• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.332-337
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: From year 2005, landfill for food waste has been prohibited. Also, according to London agreement in year 2013, ocean discharge for livestock manure, sewage sludge, and food waste has been regulated. Alternative way for food waste disposal is incineration. However, due to high moisture content, additional input for energy is needed. Therefore, effective way for food waste disposal such as application of food waste compost is needed. METHODS AND RESULTS: Seven different treatments (livestock compost, food waste compost, food waste + livestock compost, livestock compost + chemical fertilizer, food waste compost + chemical fertilizer, food waste + livestock compost + chemical fertilizer and control) were applied to tomato crop. All treatments were replicated with completely randomized design. Tomato growth treated with LC+NPK showed the highest values at 6 weeks for all parameters such as leaf length (11.80 cm), leaf width (6.88 cm), and chlorophyll (61.12 O.D.), compared to other treatments. Subsequently the FWC+LC+NPK treatment was followed (11.51 cm, 6.40 cm, 59.50 O.D. for leaf length, leaf width, and chlorophyll, respectably). EC, OM contents, and CEC in the soil treated with the composts significantly increased. CONCLUSION: To evaluate the effect of food waste compost application on tomato growth and soil chemical properties, we carried out field experiment treated with 7 treatments with 3 replicates. The LC+NPK treatment showed highest values for all parameters. Some parameters such as shoot length and total length for tomato were not significantly different between the LC+NPK and the FWC+LC+NPK treatments.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.85-90
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• 2000

Forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor x S. bicolor) was cultivated for knowing the effect of alum sludge application on its root growth in a mountainous site, Kumsan. And the results obtained are as follows: The available P205 content in the soil seemed to decrease with the advance of level of alum sludge application. And plant P content decreased with the advance of sludge application without phosphate fertilizer. With phosphate fertilizer, root number of the forage was greater than that without the fertilizer. The root growth of forage sorghum was the highest with NPK and the least in control and alum application, and it is not recommended to apply NPK and alum together for the growth of the forage root. (Key words : Root, Sorghum, Mineral, Sludge, Kumsan)

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.1187-1193
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• 2012

Water control is mainly one of the key factors that can affect nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) emissions from soils. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of intermittent drainage compared to continuous flooding (conventional water regime) on $N_2O$ emission to global warming potential (GWP) with NPK (standard cultivation practice), NPK+Straw, and PK fertilizations. Nitrous oxide emission rates were collected twice a week using a closed chamber method. With continuous flooding, nitrogen (N) application increased $N_2O$ emission by 106.6% ($0.64kg\;ha^{-1}$ in NPK) with respect to the PK treatment ($0.31kg\;ha^{-1}$), and straw addition to NPK enhanced 148.3% of seasonal $N_2O$ flux ($0.77kg\;ha^{-1}$ in NPK+Straw). Although seasonal $N_2O$ emission slightly increased by 16.1-42.9% with intermittent irrigation, its seasonal $CH_4$ emission drastically reduced at 43.5-52.8% resulting in a lower GWP at 48.9-58.5% with respect to that of continuously flooded treatments ($4.51Mg\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}$, PK; $7.60Mg\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}$, NPK; $14.55Mg\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}$, NPK+Straw). Rice yield, at similar fertilization with the continuously-flooded rice field, was not affected by intermittent irrigation. Conclusively, intermittent irrigation can be very effective and a rational soil management strategy to mitigate GWP with considering rice productivity in a temperate paddy rice field like Korea.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.251-258
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• 1998

To find out the effect of NPK-fertilization level and utilization method of pasture plants on the productivity of dry matter and nutrient of forages in hilly pasture, this experiment was arranged as a split block design with six treatments of 2 mainplots(N-$P_2O_5$-$K_2O$=210-150-180(wntrol), 280-200-240Kg/ha) and 3 subplots (cutting, grazing cutting+grazing alternative), and conducted at hilly land in Yeoju, Kyonggi Province 6om February, 1992 to October, 1993. In the treatment of grazing the early growth and cover degree of pasture plants wintered were more favorable. With increased NPK-application for two years, the average dry matter(DM) yield of 9,862kglha was incerased by 18% than that of the control, and the average DM yield of the cutting treatment of 10,434kaa was higher than that of others. In all treatments for two years, the average DM yield was composed of 94.0~95.1% grasses, 1.8~2.0% legumes and 2.8~4.2% weeds. The crude protein and energy productivity of forages in the treatment with increased NPK-fertilizer application increased by 20~23% than those of control, and those of cutting treatment were greatly increased than those of the grazing treatment. The average mineral content of forages in all treatments tended to be similar, Ca and Mg content and Ca/P ratio were slightly lower, and K content and K/(Ca+Mg) equivalent ratio of forages tended to be higher than the most desirable value of forages.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.333-336
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• 1987

