면 통신율이 급격히 하락함을 볼 수 있었다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.397-400
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• 2015

The effects of surface treatment method of unreacted N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (2NS), $N^1$-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)diethylenetriamine (3NS), and 3-cyanopropyltriethoxysilane (1NCy) after grafting on the surface of silica and of the surface treatment temperature on ethylene polymerization were investigated. The Zr content of supported catalyst employing filtering method was higher than that of washing method, and the activities of supported catalysts prepared by washing method were higher than those of filtering methods significantly. Regardless of surface treatment methods the activities were in order by $SiO_2/2NS/(n-BuCp)_2ZrCl_2>SiO_2/1NCy/(n-BuCp)_2ZrCl_2>SiO_2/3NS/(n-BuCp)_2ZrCl_2$. The ethylene polymerization activity was increased as the surface treatment temperature of aminosilane on silica increased.

• Kidney Research and Clinical Practice
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.347-355
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• 2018

Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is the most common glomerulopathy in children. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of NS, caused by severe intravascular volume depletion, acute tubular necrosis, interstitial nephritis, or progression of NS. However, the incidence and risk factors of childhood-onset NS in Korea are unclear. Therefore, we studied the incidence, causes, and risk factors of AKI in hospitalized Korean patients with childhood-onset NS. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of patients with childhood-onset NS who were admitted to our center from January 2015 to July 2017. Patients with decreased renal function or hereditary/secondary NS, as well as those admitted for management of other conditions unrelated to NS, were excluded. Results: During the study period, 65 patients with idiopathic, childhood-onset NS were hospitalized 90 times for management of NS or its complications. Of these 90 cases, 29 met the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria for AKI (32.2%). They developed AKI in association with infection (n = 12), NS aggravation (n = 11), dehydration (n = 3), and intravenous methylprednisolone administration (n = 3). Age ${\geq}9$ years at admission and combined use of cyclosporine and renin-angiotensin system inhibitors were risk factors for AKI. Conclusion: AKI occurred in one-third of the total hospitalizations related to childhood-onset NS, owing to infection, aggravation of NS, dehydration, and possibly high-dose methylprednisolone treatment. Age at admission and use of nephrotoxic agents were associated with AKI. As the AKI incidence is high, AKI should be considered during management of high-risk patients.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2015

The dry weight of mother plants' leaves had the highest increase rate in both NS (single-use) and NS+EM (mixed-use) mixed with NS 0.8 (customary use). In seafood amino acid fertilizer (SAF) application, the increase rate was highest in SAF solution at a 300-fold dilution. Mother plants' crown diameter, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length and leaf number showed the greatest growth amount when NS 0.8 (customary use) was mixed to NS (single-use) or NS+EM (mixed-use) solution. The growth was highest in SAF solution diluted 300 folds, but lowest in SAF solution diluted 100 folds. Of all inorganic nutrients, excluding sulfur, total amount of nitrogen, available phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium had the highest increase rate in both NS (single-use) and NS+EM (mixed-use) with the treatment of NS 0.8 (customary use). Total nitrogen, in particular, was increased by 3.1% in NS 0.4, 6.0% in NS 0.8, and 4.5% in NS 0.8 with the application of NS+EM at a 500-fold dilution compared to NS alone. Total nitrogen amount showed the highest increase rate in SAF solution diluted 300 folds. Total nitrogen, available phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and EC in soils applied with culture solutions (NS, NS+EM) had increasing tendencies after fertilizer application. The results were comparable to those of SAF treatment. The increase rate of each inorganic nutrient composition declined in soils applied with NS+EM solution diluted 500 folds compared to NS alone.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.04a
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• pp.93-93
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• 2019

In this study, we evaluated the anti-cancer activity and potential molecular mechanism of 70% ethanol extracts of branches from Taxillus yadoriki parasitic to Neolitsea sericea (TN-NS-B) against human lung cancer cells, A549. TY-NS-B dose-dependently suppressed the growth of A549 cells. TY-NS-B decreased ${\beta}$-catenin protein level, but not mRNA level in A549 cells. The downregulation of ${\beta}$-catenin protein level by TY-NS-B was attenuated in the presence of MG132. Although TY-NS-B phosphorylated ${\beta}$-catenin protein, the inhibition of $GSK3{\beta}$ by LiCl did not blocked the reduction of ${\beta}$-catenin by TY-NS-B. In addition, TY-NS-B decreased ${\beta}$-catenin protein in A549 cells transfected with Flag-tagged wild type ${\beta}$-catenin or Flag-tagged S33/S37/T41 mutant ${\beta}$-catenin construct. Our results suggested that TN-NS-B may downregulate ${\beta}$-catenin protein level independent on GSK3${\beta}$-induced ${\beta}$-catenin phosphorylation. Based on these findings, TY-NS-B may be a potential candidate for the development of chemopreventive or therapeutic agents for human lung cancer.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.660-664
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• 2005

