• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.161-165
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• 2005

In this paper, we observed degradation characteristics of luminous flux for new light source. Because degradation tests can be a useful tool for assessing the reliability when few or even no failures are expected in a life tests. And we use a simple random coefficient degradation model to induce most suitable equation of degradation. As a result, exponential distribution and equation is best suitable model for new light source.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.302-305
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• 2004

In this paper, We observed degradation characteristics of luminous flux for PLS. Because degradation tests can be a useful tool for assessing the reliability when few or even no failures are expected in a life tests, and we also use a temperature chamber to accelerate degradation of luminous flux for PLS. As a result, Exponential distribution and equation is best suitable model for PLS.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.505-506
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• 2015

In this paper, two types of switched reluctance motors (SRMs) with segmental rotors are presented in detail. One is 6/5 segmental rotor type; the other is 12/8 segmental rotor type. Both motors have the same stator, rotor and winding configurations. The stator is constructed with special stator poles in which the exciting and auxiliary poles are designed exclusively. The rotor is constructed from a series of discrete segments, each of which is embedded in the magnetic isolator. The windings are only wound on the exciting poles, and no windings are wound on the auxiliary poles. These structures result in short flux path and high flux-linkage utilization in the proposed motors, which may reduce the magneto motive force (MMF) requirement and increase the electrical utilization of the machine. To verify the proposed two structures, the characteristics of the proposed two types are analyzed and compared with that of conventional 12/8 SRM.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.1866-1870
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• 2019

Residual salt separation is an essential step in pyroprocessing because its reaction products, as prepared by electrochemical unit processes, contain frozen residual electrolyte species, which are generally composed of alkali-metal chloride salts (e.g., LiCl, KCl). In this study, a simple technique that utilizes high-temperature gas flux as a driving force to melt and push out the residual salt in the reaction products was developed. This technique is simple as it only requires the use of a heating gun in combination with a gas injection system. Consequently, $LiNO_3-ZrO_2$ and $LiCl-ZrO_2$ mixtures were successfully separated by the high-temperature gas injection (separation efficiency > 93%), thereby demonstrating the viability of this simple technique for residual salt separation.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.66
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• pp.53-59
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• 2023

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has no effect on normal cells, but selectively can induce apoptosis in tumor cells. Gartanin, a xanthone compound in mangosteen, has been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth by arresting the cell cycle and inducing autophage. In this study, we revealed that gartanin can sensitize TRAIL-induced human liver cancer cell death. We also found that gartanin enhances DR5 expression, a death receptor for TRAIL. This effect appears to be related to CHOP activation associated with the response of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Gartanin treatment also inhibited p62 protein expression and cleaved LC3 to activate autophagy flux, which is related with TRAIL-induced cell death. Pretreatment with autophagy flux inhibitor, LY294002, inhibited gartanin-induced DR5 expression. In summary, our results reveal that the combined treatment of gartanin and TRAIL can be a valuable tool for cancer treatment.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.673-684
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• 2024

STREAM, developed by the Computational Reactor Physics and Experiment laboratory (CORE) of the Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), is a deterministic neutron- and photon-transport code primarily designed for light water reactor (LWR) analysis. Initially, the photon module in STREAM did not account for fluorescence and bremsstrahlung photons. This article presents recent developments regarding the integration of atomic relaxation and bremsstrahlung models into the existing photon module, thus allowing for the transport of secondary photons. The photon flux and photon heating computed with the newly incorporated models is compared to results obtained with the Monte Carlo code MCS. The incorporation of secondary photons has substantially improved the accuracy of photon flux calculations, particularly in scenarios involving strong gamma emitters. However, it is essential to note that despite the consideration of secondary photon sources, there is no noticeable improvement in the photon heating for LWR problems when compared to the photon heating obtained with the previous version of STREAM.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2014

This research designed Waste Heat Recovery System(WHRS) generation system of 250kW whose working fluid is R-245fa and studied on cycle characteristics by superheater organization. It simulated two conditions; series connection and parallel connection between superheater and evaporator. In simulation of series connection of superheater and evaporator, output of 4.7% could be improved because of the increase of enthalpy by overheating of working fluid. When setting 250kW for target output, cycle flux could be reduced by 4.1%. When setting 250kW as a target output of cycle In parallel connection simulation of superheater and evaporator, cycle flux was reduced as flux of heat source fluid for superheater was increased. So, the maximum 7.9% of working fluid pump's electric power was reduced and there was no big change in cycle efficiency and net efficiency by flux ratio.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.294-305
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• 2012

