• Title/Summary/Keyword: NOx and Soot Emissions

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Combustion and Nano-particulate Emissions Characteristics of a Compression Ignition Engine Fueled with Oxygenated Blending Fuel (압축착화 엔진에서 함산소 혼합연료의 연소 및 미세입자 배출물 특성)

  • Cha, June-Pyo;Yoon, Seung-Hyun;Chon, Moo-Soo;Lee, Chang-Sik
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.61-66
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    • 2009
  • An experimental investigation was conducted to analyze the effects of biodiesel-ethanol and biodiesel-diesel blended fuels on the characteristics of combustion and exhaust emissions, and size distributions of particulate matter in a single cylinder diesel engine. The three types of test fuel were biodiesel and two blended fuels which were added ethanol and diesel by 20 % volume based fraction into biodiesel, respectively. In this study, the injection rate, combustion pressure, exhaust emissions and size distributions of particulate matter were measured under various injection timings and injection pressures. The experimental results show that biodiesel-ethanol blended fuel has lengthened ignition delay and low combustion pressure in comparison with those of biodiesel and biodiesel-diesel blended fuel even if all fuels indicated similar trends of injection rate under equal injection pressures. In addition, the ethanol blended fuel significantly reduced nitrogen oxidies (NOx) and soot emissions. And then the size distribution of particulate matters shows that blended fuels restrain the formation of particles which were beyond the range of 150nm comparison with biodiesel fuel.

A Study on Characteristics of DPF for Heavy-duty Diesel Engine on Pollutant Emission Reduction (대형디젤엔진 배출가스 저감을 위한 DPF의 재생특성 연구)

  • Eom, D.K.;Lee, S.H.;Oh, S.K.
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.12 no.5
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    • pp.34-39
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    • 2008
  • The combustion purpose of diesel engine is to reduce the emission of green gas and to produce high output. Generally, the regulation matter of emission gas is largely diveded by 'THC', 'NOx', 'CO' and 'PM'. Among those matters, the most problem is to disgorge into 'PM', the character of diesel combustion. Diesel PM can be controlled using Diesel Particulate Filter, which can effectively reduce the level of soot emissions to ambient background levels. $NO_2$ generated by the DOC is used to combust the carbon collected in the DPF at low temperature. To certificate DPF device that is suitable to domestic circumstances, it is necessary to exactly evaluate the DPF devices according to the regulation of DPF certificate test procedure fur retrofit. To do carry out the above-mentioned description the understanding of that regulation like the standard of PM reduction is needed. In this study the test procedure including test cycle and BPT test condition was examined, and also the test result for specific DPF was analyzed. In every test like field test, PM reduction efficiency test and Seoul-10 mode test, no defect was showed.

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Expansion of Operating Range and Reduction of BSFC in Low Temperature Diesel Combustion with Boosting (과급을 이용한 저온 디젤 연소의 운전영역 확장 및 연료소비율 저감)

  • Shim, Eui-Joon;Han, Sang-Wook;Jang, Jin-Young;Park, Jung-Seo;Bae, Choong-Sik
    • Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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    • 2008.11b
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    • pp.3013-3018
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    • 2008
  • Supercharging system was adopted to investigate the influence of boost pressure on operating range, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and exhaust emissions by using a supercharger at low temperature diesel combustion (LTC) condition in a 5-cylinder 2.7 L direct injection diesel engine. The experimental parameters such as injection quantity, injection timing, injection pressure and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate were varied to find maximum operating range. The result showed that operating range with boost was expanded up to 41.9% compared to naturally aspirated LTC condition due to increased mixing intensity. The boosted LTC engine showed low BSFC value and dramatically reduced soot emission under all operating range compared with high speed direct injection (HSDI) mode. Finally, this paper presents the boosted LTC map of emission and the strategy of improved engine operating range.

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Combustion Characteristics of MDO and MDO Emulsion in Automotive Diesel Engine (선박 디젤유 및 선박 디젤유 에멀젼을 이용한 자동차용 디젤엔진의 연소특성)

  • Park, Jin-Kyu;Oh, Jung-Mo;Kim, Hyung-Ik;Lee, Chang-Hee;Lee, Ki-Hyung
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.36 no.9
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    • pp.945-951
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    • 2012
  • A water emulsion fuel can be used to reduce soot and NOx emissions simultaneously because it has a lower combustion temperature and better fuel atomization owing to the evaporative latent heat and microexplosion of water. Moreover, it can be used without making special modifications to conventional diesel engines. Therefore, this fuel has attracted considerable research attention. In addition, lower-grade fuels are being considered for use in conventional engines because of an increase in oil prices. In this study, we investigated the combustion and exhaust characteristics of MDO (marine diesel oil), which has a lower grade than common diesel oil, and ME (MDO water emulsion) under various test conditions in an automotive diesel engine.

The Characteristics on the Engine Performance for Variation of Fuel Injection Timing in DI Diesel Engine Using Biodiesel(II) (바이오디젤 사용과 연료분사시기 변화에 따른 DI 디젤기관 성능 특성(II))

  • Jang, Se-Ho
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.17 no.6
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    • pp.25-32
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    • 2013
  • Biodiesel is technically competitive with it and offers technical advantages over conventional petroleum diesel fuel. Biodiesel is an environment friendly alternative liquid fuel that can be used in any diesel engine without modification. In this study, (dP/dCA)max and heat release, emission characteristics with different fuel injection timings are compared between diesel fuel and biodiesel in the D.I. diesel engine with T/C. The engine was operated at five different fuel injection timings from BTDC 6deg to 14deg at 2deg intervals and with four different loads at engine speed of 1800rpm. The experiments in a test engine showed that ranges between low and high of (dP/dCA)max got narrower, as the engine load increased, BD blend rate increased, and fuel injection timing was delayed. Cumulative heat release increased with the advanced fuel injection timing. NOX emissions decreased with the delays of fuel injection timing.

