• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.222-227
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• 2000

Antimutagenic activity of crushed kimchi fermented with starter under various conditions such as temperature(5-20$^{\circ}C$), salt concentration(2-10%), addition rate of starter (0-20%) was investigated. The kimchi was fermented with crushed Chinese cabbage without salting, red pepper powder, crushed garlic, crushed ginger, anchovy juice and starter. Well fermented kimchi juice(fermented at 10$^{\circ}C$ for 15 days) and sterilized radish juice was used as a source of lactic acid bacteria and starter medium, respectively. Antimutagenic activity showed the highest in the crushed kimchi fermented at 15$^{\circ}C$ for 15 days, 4% salt concentration, 5% starter added, respectively. The inhibition rate of mutagenic activity of the kimchi against S. typhimurium TA98 induced by NQO and S. typhimurium TA100 induced by MNNG was 56.41% and 60.11%, respectively. And the inhibition rate of the kimchi juice showed 56-60% per 100ul.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 1985

Cellulase의 합성 및 그의 조절기작을 밝히기 위한 기초연구로서 Aspergillus nidulans FGSC 168로 부터 CMC 배지에서 자라지 못하는 돌연변이주인 TCD27, NCN2, ACN 14, ACN3를 얻어내어 이들의 성질을 분석하였다. 이들 4가지 돌연변이주는 모두 inducer를 세포내로 수송하는 permease를 만들어 내는 유전자에는 아무 결함이 없었다. 이들 중 ACN3는 cellulase의 합성 및 그의 조절 기작과는 직접 관련이 없는 돌연변이주로 추정되나, TCD 27과 NCN2는 조절 유전자에 돌연변이가 일어났을 가능성이 있고, ACN 14는 구조 유전자 돌연변이주일 것으로 추정되었다.

• 약학회지
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.481-487
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• 2010

The proteasome plays a major role in the degradation of abnormal proteins within the cell. Therefore, repressed proteasome function is accepted as one of factors contributing the pathogenesis of multiple degenerative diseases. In the present study, we have observed that xanthohumol C, which is one of prenylated flavonoids from hops, increases the expression of the proteasome subunits through the Nrf2 pathway. Treatment of murine renal epithelial TCMK-1 cells with xanthohumol C and its methoxymethoxy-derivative elevated the expression of the Antioxidant Response Element (ARE)-driven reporter gene, as well as Nrf2-target genes including NAD(P)H: quinoneoxidoreductaes 1 (Nqo1). Transcript levels for the catalytic subunits of the proteasome Psmb5 and Psmb6 were increased by these compounds. The activation of the psmb5 promoter by xanthohumol C was abolished when the ARE in this promoter was mutated, indicating that proteasome induction was mediated by the Nrf2-ARE pathway. These results suggest that xanthohumol compounds from hops have a potential benefit on various oxidative stress-associated human diseases through the induction of the proteasome.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.379-386
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• 2009

The antimutagenic and cytotoxic activities of ethanol and water extracts from Rubus coreanum were investigated in this study. Their antimutagenic activities were measured by the Ames test and their cytotoxic activities were evaluated by the growth inhibition of cancer cells via the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. In the results, the inhibition rates of the ethanol and water extracts toward mutagenicity induced by 4-NQO were 95.0% and 93.6% at 5 mg/plate, respectively, while their inhibition rates against mutagenicity induced by sodium azide were 27.2% and 40.8%, respectively. According to MTT assay, the cytotoxicity values of the ethanol extract against Hep3B and HeLa cells were 67.2% and 68.5%, respectively, and the values for the water extract were 65.8% and 66.4%, respectively. In the SRB assay, the ethanol and water extracts inhibited over 60% of cancer cell growth. In conclusion, both the ethanol and water extracts of Rubus coreanum offer potentially good antimutagenic and anticancer effects.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1993년도 제2회 신약개발 연구발표회 초록집
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• pp.174-174
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• 1993

목적: Cinnamic acid의 유도체들중에서 항돌연변이 효과가 보고된 바 있어, 본 연구에서는 E. coil PQ37균주를 사용한 SOS chromotest를 이용하여 약 170개 cinnamic acid의 유도체들의 항돌연변이 효과를 확인하고자 하였고, 1차로 확인된 수종의 유도체들에 대한 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 방법: SOS chromotest는 sul A:: lacz fusion strain 인 E. coli PQ37 에서의 chemical로 인한 DNA damage에 대한 SOS response를 $\beta$-galactosidase enzyme activity level로서 측정하는 실험이며, m-RNA 또는 protein synthesis에 대한 test chemicals의 cytotoxic저해효과를 알아보기 위하여 alkaline phosphatase를 병행측정하여 보완하였다. 결과 및 고찰: (－)S－9 경우는 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide(4-NQO)를 유도물질로 하였으며 대략 Induction factor가 9.7 정도였고, (＋)S－9의 경우는 aflatoxinB$_1$을 유도물질로 하였고 이때의 Induction factor는 13.8 정도였다. 이결과 1차로 test된 cinnamic acid유도체 6개중에서 RK001, RK002, RK003, RK004, RK005는 거의 항돌연변이 효과를 나타내지 않았으나, RK006은 항돌연변이 효과를 보여주어 이들의 Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) 및 Dose-response와 RK006의 항돌연변이 효과의 mechanism에 관해 M13 mp2 viral DNA의 유전자 염기서열을 이용하여 항돌연변이 기전연구를 수행중이다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.350-358
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• 1998

