• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.342-351
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• 2016

The bioactive compound and antioxidant property of Korean yam (Dioscorea batatas DECNE.) were studied using in vitro methods. Yam available in Korea was analyzed for lycopene, chlorophyll a, b, tannin, phytic acid and total saponin contents. 70% Methanol, 70% ethanol and chloroform-methanol mixture (CM, 2:1, v/v) were used to extract yam. Then the antioxidant activity evaluated through ferrous ion chelating activity, ${\beta}$-carotene bleaching method, lipid peroxidation inhibition and nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging activity. 70% Methanol extract showed the highest ferrous ion chelating activity and NO radical scavenging activity. And CM extract was the most effective in inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation evaluated by ${\beta}$-carotene bleaching assay and lipid peroxidation inhibition assay. Based on the results obtained, yam is a potential active ingredient that could be applied in antioxidation as well as bio-health functional food to take a good part in prevention of human diseases and aging.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.303-308
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• 2016

Background: This study aimed to investigate the antioxidat and antimicrobial activities of the methanol extract and its fractions prepared from the roots of Sanguisorba officinalis L. Methods and Results: The antioxidant activities were compared by evaluating the DPPH radical and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging ability. Measurement of DPPH radical scavenging ability showed that the $SC_{50}$ values of the ethyl acetate fraction was $3.85{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the most effective DPPH radical scavenging ability compared with the other samples. As for the NO scavenging ability, at all tested concentrations, the ethyl acetate fraction showed a higher scavenging activity than that of the extract and other fractions. These results are related to the total phenolic compound and flavonoid contents of the ethyl acetate fraction. Antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens was investigated using the disc diffusion assay. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest antimicrobial activity against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. However, the chloroform fraction had a higher antimicrobial activity against gram-negative Vibrio vulnificus than that of the extract and other fractions. Conclusions: The results show that the ethyl acetate fraction had a higher antioxidant as well as antimicrobial activity, than did the other samples. Therefore, the ethyl acetate fraction has potential application in the food industry.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.109-115
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• 2015

This study was investigated the radical scavenging effect and the protective activity of caffeic acid (CA) against oxidative stress. CA showed strong 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical ( OH) scavenging activity, showing 42.00% and 87.22% at 5 μM concentration of DPPH and ·OH scavenging activity, respectively. Furthermore, we studied protective activity of CA from amyloid beta (A${\beta}$_25-35) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced neuronal cell damage and neuronal inflammation using C6 glial cells. The treatment of A${\beta}$_25-35 to C6 glial cell showed declines in cell viability and high generation levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the treatment of CA increased cell viability. The treatment of 5 ${{\mu}M}$ CA led to the elevation of cell viability from 59.28% to 81.22%. In addition, the production of ROS decreased cellular levels of ROS by the treatment of CA. The treatment of LPS to C6 glial cells increased significant elevation of nitric oxide (NO) production, while CA decreased NO production significantly. The production of NO increased by the treatment of LPS to 131.08%, while CA at the concentration of 1 ${{\mu}M}$ declined the NO production to 104.86%. The present study indicated thatCA attenuated A${\beta}$_25-35-induced neuronal oxidative stress and inflammation by LPS, suggesting as a promising agent for the neurodegenerative diseases.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.365-371
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• 2008

This study was conducted to determine the potent physiological activity of traditional wild tea ("Don tea"; coin-shaped tea) as affected by different harvesting times, aging periods and extracting temperatures, No difference in anti-oxidative activities in the harvesting time and extracting temperature of tea leaves was observed. However, short aging periods of Don tea showed high ABTS {2-2-azonobis (3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulphonic acid)} activity, ranging from 71.52 to 79.96%. DPPH (${\alpha},\;{\alpha}-diphenyl-{\beta}-picryl-hydrazyl$) radical scavenging activity of Don tea was 71.10 to 91.40%. Especially, longer aging period and an extracting temperature of $100^{\circ}C$ showed higher DPPH radical scavenging activity. With longer aging periods and an extraction at $90^{\circ}C$, nitrite radical scavenging activity of Don tea ranged from 74.04 to 94.92%. On the other hand, angiotensin 1-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition activity of Don tea was 59.77-81.97%. It showed higher activity when harvested in June and August, aged for longer periods, and extracted at $100^{\circ}C$. These results suggested Korean traditional Don tea exhibited the highest physiological activity when aged over 8 months.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.32 no.3 s.126
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• pp.175-180
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• 2001

