• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1579-1584
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• 2003

An integrated gold microdisk electrode was constructed and modified with metal-porphyrin or metal-phthalocyanines for NO determination in biological media. Microanalysis of NO using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry in $1\;{\times}\;10^{-2}$ M $HClO_4$ was optimal when the accumulation potential was 0.1 V, frequency 100 Hz, and the scan rate was 200 mV/s. When the electrode was modified with metal-porphyrin or metal-phthalocyanines, the anodic peak currents of NO increased due to the catalytic oxidation of NO. In case of Fe(II)-phthalocyanine modified electrode, the peak currents remarkably increased and the sensitivity was high. The calibration curve had good linearity in the range from $3.6\;{\times}\;10^{-5}$ M to $7.2\;{\times}\;10^{-7}$ M, and the detection limit was $5.7\;{\times}\;10^{-7}$ M. For the structural stability and increased sensitivity, Fe(II)-phthalocyanine modified gold microdisk electrode coated with Nafion was applied to determination of NO released from cultured macrophase.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.661-668
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• 2006

There have been some controversies on the use of the coefficient of determination for linear no-intercept model. One definition of the coefficient of determination, $R^2={\sum}\;{\widehat{y^2}}\;/\;{\sum}\;y^2$, is being widely accepted only for linear no-intercept models though Kvalseth (1985) demonstrated some possible pitfalls in using such $R^2$. Main objective of this note is to report that $R^2$ is not a desirable measure of fit for the no-intercept linear model. In fact it is found that mean square error(MSE) could replace $R^2$ efficiently in most cases where selection of no-intercept model is at issue.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.145-154
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• 2005

There have been some controversies on the use of the coefficient of determination for linear no-intercept model. One definition of the coefficient of determination, $R^2=\sum\;{y}{^{\hat{2}}/\sum\;{y^2}$, is being widely accepted only for linear no-intercept models though Kvalseth(1985) demonstrated some possible pitfalls in using such $R^2$. Main objective of this article is to provide a cautionary notice for use of the $R^2$ by pointing out its tricky aspects by means of empirical simulations.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.70-80
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• 2000

The attitude knowledge error model is formulated for specifically KOMPSAT attitude determination system using the Lefferts/Markley/Shuster method, and the attitude determination(AD) error analysis is performed so as to investgate the on-board attitude determination capability of KOrea Multi-Purpose SATellite(KOMPSAT) using the covariance analysis method. Analysis results show there is almost no initial value effect on Attitude Determination (AD) error and the sensor noise effects on AD error are drastically decreased as is predicted because of the inherent characteristic of Kalman filter structure. However, it shows that the earth radiance effect of IR-sensor(earth sensor) and the bias effects of both IR-sensor and fine sun sensor are the dominant factors degrading AD error and gyro rate bias estimate error in AD system. Analysis results show that the attitude determination errors of roll, pitch and yaw axes are 0.056, 0.092 and 0.093 degrees, respectively. These numbers are smaller than the required values for the normal mission of KOMPSAT. Also, the selected on-orbit data of KOMPSAT is presented to demonstrate the designed AD system.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.167.5-167
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• 2001

Single point attitude determination method provides an optimal attitude minimizing the Wahba loss function. However, for the insufficient number of measurement vectors, the conventional single point methods has no unique solution. Thus, we introduce the sequential method to and an optimal attitude minimizing the windowed loss function. In this paper, this function is de ned as the sum of square errors for all measurement vectors within the axed sliding window. For simple implementation, the proposed algorithm is rewritten as a recursive form. Moreover, the covariance matrix is derived and expressed as a recursive form. Finally, we apply this algorithm to the attitude determination system with three LOS measurement sensors.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1998