We have previously isolated specific RNA aptamers with high affinity against the helicase domain of hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 3 (NS3). The RNA aptamers competitively and efficiently inhibited the helicase activity, partially impeding HCV replicon replication in human hepatocarcinoma cells. In this study, the RNA aptamers were tested for binding to the HCV NS3 proteins in eukaryotic cells, using a yeast three-hybrid system. The aptamers were then recognized by the HCV NS3 proteins when expressed in the cells, while the antisense sequences of the aptamers were not. These results suggest that the in vitro selected RNA aptamers can also specifically bind to the target proteins in vivo. Consequently, they could be potentially utilized as anti-HCV lead compounds.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.2291-2295
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• 2014

Although nucleolar protein nucleostemin (NS) is essential for cell proliferation and early embryogenesis and expression has been observed in some types of human cancer and stem cells, the molecular mechanisms involved in mediation of cell proliferation and cell cycling remains largely elusive. The aim of the present study was to evaluate NS as a potential target for gene therapy of human breast carcinoma by investigating NS gene expression and its effects on SKBR-3 cell proliferation and apoptosis. NS mRNA and protein were both found to be highly expressed in all detected cancer cell lines. The apoptotic rate of the pcDNA3.1-NS-Silencer group ($12.1-15.4{\pm}3.8%$) was significantly higher than those of pcDNA3.1-NS ($7.2-12.0{\pm}1.7%$) and non-transfection groups ($4.1-6.5{\pm}1.8%$, P<0.01). MTT assays showed the knockdown of NS expression reduced the proliferation rate of SKBR-3 cells significantly. Matrigel invasion and wound healing assays indicated that the number of invading cells was significantly decreased in the pcDNA3.1-NS-siRNA group (P<0.01), but there were no significant difference between non-transfected and over-expression groups (P>0.05). Moreover, RNAi-mediated NS down-regulation induced SKBR-3 cell G1 phase arrest, inhibited cell proliferation, and promoted p53 pathway-mediated cell apoptosis in SKBR-3 cells. NS might thus be an important regulator in the G2/M check point of cell cycle, blocking SKBR-3 cell progression through the G1/S phase. On the whole, these results suggest NS might be a tumor suppressor and important therapeutic target in human cancers.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.169-173
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• 2015

Metallocene was supported on the silica, which was functionalized with aminosilanes such as aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (1NS) or N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (2NS), and ionic liquids such as 1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium chloride (Cl), tributylmethylammonium chloride (Amm), benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride (Ben), 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride (Pyr), and then ethylene polymerizations were performed. The Zr contents of $SiO_2/1NS/IL/(n-BuCp)_2ZrCl_2$ and $SiO_2/2NS/IL/(n-BuCp)_2ZrCl_2$ were lower than those of only aminosilane-treated silicas. However, the polymerization activity of $SiO_2/1NS/IL/(n-BuCp)_2ZrCl_2$ was higher than that of $SiO_2/1NS/(n-BuCp)_2ZrCl_2$. The polymerization activity of $SiO_2/2NS/IL/(n-BuCp)_2ZrCl_2$ was lower than that of $SiO_2/2NS/(n-BuCp)_2ZrCl_2$ due to much lower Zr content.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.193-197
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• 2008

The influence of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) on the bone marrow (BM) natural suppressor (NS) cells of intact Ehrlich carcinoma -bearing CBA mice was studied. Bone marrow NS cells were fractionated into three fractions by isopycnic centrifugation on percoll gradients: NS1 (${\rho}$=1.080 g/ml), NS2 (${\rho}$=1.090 g/ml) and NS3 (1.100> ${\rho}$ > 1.090 g/ml). These fractions were highly different in their sensitivity to known NS cell inductors (interleukin (IL)-2, IL-3 or histamine). None of the NS fractions isolated from the intact mice spontaneously produced antiproliferative activity, however, they showed a high level of NS (antiproliferative and natural killer cell inhibitory) activity under the influence of AFP. A single injection of AFP to intact mice led to an increase of spontaneous NS activity and the inhibition of natural killer cell activity. NS activity, especially NS2, was increased in when tumor cells were subcutaneously inoculated three days after AFP injection. In the AFP-treated mice, the tumor mass at 14 days was 60% larger than that in the untreated mice. Our data confirmed that AFP is a tumor marker that can inhibit cancer immunity and plays a role in cancer pathogenesis.