Solvent extracts of 17 plants collected in Cheju Island were investigated for their biological properties related to cosmeceuticals such as tyrosinase and hyaluronidase inhibition and also radical scavenging effects. The chloroform fraction of Phytolacca esculenta root exhibited strong inhibition against tyrosinase activity. No fraction showed significant hyaluronidase inhibition. Some solvent extracts of plants such as Achyranthes japonica and Artemisia princeps showed considerable radical scavenging activities.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.322-328
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• 2006

A series of methanol extracts from leaf and root parts in spring- and winter-barley plants were assayed to determine their allelopathy and antioxidant activity. The methanol extracts applied on filter paper in a Petri-dish significantly inhibited root growth of Chinese milkvetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) seedlings. Leaf extracts at 25 and 50 g $L^{-1}$ inhibited root growth of Chinese milkvetch seedlings more than root extracts. No difference in phytotoxic effects of spring- and winter-barley seedlings extracts on root growth of Chinese milkvetch was observed. Methanol extracts dose-dependently increased DPPH free radical scavenging activity in vitro. DPPH free radical scavenging activity was higher in the methanol extracts from winter-barley seedlings than in those from spring-barley seedlings, and from leaf extracts than from root extracts. The antioxidant potential of the individual fraction from the methanol extracts of spring-barley seedlings was in order of n-butanol>ethyl acetate>water>chloroform>n-hexane fraction. By means of HPLC analysis, spring-barley (200.62 mg $100g^{-1}$) had more amount of total phenol acid than winter-barley (114.08 mg $100g^{-1}$). Especially, ferulic acid was detected in spring-barley extract (183.46 mg $100g^{-1}$) as the greatest amount. These results suggest that early seedlings of barley plants had potent allelopathy and antioxidant activity, and their activities were differently exhibited depending on plant parts and growing condition.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.620-627
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• 2015

The present study was carried out to investigate the biological activity of ethanol extracts from fermented Opuntia humifusa with 3 different mushroom mycelia: Phellinus linteus, Lentinula edodes, and Pleurotus ostreatus. Fermented Opuntia humifusa by Phellinus linteus (FOP) and Lentinula edodes (FOL) showed more DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities than non-fermented Opuntia humifusa (NFO) and fermented Opuntia humifusa by Pleurotus ostreatus (FOPO). At a concentration of 250 ppm, the ABTS radical scavenging activities of the FOP and FOL were similar to that of BHA, a synthetic antioxidant. The total polyphenol content had a similar tendency to that of the radical scavenging activity. However, the flavonoid content was increased in the order of NFO, FOL, FOPO, and FOP. At all concentrations, the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of FOP and FOPO were significantly higher than that of kojic acid. During adipocyte differentiation, NFO and FOL showed no significant difference in lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. FOP and FOPO showed a higher fat accumulation inhibitory effect than NFO and FOL. These results provide baseline data for Opuntia humifusa as a novel functional food.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Goryeon-hwan (GRH), which is mentioned in ≪Donguibogam≫ that treats leukorrhea. Methods: In this study, the antioxidant efficacy of GRH was evaluated by measuring the total polyphenol and flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and ROS production through RAW264.7 cells. The concentration of GRH cytotoxicity was confirmed through the cell viability of RAW264.7 cells, and the production of NO, the production of Cytokine through ELISA assay, and the expression of genes through Real-time PCR were measured to evaluate anti-inflammatory efficacy. Protein phosphorylation and protein expression were measured through Western blot analysis. Results: As a result of the experiment, GRH contained polyphenol and flavonoid, and concentration-dependent increased DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging activity and decreased ROS production. The anti-inflammatory efficacy measurement results showed a significant decrease in NO and Cytokine production in the GRH administration group compared to the control group. In terms of gene expression and protein expression, there was a significant decrease in iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α depending on the concentration, and a significant increase in HO-1 and NQO1. Protein phosphorylation measurements showed a concentration-dependent significant decrease in the GRH group at ERK and p38. Conclusions: As a result, the study experimentally confirmed the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of GRH, suggesting that it may be used as a treatment for various gynecological inflammatory diseases including vaginitis.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1-6
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• 2012

