• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.489-499
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• 2009

In an effort to examine the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS ver. 4.3) to the initial meteorological input data, detailed observational data of NOAA satellite SST (Sea Surface Temperature) was employed. The NOAA satellite SST which is currently provided daily as a seven-day mean value with resolution of 0.1 $^{\circ}$ grid spacing was used instead of the climatologically derived monthly mean SST using in RAMS. In addition, the RAMS SST data must be changed new one because it was constructed in 1993. For more realistic initial meteorological fields, the NOAA satellite SST was incorporated into the RAMS-preprocess package named ISentropic Analysis package (ISAN). When the NOAA SST data was imposed to the initial condition of prognostic RAMS model, the resultant performance of near surface atmospheric fields was discussed and compared with that of default option of SST. We got the good results that the new SST data was made in a standard RAMS format and showed the detailed variation of SST. As the modeling grid became smaller, the SST differences of the NOAA SST run and the RAMS SST43 (default) run in diurnal variation were very minor but this research can apply to further study for the realistic SST situation and the development in predicting regional atmospheric field which imply the regional circulation due to differential surface heating between sea and land or climatological phenomenon.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.29-42
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• 1995

A typhoon center location and its intensity from the 54.96GMz channel of Microwave Sounding Unit(MSU) on board the NOAA satellite is analyzed. NOAA satellite MSU channel 3 data may delineate the development and dissipation of the upper tropospheric warm core associated with a typhoon. The typhoon warm core is related to microwave imagery of 250hPa temperature field (54.96GMz). The typhoon center intensity, surface center pressure and maximum wind speed at the eye well, correlate to horozontal Laplacian of an upper tropospheric temperature field. The typhoon center is found from the analysis of 250hPa temperature field. The excellent correlation is found between the horizontal Laplacian of an tropospheric temperature field and surface maximum wind speed, another correlation is found between the warm temperature anomaly and surface pressure anomaly.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.663-675
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• 2011

Sea Surface Temperatures (SSTs) using the equations of NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) / NESDIS (National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service) were validated over the seas around Korea with satellite-tracked drifter data. A total 1,070 of matchups between satellite data and drifter data were acquired for the period of 2009. The mean rms errors of Multi- Channel SSTs (MCSSTs) and Non-Linear SSTs (NLSSTs) were evaluated to, in most of the cases, less than $1^{\circ}C$. However, the errors revealed dependencies on atmospheric and oceanic conditions. For the most part, SSTs were underestimated in winter and spring, whereas overestimated in summer. In addition to the seasonal characteristics, the errors also presented the effect of atmospheric moist that satellite SSTs were estimated considerably low ($-1.8^{\circ}C$) under extremely dry condition ($T_{11{\mu}m}-T_{12{\mu}m}$ < $0.3^{\circ}C$), whereas the tendency was reversed under moist condition. Wind forcings induced that SSTs tended to be higher for daytime data than in-situ measurements but lower for nighttime data, particularly in the range of low wind speeds. These characteristics imply that the validation of satellite SSTs should be continuously conducted for diverse regional applications.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.113-130
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• 1991

Meterological satellites have taken their important place as astandard observing platform from which to measure weather. Specially, they provide a useful information about the weather of wide dessert or sea. This information is really helpful to understand the field of satellite meteorology. Several leading countries, for example, USA, EC, Russia, and Japan, launch two different satellites, both Geostationary and Polar orbiting satellite system. Hewever no technology is developed to our own groundstation for NOAA satellite. The purpose of this paper is to build a home-made NOAA APT groundstation and image processing system to supply this system to secondary school or college.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 1988

The operational NOAA satellite temperature soundings are utilized to determine the horizontal wind and vertical motion fields for a polar low case over the East Asian region by solving the nonlinear balance equation and the omega equation. Preliminary results demonstrate that the balanced wind and vertical motion fields derived from the satellite data give reasonable synoptic patterns associated with the polar low. This encourages the use of satellite information as inputs in the numerical weather prediction models.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-5
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• 1993