The antimutagenic and anticancer activities of glycoprotein(GP) and chondroitin sulfate(CS) from sea cucumbers were studied using Ames mutagenicity test and human cancer cells culture test. The GP's inhibitory effect toward aflatoxin B1(AFB1) and 3, 2'-dimethyl-4-amino-biphenyl(DMAB) increased with the higher added concentrations up to 5% level(w/w) regardless fractionation methods. The GP from sea cucumbers through DEAE-cellulose column chromatography showed an inhibitory effect ranged from 84 to 98%, and the maximum antimutagenicities resulted in red sea cucumber with 98% (AFB1) and 95% (DMAB). But 5% level of CS from various sea cucumbers had an inhibitory effect toward those both indirect mutagens ranged from 79% to 85%. However, in case of direct mutagens(N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, MNNG and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide, 4-NQO), the GP's inhibitory effect was 55∼78% and the CS had a low inhibitory effect(58∼70%) at the added level of 5%. The GP from sea cucumbers exhibited the strong inhibitory effects with 89∼95% and 82∼92% on the growth of HT-29 human crcinoma cells and AZ-521 human gastric cancer cells (at 5% level).

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.440-445
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• 1995

The antimutagenic effects of juices from green pepper(GP), red pepper leaf(RPL), red pepper(RP) and sweet pepper(SP) were examined by the Ames method using Salmonella typhimurium TA100. The juice supernatants of GP, RPL and RP showed antimutagenic activities against afltoxin B1(AFB1) in Salmonella typhimurium TA 100. The juice supermatants of GP and RPL also exhibited the inhibitory effects(p<0.05) to the mutagenicities induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) and 4-nitro-quinoline-1-oxide(4-NQO). The juice of RP showed antimutagenic activities against indirect mutagen of AFB1, however, the activity was reduced at higher concentration(5.0%), furthermore, as the adding concentration of sample increased to 5.0%, it exhibited slight comutagenicith on direct mutagen of MNNG. Theantimutagenic activities of GP and RPL juices were reduced significantly after heating at 100℃ for 20min, supposing that the antimutagenic compound(s) in the juices were heat labile.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.452-457
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• 1999

The inhibitory effect of Coprinus comatus on the mutagenicity in Salmonella assay system and SOS chromotest were studied. In Ames test, the ethanol and water extracts and the cultured mycelia fractions of Coprinus comatus did not show any mutagenicity, but the Coprinus comatus ethanol extracts showed inhibitory effects of 8 0∼90% on the mutagenicity induced by indirect mutagen of benzo(a)pyrene(B(a)P) and aflatoxin B1(AFB1) in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. The antimutagenic effect increased with increasing concentration of the ethanol extract toward N methyl N' nitro N nitrosoguanidine(MNNG). However, the water extracts inhibited about 40∼50% against direct and indirect mutagen. The cultured mycelial filtrate of Coprinus comatus, the fractionⅡ, showed antimutagenic effect of 90% on MNNG and 25∼50% on B(a)P and AFB1. In SOS chromotest, the ethanol extracts of Coprinus comatus showed antimutagenic effect of 65∼81% on SOS function induced by 4 NQO, and the cultured mycelia fractionⅡ showed low inhibitory effect of 20∼50%.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2001

This study was performed to examine the antimutagenic and cytotoxic effects of potato vinegar and commercial vinegars(cider, brown rice, persimmon vinegars) on Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100 and cancer cell lines using Ames test and cytotoxicity assay, respectively. In Ames test, all vinegars did notexhibit any mutagenicity , but showed substantial inhibitory effects against N- methyl - N -nitro - N- nitrosog -uanidine(MNNG) , 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide(4NQO), 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indol(Trp-P-1)and benzo( $\alpha$ )pyrene(B( $\alpha$ )P). The number of revertants per plate decreased significantly when these vinegars(80 ug/plate) were added to the assay system using TA100 strain. Especially, potato vinegar(80 ug/plate) showed high inhibition rate of 69.9% against mutagenicity of B( $\alpha$ )P on TA100 strain. In the cytotoxicity assay, these vinegars also showed prominent cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines. Potato vinegar(10 ug/well) showed the strongest cytotoxic effect against HT1080 (fibrosacoma cell) andK562 ( myelogenous leukemia) at the same concentration when compared with other vinegars.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.89-97
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• 1982

Mutator effect를 가진 plasmid pKMlO1을 MNNG처리와 tetrazolium-glactcse 배지에서 MMS에, 의한 Salmonella typhimuriun의 Gal-에서 Gal+로 전환시키는 능력에 따라 pKM101 변이체들을 선택하고 이들의 성질을 chemical과 UV를 사용하여 pKM101과 비교 하였다. pKM101변이체들은 Salmonella typhimurium내에서 모두 안정하였고 정상적으로 다른 균주로 전달되었으며 picillin에 대한 저항성은 원래의 plasmid보다 같거나 높아졌다. 이들 중 두 변이체는 chemical mutagen인 MMS와 4-NQO, 그리고 UV에 의한 Salmonella typhimurimlla의 돌연변이들을 모체 pKMIOI보다 증가시켰으며 다른 변이체들은 이에 대한 효과가 감소 되었거나 전혀 잃은 것이었다. Salmonella typhimurium uvr- 변이주에 있어서 이들 변이체들의 chemical과 UV에 의한 돌연변이율에 미치는 치사효과는 모체 pKMIOI과 비슷한 양상을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 plasmid pKMOI의 chemical 및 UV mutator effect가 한 유전인자에 의해 결정된다는 것을 시사한다.