메탄발효폐액(醱酵廢液)의 비효(肥效)와 그 시용량(施用量)을 구명(究明)하기 위하여 청예(靑刈)옥수수(수원(水原) 19호(號))를 공시(供試)하여 폐액(廢液)을 시비(施肥)로 시용(施用)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 가. 폐액시용(廢液施用)으로 수분공급(水分供給)이 원활해져 발아(發芽)에 효과(效果)가 있었다. 나. 옥수수의 수량(收量)(생초중(生草重), 건초중(乾草重))은 NPK+폐액(廢液)12톤구(區)>NPK+폐액(廢液) 8톤구(區)>NPK+폐액(廢液) 4톤구(區)>NPK+물 4톤구(區)>NPK구(區) 순(順)으로 증수(增收) 하였으며 생육상황(生育狀況)도 같은 경향(傾向)이었다. 다. 옥수수의 식물체(植物體) 및 토양중(土壤中)의 질소(窒素) 및 인산함량(燐酸含量)은 수량(收量)과 같은 경향(傾向)이었으며 가리함량(加里含量)은 일정(一定)한 경향(傾向)이 없었다. 라. 메탄폐액(廢液)은 비료(肥料) 및 관개용수(灌漑用水)로 활용(活用)이 가능(可能)할 것으로 판단(判斷)되었다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2009

본 연구는 계분퇴비를 질소 함량 기준으로 320 kg N/ha(COM1) 및 640kg N/ha(COM2) 을 3작기 시용 후 배추 수량과 토양의 이화학적 특성에 미치는 연용 및 잔효를 평가하였다. 배추 수량은 COM1 및 COM2 3작기 연용 처리구에서 삼요소 치리구(NPK) 대비 각각 78 및 96%를 나타내었다. 이때 질소 이용률은 NPK 처리구와 비교하여 COM1 및 COM2에서 각각 85 및 97%이었다. 첫 작기에 사용한 계분퇴비 처리구의 두 번째 및 세 번째 작기의 잔여 질소 흡수량은 NPK 처리구 대비 COM1의 경우 49.7% 및 35.6%, COM2의 겅우 56.9% 및 37.4%를 나타내었다. 그리고 세 번째 작기의 COM1과 COM2의 잔여 질소 흡수량은 무질소 처리(PK)와 큰 차이가 없었다. 한결, pH를 비롯한 토양 화학성의 변화를 조사한 결과 유효인산, 치환성 칼리, 유기물 함랑은 계분퇴비를 연속시용 함에 따라 매 작기 증가하는 양상을 나타내었으며, 특히 유효인산 및 치환성 칼리 함량의 증가가 두드러졌다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.482-487
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• 2007

농업과학기술원에서 보유하고 있는 국내 최장기 연구용 논토양에서 1954년부터 2003년까지 50년간 3요소 화학비료와 유안 및 요소비료를 장기간 연용 했을 때 벼의 생산력과 토양의 이화학적 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다 정조수량을 3요소구의 수량지수 100에 대하여 유안단용구 84, 요소단용구 81, 무비구 62이었으며 관개수질에 따라 벼의 생산량 차이가 컸다. 벼의 양분흡수량은 3요소구에 비하여 유안과 요소단용구에서 T-N은 86~75, $P_2O_5$는 79~82, $K_2O$는 64~58, $SiO_2$은 94~90%로 흡수량이 유의성 있게 적었다. 토양의 용적밀도는 무비구, 유안단용구, 요소단용구보다 3요소구에서 유의하게 낮아지는 반면, CEC는 증가되었다. 토양의 pH는 시험전(1954) 5.2에 비하여 전 처리구에서 높았으며 무비구는 6.00, 요소단용구 5.93, 3요소구 5.93, 유안단용구 5.40순으로 저하되었다. 토양의 유효인산함량은 인산비료를 매년 $70kg\;ha^{-1}$를 시용하고 벼를 재배할 경우 유효인산의 증가량은 $2.5mg\;kg^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$이었고, 인산비료를 시용하지 않으면 $1.8mg\;kg^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$씩 감소되었다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.175-179
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• 2006