Phenomenological Combustion Modeling of a Direct Injection Diesel Engine with In-Cylinder Flow Effects

  • Im, Yong-H.;Huh, Kang-Y.
    • Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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    • v.14 no.5
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    • pp.569-581
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    • 2000
  • A cycle simulation program is developed and its predictions are compared with the test bed measurements of a direct injection (DI) diesel engine. It is based on the mass and energy conservation equations with phenomenological models for diesel combustion. Two modeling approaches for combustion have been tested; a multi-zone model by Hiroyasu et al (1976) and the other one coupled with an in-cylinder flow model. The results of the two combustion models are compared with the measured imep, pressure trace and NOx and soot emissions over a range of the engine loads and speeds. A parametric study is performed for the fuel injection timing and pressure, the swirl ratio, and the squish area. The calculation results agree with the measured data, and with intuitive understanding of the general operating characteristics of a DI diesel engine.

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A Prediction of DI Diesel engine Performance using the Multizone Model (Multizone 모델을 이용한 직접분사식 디젤엔진 성능 예측에 관한 연구)

  • ;Liu Shenghua
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.40-47
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    • 2000
  • A model for the prediction of combustion and exhaust emissions of DI diesel engine has been formulated and developed. This model is a quasi-dimensional phenomenological one and is based on multi-zone combustion modelling concept. This model is developed based on the concept of Hiroyasu's multizone combustion models. It takes nozzle injection (spray) parameters, induction swirl into consideration and the models of zone velocity, air entrainment, fuel droplet evaporation and mixture combustion are upgraded. Various parameters, such as cylinder pressure, heat release rate, Nox and soot emission, and these parameters in the zone are simulated. The results are compared with the experimental ones, too.

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Analysis of Combustion Characteristics for a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine with Load Condition (예혼합 압축착화 디젤엔진의 부하변동에 따른 연소특성 분석)

  • 장시웅;이기형;이창식
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.17-23
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    • 2002
  • In order to reduce exhaust emissions from diesel engine under wide operating range, an experimental study based on a new concept of combustion called HCDC(Homogeneous Charge Diesel Combustion) was conducted. In this concept, most of the fuel is supplied as premixed homogeneous charge and the rest is directly injected into a cylinder to ignite. In this study we compared combustion characteristics of an HCDC engine with those of conventional diesel engines. At high premixed fuel ratio and high load range, it was observed that premixed combustion heat release rate was low and diffusion combustion duration was shorten. from this experiment, it was found that NOx is reduced by the lower maximum temperature and soot is reduced by rapid combustion during diffusion combustion phase.

Basic Study of Behavior Characteristics of Emulsified Fuel with Fuel Design (연료설계에 의한 에멀젼연료의 거동특성에 관한 기초연구)

  • Yeom, Jeong-Kuk
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.22-28
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    • 2015
  • A compression ignition type of diesel engine makes fuel efficiency better and $CO_2$ in the exhaust gas lower. Also it is suitable to apply alternative fuels(blended fuel) to the engine. The objective of this study is the emissions reduction of diesel engine with EF(Emulsified fuel). The emulsified fuel consists of diesel and peroxide($H_2O_2$) and Soot reduction without worsening of NOx emissions can be achieved by using thermal decomposition of the peroxide, i.e. the chemical effect of the OH radical in actual engine. For manufacturing emulsified fuel, a surfactant which is comprised of span 80 and tween 80 mixed as 9:1, was mixed with a fixed with 3% of the total volume in the emulsion fuel. In addition, considering the mixing ratio of the surfactant, the mixing ratio of $H_2O_2$ in the emulsified fuel was set as EF0, EF2, EF12, EF22, EF32, and EF42, respectively. Consequently, this study aims to obtain the optimization of fuel design(mixing) for the emulsified fuel applying to the diesel engine.

Numerical Study on Auto-ignition and Combustion Emissions Using Gasoline/Ethanol Surrogates (휘발유/에탄올 혼합연료의 자연발화 및 연소배기가스 특성에 관한 수치적 연구)

  • Lee, Eui Ju
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2016
  • More than five thousands transportation fires occurannually in Korea and the resulting destruction of property and loss of life is huge and results in traffic and environmental pollution. The recent development of automobile technology such as the hybrid concept and use of bio fuels makes fire protection even more difficult due to a lack of understanding of the new adapted system including vehicle engines. In this study, a numerical simulation was performed on a PSR (perfectly Stirred Reactor) to simulate an automobile engine and to clarify the effect of gasoline/ethanol surrogates as a fuel. The temperature, NOx and soot emissions were predicted to decrease with increasing ethanol content, but that of unburned hydrocarbons was found to increase dramatically. The result will provide not only the basic thermal characteristics for engines and their after-treatment systems, but also make it possible to assess the potential for fire events in these systems when an ethanol mixed fuel is used in gasoline vehicles.