Objectives : ROS are involved in a wide spectrum of diseases including chronic inflammation and cancer. S.chinensis Baill, a perennial herb commonly called Chinese lizard's tail or Sam-baek-cho in Korea, is used for the treatment of edema and inflammatory diseases in the Oriental folk medicine. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant activities and anti-inflammatory effects of the two extracts, water(WE) and ethyl acetate(EAE) from S.chinensis Baill. Methods : Anti-oxidant activity was evaluated using Fe2+ chelating and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. DNA cleavage assay, and western blot and immunostaining for phospho-p65 were performed to evaluate anti-oxidative effect. Anti-inflammatory effect was performed using NO generation assay and western blot in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cell. Results : In Fe2+ chelating activity and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, WE showed more strong scavenging activity for hydroxyl radical than EAE. WE scavenged hydroxyl radical by 12% at 3.2 ${\mu}g/ml$, 21% at 16 ${\mu}g/ml$, 32% at 80 ${\mu}g/ml$, 66% at 400 ${\mu}g/ml$ and 82% at 2000 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. In addition, WE showed more strong chelating activity than EAE. WE chelated Fe2+ ion by 1.1% at 3.2 ${\mu}g/ml$, 8.2% at 16 ${\mu}g/ml$, 26.3% at 80 ${\mu}g/ml$, 72% at 400 ${\mu}g/ml$ and 89% at 2000 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. Also, WE inhibited oxidative damage via its anti-oxidant activity. In anti-inflammatory effect, EAE inhibited NO production and iNOS expression. In addition EAE suppressed the NF-${\kappa}B$ and MAPK signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusions : Together, these data indicate that S. chinensis Baill, shows anti-oxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effect.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.437-440
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• 2006

To explore the possible usefulness of ${\beta}$-glucans as natural antioxidants, the antioxidant profiles of ${\beta}$-glucan, extracted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCTC 7911, and water soluble and insoluble mutant ${\beta}$-glucan, isolated from yeast mutant S. cerevisiae IS2, were examined by five different in vitro evaluation methods: lipid peroxidation value (POV), nitric oxide (NO), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, reducing power, and ${\beta}$-carotene diffusion assay. The antioxidant activities of all ${\beta}$-glucans evaluated in POV test were comparable to or better than that of the known antioxidant, vitamin C. Remarkably, the ${\beta}$-glucan and water insoluble mutant ${\beta}$-glucan possessed 2.5-fold more potent activity than vitamin C at a dosage of 2 mg. Although vitamin C showed 100-fold greater activity than all ${\beta}$-glucans in NO and DPPH tests for measuring the radical scavenging capacity, all ${\beta}$-glucans revealed higher radical scavenging activity than the known radical scavenger, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), in DPPH test. The water insoluble mutant ${\beta}$-glucan had 2.6- and 5-fold greater antioxidative activity than water soluble ${\beta}$-glucan in NO and DPPH tests, respectively, showing that all ${\beta}$-glucans were able to scavenge radicals such as NO or DPPH. While all ${\beta}$-glucans revealed lower antioxidant profiles than vitamin C in both reducing power activity and ${\beta}$-carotene agar diffusion assay, the ${\beta}$-glucan and water insoluble mutant ${\beta}$-glucan did show a marginal reducing power activity as well as a considerable ${\beta}$-carotene agar diffusion activity. These results confirmed the potential usefulness of these ${\beta}$-glucans as natural antioxidants.