동일비료를 장기연용한 토양에서 벼를 단작으로 재배하여 비료의 시용에 따른 벼 품종간 근권 세균 및 방선균의 밀도와 우점균을 조사하였다. 비료는 3요소(NPK)를 기본으로 하여 무질소(PK), 무인산(NK) 무칼리(NP) 및 NPK+퇴비를 처리하였다. 벼의 근권 미생물 밀도는 품종에 따라서는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았고 시용비료에 의해 약간의 차이를 보였는데 세균은 감소하고 방선균은 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 근권 미생물의 분포상에는 유기물의 영향이 뚜렷하여 방선균의 경우 NPK+퇴비구 처리구에서 가장 높은 균 밀도를 나타냈다. 배양가능한 호기성 세균에서는 Bacillus속의 B. megaterium, B. mycoides, B. licheniformis, B. subtilis 등이, 방선균에서는 Streptomyces속의 S. spororaveus, S. canus, S. tauricus, S. galbus 등과 Micromonospora속이 우점하여 분포하였다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.82-87
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• 1989

A field experiment was carried out to determine the effects of 11 different application levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorous ($P_2O_5$) and potassium($K_2O$) fertilizer in late-autumn on the winter survival, early spring growth and dry matter(DM) yield, carbohydrate reserves (CHO-R) in stubble of grasses, and botanical composition in orchardgrass dominated existing pasture in Suwon from October, 1987 to May, 1988. Winter survival of grasses was high (ca. 90%) in all N-fertilized plots, regardless of $P_2O_5$ and $K_2O$ application, and those in zero-N and zero-NPK plots were low as 86.5% and 81.4%, respectively. Early spring growth was vigorous in N-fertilized plots. Heading rate at the fist harvest was 80-86% in all N plots, regardless of $P_2O_5$ and $K_2O$, while those in zero-N and zero-NPK plots were very low as 61% and 56%, respectively. The DM yield of first harvest was higher in the plots of N 35 kg(Site B) and N 70kg $ha^{-1}$ (Site A), regardless of $P_2O_5$ and $K_2O$ level, and those in zero-N and zero-NPK plots were very low (p < 0.05). But no significant difference of yield was observed between N 75 kg and N 105 kg. CHO-R in stubble and legumes were high in zero-N and zero-NPK plots, and low relationship was found between winter survival and CHO-R of grasses. Winter survival, early spring growth and DM yield were significantly influenced by N fertilizer. In this experiment, the optimum application level of N in late-autumn could be recommended in 35-70 kg $ha^{-1}$, and no beneficial effects were observed by $P_2O_5$ and $K_2O$ fertilizer.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.296-300
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• 1988

요소(尿素), DAP, 염화가리(鹽化加里)를 주재료(主材料)로, Zeolite 당밀발액(糖密發液)을 부재료(副材料)로 활용(活用)하여 참조(懺造)한 참깨전용복비(專用複肥) 시제품(試製品)을 투명(透明) 및 흑색(黑色)비닐멀칭의 재배시험(栽培試驗)에 각각(各各) 공시(供試)하여 비효시험(肥效試驗)을 실시(實施)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 참깨의 초장(草長)과 간경(幹俓)은 투명(透明)비닐 및 흑색(黑色)비닐피복(被覆)에서 공(共)히 시제품구(試製品區)가 대조구(對照區)(NPK분시구(分施區)에 비(比)해 컸다. 2. 참깨의 종실수량(種實收量)은 투명(透明)비닐피복(被覆)에서는 시제품구(試製品區)가 NPK 분시(分施) 및 전량기비구(全量基肥區) 보다 증수(增收)하였으나 흑색(黑色)비닐피복(被覆)에서는 시제품구(試製品區)가 NPK전량기비구(全量基肥區) 보다 증수(增收)되었으나 NPK분시구(分施區)와는 차(差)가 없었다. 3. 참깨의 식물체중(植物體中) 질소함량(窒素含量)은 투명(透明) 및 흑색(黑色)비닐처리(處理)에서 시제품처리구(試製品處理區)가 전(全) 생육기간(生育期間)을 통(通)하여 공(共)히 줄기에서 높았다. 4. 수확기(收穫期) 토양(土攘)의 무기성분함량(無機成分含量)은 시제품구(試製品區)가 대조구(對照區)에 비(比)해 가리함량(加里含量)만 높았다.