To compare different methods for the determination of available soil P in the relationship between the soil P and plant uptake of P, rice and corn were cultivated in the pot filled with soils of different available P contents. The soils were taken from 20 rice fields and 20 upland soils. The available soil P were determined before the experiment by Olsen, Lancaster, Bray 1, Bray 2, Mehlich II and Calcium lactate methods and the correlations between the available soil P measured by different methods and the amount of P taken up by corn at 10 leaf stage and by rice at maximum tillering stage were investigated. In upland soils, the available P measured by all the methods was linearly regressed with high significance to the amount of P taken up by corn. The coefficients of determination($R^2$) in the regression equations ranged from 0.596(Calcium lactate method) to 0.891(Olsen method). In rice soils, the soil available P did not regressed by first-order to the amount of P taken up by rice plant, while Michaelis-Menten equation better explained the relationship between the two parameters. In the Michaelis-Menten equation the coefficients of determination for each analytical method ranged from 0.607(Mehlich II method) to 0.923(Lancaster method). Based upon these observations it is concluded that for testing of available P for corn soils Olsen, Bray 2 and Lancaster methods are equally superior to other methods. For rice soils Lancaster, Bray 1, and Bray 2 methods are better than others.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.341-346
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• 1996

Electrochemical determination of iodide was carried out by stripping voltammetry with a $(Cin)Cu(NO_3)_2$ modified-carbon paste electrode. Iodide was coordinated onto the electrode surface containing $(Cin)Cu(NO_3)_2$ via ion exchange. The oxidation peak potential of incorporated iodide was ＋0.72 V. The optimum analytical conditions for the determination of iodide were investigated using linear sweep voltammetry. Optimum conditions for the electrochemical determination of iodide were as follows: i) A predeposition solution was 0.1 M $KNO_3.$ ii) The deposition time was 10 min. iii) The composition of the electrode was 40% (w/w). The detection limit for iodide was $1.0{\times}10^{-6}M$ and the relative standard deviation was ${\pm}5.5%\;in\;2.0{\times}10^{-5}M$(four repetitions). The interference effect of other anions were also investigated. $Cl^-,\;Br^-,\;C_2O_4^{2-},\;and\;ClO_4^-$ ions do not interfere for the determination of iodide. When $SCN^-$ was added to the deposition solution, the oxidation peak current of iodide ion was decreased roughly 32%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.422-429
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• 1997

For the complete and accurate amino acid determination of protein and food samples, 3 different hydrolysis procedures have been conducted in parallel for each sample, which include the alkaline hydrolysis for tryptophan determination, performic acid oxidation prior to the acid hydrolysis for the determination of cysteine and cystine, and the 6N HCl hydrolysis for the determination of the rest of amino acids. In the present study, amino acid concentrations obtained from the modified single hydrolysis procedure were compared with the values from the conventional hydrolysis procedures in casein and nine food and composite dish samples. In most of the samples tested, the modified single hydrolysis procedure gave significantly higher values of cysteins and cystein compared to the performic acid oxidation method, but resulted in a considerable destruction of tryptophan in food and composited dish samples. There was no consistent difference in the rest of amino acid concentrations between the two hydrolysis systems. Therefore, for complete amino acid determination of various foods and composite dishes, the single hydrolysis method may replace the 6N HCl hydrolysis and performic acid oxidation methods, and thereby reduces 3 hydrolyses to 2 steps with much higher recoveries of the sulfur containing amino acids.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.1177-1183
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a weight control program and compliancy in overweight women. Method: This program was composed of strategies to modify diet and exercise and to change compliance and self determination over an 8 week period. The subjects were 19 overweight women who participated in our project voluntarily. Data was collected from May 4 to Jun 30 of 2007. The program consisted of regular rapid walking exercise, diet, mobile phone messages and e-mail. The data was analyzed by Repeated Measures ANOVA using the SPSS WIN program. Result: According to 3 assessment periods, there were significant differences in body weight, body mass index, and compliance. There were no significant differences in self determination. Conclusion: These findings suggest that more intensive interventions may be needed to demonstrate a change in self determination.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.276-276
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• 2000

This paper presents the efficient algorithms for the pose determination of a circular object with and without a priori knowledge of the object radius. The developed algorithms valid for a circular object are the result of the elaboration of Ma's work [2], which determines the pose of a conic object from two perspective views. First, the geometric constraint of a circular object and its projection on the image plane of a camera is described. The number of perspective views required for the object pose determination with and without a priori knowledge of the object radius is also discussed. Second, with a priori knowledge of the object radius, the pose of a circular object is determined from a single perspective view. The object pose information, expressed by two surface normal vectors and one position vector, is given in a closed form and with no ambiguity. Third, without a priori knowledge of the object radius, the pose of a circular object is determined from two perspective views. While the surface normal vectors are obtained from the first view, the position vector is obtained from the two views.