The objective of this study is to estimate the chemical compositions and to identify qualitative sources of fall-out particles in study area. Also, this study used a spatial analysis to estimate spatial distributions and average deposition flux. In this study, the chemical compositions of fall-out particle samples collected at Muncheon lake from May 2010 to January 2011 were analyzed by ICP and IC. The monthly trend of deposition fluxes for fall-out particles showed highest in June ($107.61kg/km^2/day$) and lowest in October ($22.22kg/km^2/day$). The average fluxes of Fe, Si, Al, Zn and Ba are 0.44, 0.24, 0.20, 0.17, $0.09kg/km^2/day$, respectively. Also, the average fluxes of $NO_3^-$, $SO_4^{2-}$, $NH_4^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, and $Na^+$ are 6.48, 5.01, 4.96, 1.75, $1.37kg/km^2/day$, respectively. A Factor analysis identified four sources such as 1) nonferrous metal, motor vehicle, and agriculture, 2) soil, 3) field burning, incineration, and 4) road dust and oil burning. The IDW (inverse distance weighting) spatial analysis method was used to estimate spatial distribution and average deposition flux for fall-out particles. A total average deposition fluxes estimated in Muncheon lake were 936.15 kg/month. The spatial distribution trend of deposition flux showed higher at site 1 and 2 than at site 3, 4 because local road is adjacent to the site 1 and 2.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.139-150
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• 1995

The Quantitative estimations of the stratification - destratification(SD) phenomena in Deukryang Bay, Korea have been carried out based on the data of wind speed, heat flux through the sea surface and tidal current amplitude. To find out the main factors causing SD, wv introduce the rate of energy balance of the surface heat flux, tidal and wind stirring proposed by Simpson and Hunter(1974). The calculated potential energy of three terms are compared, from which the energy of wind stirring effect was one order smaller than the heat flux and the tidal stirring. Using the results, we complement time integration of the potential energy with the several s values of 0.010~0.014 at interval 0.001 and with wind speeds of 1.5 and 2.0 times larger than observation values at land. It shows that the variation of SD phenomena in the bay mainly depended on tidal stirring and sea surface heating in summer if there is no exceptionally strong wind event like Typhoon. The stratification become to be foamed from about 5 July although the stratification a little decreases during the second spring tidal period of middle of July.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.231-241
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• 2008

Indole glucosinolates (IG) play important roles in plant defense, plant-insect interactions, and stress responses in plants. In an attempt to metabolically engineer the IG pathway flux in Chinese cabbage, three important Arabidopsis cDNAs, CYP79B2, CYP79B3, and CYP83B1, were introduced into Chinese cabbage by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Overexpression of CYP79B3 or CYP83B1 did not affect IG accumulation levels, and overexpression of CYP79B2 or CYP79B3 prevented the transformed callus from being regenerated, displaying the phenotype of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) overproduction. However, when CYP83B1 was overexpressed together with CYP79B2 and/or CYP79B3, the transformed calli were regenerated into whole plants that accumulated higher levels of glucobrassicin, 4-hydroxy glucobrassicin, and 4-methoxy glucobrassicin than wild-type controls. This result suggests that the flux in Chinese cabbage is predominantly channeled into IAA biosynthesis so that coordinate expression of the two consecutive enzymes is needed to divert the flux into IG biosynthesis. With regard to IG accumulation, overexpression of all three cDNAs was no better than overexpression of the two cDNAs. The content of neoglucobrassicin remained unchanged in all transgenic plants. Although glucobrassicin was most directly affected by overexpression of the transgenes, elevated levels of the parent IG, glucobrassicin, were not always accompanied by increases in 4-hydroxy and 4-methoxy glucobrassicin. However, one transgenic line producing about 8-fold increased glucobrassicin also accumulated at least 2.5 fold more 4-hydroxy and 4-methoxy glucobrassicin. This implies that a large glucobrassicin pool exceeding some threshold level drives the flux into the side chain modification pathway. Aliphatic glucosinolate content was not affected in any of the transgenic plants.