• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제23권7호
• /
• pp.964-970
• /
• 2002

We synthesized three kinds of chromophores incorporating aromatic quinoline unit as a $\pi-conjugated$ bridge in order to prepare more thermally stable nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophores than general stilbene unit. The NLO poly(methylmethacrylate) copolymer, polyimides, and polyester were successfully synthesized by these corresponding quinoline-based monomers. Their physical and optical properties were investigated by thermogravimetry, gel permeation chromatography, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, second harmonic generation (SHG) and electro-optic (EO) measurement. All the polymers exhibited better thermal stability,however their NLO activity was a little lower than that of general stilbene-based NLO polymers. Among three kinds of polymers, the PMMA copolymer with quinoline chromophores had the largest SHG coefficient d33 value of 27 pm/V (at 1.064 $\mu\textrm{m})$ and EO coefficient r33 value of 6.8 pm/V (at 1.3 $\mu\textrm{m}$).

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.198-203
• /
• 1997

Two different carbazolylnitrostilbene chromophores with second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) activity were newly synthesized by the reaction of 9-(2-hydroxyethyl)-9H-carbazol-3-carbaldehyde with 4-nitrophenylacetonitrile or 4-nitrophenylacetic acid. The NLO monomers were obtained by reaction of these chromophores with methacryloyl chloride. The side-chain nonlinear optical polymers were synthesized by the copolymerization of NLO monomer with methylmethacrylate using a free radical initiator. The chemical structures of the polymers were identified by spectroscopic means and the polymer properties such as molecular weight, Tg, solubility, UV-visible absorption, and second-harmonic generation (SHG) coefficients were investigated.

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.101-106
• /
• 2004

The photorefractive composites fabricated by blending NLO chromophores such as 3-(4-{bis-[4-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-phenyl]-amino}-phenyl)-2-isocyano-acrylonitrile (PAIA), bis-[4-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-phenyl]-{4-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-vinyl]-phenyl}-amine (PNPA) with photoconducting crosslinkable matrix, bis-(4-ethynylphenyl)-(4-octyloxyphenyl)-amine (BEOPEA), showed photorefractive property due to the high composition of NLO chromophores caused by introducing alkoxy chain, and many problems faced in typical organic photorefractive systems such as timeconsuming chemical synthesis, difficulty in rational design, intrinsic instability and phase separation could be avoided.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.11-15
• /
• 1996

A series of poly(1,4-phenylene terephthalates) with pendant NLO chromophores was prepared by the solution polycondensation of 2,5-NLO chromophore substituted terephthalic acid with hydroquinone. The polymers obtained gave satisfactory NMR and elemental analysis results when taking into account their expected structures and the inherent viscosity value proved the polymeric character of all polymers. DSC, optical polarizing microscopy and WAXS studies revealed that none of these polymers exhibited liquid crystalline mesophases. Preliminary results on NLO properties of these polymers showed a surprisingly large second harmonic signal relative to a Y-cut quartz plate.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
• /
• pp.165-165
• /
• 2006

We prepared nonlinear optical (NLO) polymers possessing thermal and temporal stability, which were based on the polyimides appended with NLO chromophores. NLO chromophores with a terminal hydroxyl group have been synthesized by coupling between aminobenzene or julolidine donor and phenylene bridge, and then subsequent coupling between the resulting product and tricyanofuran acceptor. The chromophores were chemically bonded to the polyimides backbone through Mitsunobu reaction. The NLO polymers showed $160-170^{\circ}C$ of Tgs and were thermally stable up to $200^{\circ}C$. We obtained optical quality films by spincoating and evaluated their electro-optical properties and temporal stability.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.882-886
• /
• 2009

The electrode contact poling is one of the efficient tools to induce a stable polar order of nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophores in the solid film. Self-assembled NLO chromophores with high electro-optic (E-O) activities were utilized for quantitative determination of the chromophore order induced under contact poling by spectroscopic changes. We found that NLO chromophores rarely decompose under the high electric field during contact poling. The absorption spectra were de-convoluted into a sum of Gaussian components to separate energy transitions for a binary composite system which contains a secondary guest chromophore AJC146 in the self-assembled chromophore HDFD. Poling efficiency was significantly improved in the binary system compared to the individual components.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국광학회 1996년도 Advance Program of 13th optics andquantum Electronics conference, 1996제13 회 광학 및 양자전자 학술 발표회 논문 요약집
• /
• pp.89-89
• /
• 1996