Real time transparency estimation method was studied using AVHRR Channel 1 (Visible band, 0.58 - 0.68 $\mu\textrm{m}$) digital number (DN) of NOAA Satellite. The relationshop between the measured transparency and the digital number shows following exponential equation in the southeastern Yellow Sea : Tr = 4820 $\times$ exp (-0.082 $\times$ DN), 77 $\leq$ DN < 105 where Tr is the transparency in meters and DN is the digital number of AVHRR Channel 1. From this equation, real time transparency can be simply estimated using data from the NOAA Ground Station of National Fisheries Research and Development Agency.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.83-107
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• 1994

Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) estimated by using the operational SST derivation equations of NOAA/NESDIS were compared with satellite-tracked drifter temperatures. As a result of eliminating cloud-filled or contaminated pixels through several cloud tests, 69 matchup points between the drifter temperatures and the SSTs estimated with NOAA satellite 9, 10. 11 and 12 data from August, 1993 to July, 1994 were collected. Multi-channel sea surface temperature(MCSST) using a split window technique showed an approximately $1.0{\circ}C$ rms error as compared with the drifting buoy temperatures for 69 coincidences. Accuracies for satellete-derived sea surface temperatures were evaluated for only NOAA-11 AVHRR data which had relatively large matchups of 35points as compared with other satellites. For the comparison of the oberved temperatures with the calculated SSTs, linear MCSST and nonlinear cross product sea surface temperature(CPSST) algorithms by the split, the dual and the triple window technique were used respectively. As a result, the split window CPSSTs showed the smallest rms error of $0.72{\circ}C$. Defferences between the split window SSTs and the drifter temperatures appeared th have a linear tendency against the drifter temperatures and also against the differences between AVHRR channel 4 and 5 brighness temperatures. This indicates some possibilities that satelite-derived SSTs operationally calculated from the NOAA/NESDIS equation in the seas around Korea have been underestimated as compared with actural SSTs in case sea water temperature is relatively low or the atmosphere over the sea surface is very dry like in winter, while overstimated in case of high temperature or very moist atmospheric equations based on local sea measurements around Korea instead of global measurements should be derived.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.786-789
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• 2003

The detection of sandstorms and industrial pollutants has been the emphasis of this study. Data obtained from meteorological satellites, NOAA and GMS, have been used for detailed analysis. MODIS and Landsat images are also used for the application of future KOMPSAT- 2. Verification of satellite observations has been made with air pollution data obtained by ground-level monitors. It was found that satellite measurements agree well with concentrations and variations of air pollutants measured on the ground, and that satellite technique is a very useful device for monitoring large-scale air pollution in East Asia. The quantitative analysis of satellite image data on air pollution is the goal in the future studies.

• Atmosphere
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.93-104
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• 2017

The effect of Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) observations on the short-range forecast in East Asia (EA) was investigated for the Northern Hemispheric (NH) summer and winter months, using the Forecast Sensitivity to Observations (FSO) method. For both periods, the contribution of radiosonde (TEMP) to the EA forecast was largest, followed by AIRCRAFT, AMSU-A, Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), and the atmospheric motion vector of Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS) or Multi-functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT). The contribution of AMSU-A sensor was largely originated from the NOAA 19, NOAA 18, and MetOp-A (NOAA 19 and 18) satellites in the NH summer (winter). The contribution of AMSU-A sensor on the MetOp-A (NOAA 18 and 19) satellites was large at 00 and 12 UTC (06 and 18 UTC) analysis times, which was associated with the scanning track of four satellites. The MetOp-A provided the radiance data over the Korea Peninsula in the morning (08:00~11:30 LST), which was important to the morning forecast. In the NH summer, the channel 5 observations on MetOp-A, NOAA 18, 19 along the seaside (along the ridge of the subtropical high) increased (decreased) the forecast error slightly (largely). In the NH winter, the channel 8 observations on NOAA 18 (NOAA 15 and MetOp-A) over the Eastern China (Tibetan Plateau) decreased (increased) the forecast error. The FSO provides useful information on the effect of each AMSU-A sensor on the EA forecasts, which leads guidance to better use of AMSU-A observations for EA regional numerical weather prediction.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.880-883
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• 2006

Altimeter(Topex/Poseidon) and AVHRR(NOAA) data were used to study the variations and correlations of Sea Level(SL) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the North East Asian Seas from November 1993 to May 1998. This region is influenced simultaneously to continental and oceanic climate as the border of the East Sea(Japan Sea). SL and SST have increased gradually every year because the global warming, and presented usually a strong annual variations in Kuroshio extension region with the influence of bottom topography.