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국재료학회 2003년도 추계학술발표강연 및 논문개요집
• /
• pp.132-132
• /
• 2003

Second-order nonlinear optical(NLO) materials have been extensively studied for applications in photonic devices, such as frequency doubling and electro-optical(EO) modulation, because of their large optical nonlinearity, excellent processibility, low dielectric constant, and high laser damage thresholds. The poling behaviour of NLO chromophore in organic/inorganic matrixes showed the randomization of poled NLO chromophore in the absence of poling Held. The liquid crystal molecules in a droplet showed a long-range orientational order along a director. Therefore, liquid crystal effects on poling behaviour of NLO chromophore dispersed in organically modified inorganic sol-gel materials were investigated. Using sol-gel process for the development of NLO material has received increasing attention, Organically modifked inorganic NLO sol-Eel materials are obtained via incorporation of the organic NLO active chromophore into an alkoxysilane based inorganic network. One of the most important thing in this works was that tetraethoxysilane(TEOS) and methyltrimathoxysilane(HTMS) were used as precursor followed by hydrolysis and condensation without using any acidic catalyst during the process. The NLO chromophores in the liquid crystal nanodomains were well mixed with I/O hybrid matrix, deposited on transparent ITO-coated glasses. The poling behaviour of liquid crystal effects of NLO chromophore dispersed in I/O hybrid matrix were investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy. Size distribution and morphology of the NLO chromophores doped in the liquid crystal nanodomains dispersed in I/O hybrid matrix were investigated by SEM.

• 한국광학회지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.356-362
• /
• 2002

비선형광학(NLO) 곁가지형 고분자계 N-(4-nitrophenul)-(L)-prolinol-poly (p-phenylene terephthalates)로 제작된 박막의 분자 배향거동을 제2 고조파발생(SHG)의 비선형광응답을 사용하여 연구하였다. 새로운 펄스 corona 배향 방법으로 NLO 발색단과 고분자 줄기를 비중심대칭 구조로 배향시켜 SHG 신호를 발생시켰다. 유리전이온도 70$^{\circ}C$를 중심으로 25$^{\circ}C$에서 80$^{\circ}C$까지 온도영역에서 반복율을 0.5 ㎑에서 10 ㎑까지 변화시키면서 인가한 펄스 고압으로 corona 배향한 결과로 곁가지 발색단과 고분자 주사슬이 스스로 재 정렬하여 형성한 구역구조를 원자간력 현미경(AFM)으로 관측하였다. 펄스 corona 전압 인가로 NLO 발색단 배향도가 증가되고, 동시에 고분자박막의 가시적손상을 획기적으로 줄이면서 SHG 신호가 증대되었으며 배향 후 이완거동도 개선되었다. 이 새로운 펄스 corona 배향 실험으로 NLO 발색단 및 고분자 주사슬이 배향과정에서 비등방으로 재배열하는 현상을 in situ로 입증할 수 있었다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.491-496
• /
• 2010

The relaxation behavior of aligned electric dipoles in a mixed polymer of P2ANS with P(VDF-TrFE) is studied with optical second harmonic generation (SHG). In this work, a macroscopic noncentrosymmetry of the spin coated film was achieved by an electrical poling. The relaxation of induced polar order of nonlinear optic(NLO) chromophores after poling leads to an insufficient long-term stability of NLO properties. In this work, we develop a new technique to suppress such kind of dipole relaxation in a poled polymer. We found that the poled dipoles in a NLO polymer were effectively immobilized by the internal electric field created by a thermally annealed ferroelectric polymer. The long-term stability in a mixed system of NLO polymer/ferroelectric polymer was successively accomplished by a series of thermal treatments applied to the mixed polymer system at a temperature of $140^{\circ}C$ for at least 1hour after poling.