• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.67-83
• /
• 2018

목적 : 체계적 문헌고찰을 통하여 지루피부염에 한약복용의 효과와 연구의 질을 평가하기 위함. 방법 : OASIS, NDSL, EMBASE, Pubmed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, CNKI, WANFANG, CiNii, J-STAGE를 이용하여 검색하였다. 검색은 2018년 6월 21일에 시행되었으며 P는 지루성 피부염, I는 한약 복용으로 진행하였다. 두 명의 연구자가 독립적으로 연구를 평가하고 선정하였으며, 의견이 다를 경우 제 3자가 개입하여 다수결로 결정하였다. 결과 : 중복 검색을 제외하고 총 952개의 연구가 검색되었으며 제목과 초록을 검토한 결과 897개의 연구가 제외되었다. 나머지 55개 연구의 전문을 검토한 결과 4개의 RCT연구가 최종 선정되었다. 선정된 연구는 발행연도, 대상, 중재법, 평가방법, 효과, 부작용, RoB를 통해 평가하였다. 한약 복용을 한 치료군에서 대조군에 비해 유의하게 호전을 보였으며 중대한 부작용은 없었다. 결론 : 지루성 피부염에 있어 한약 복용은 효과적이며 안전성이 있는 하나의 치료법이다. 향후 다양하고 체계적인 RCT의 시행이 요구된다.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.36 no.5
• /
• pp.419-426
• /
• 2015

We investigated the high dispersion spectra that had been secured at the center of the planetary nebula NGC 7027 with the Bohyunsan Optical Echelle Spectrograph (BOES) on October, 20, 2009. We analyzed the forbidden lines of [OI], [SII], [OII], [NII], [ClIII], [ArIII], [OIII], [ArIV], [NeIII], [ArV], and [CaV] in the $3770-9225{\AA}$ wavelength region. The expansion velocities were derived from double Gaussian line profiles of the emission lines, after eliminating the subsidiary line broadening effects. The radial variations of the expansion velocities were obtained by projecting the derived expansion velocities: $19.56-31.93kms^{-1}$ onto the equatorial shell elements of the inner and the outer boundaries of the main shell of 2.5(2.1)" and 3.8(3.6)", according to the ionization potential of each ion. Analysis of equatorial shell spectra indicated that the equatorial shell generally expands in an accelerated velocity mode, but the expansion pattern deviates from a linear velocity growth with radial distance. NGC 7027, of which age is about 1000 years or less, might be still at its early stage. During the first few hundred years, plausibly in its early stage, the main shell of PN expands very slowly and, later, it gradually gain its normal expansion speed.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.41-51
• /
• 2014

This study investigated the ability of Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.) S.T. Blake (Poaceae), Cyperus ligularis L. (Cyperaceae), Commelina erecta L. (Commelinaceae), Mariscus umbellatus (Rottb.) Vahl (Cyperaceae), Fimbistylis miliacea L. (Cyperaceae) and Torulinium odoratum L. (Cyperaceae) to clean up various levels of used motor oil (UMO) contaminated soils. The plants were grown in 2 kg garden soils treated to 0%, 1%, 5% and 10% levels of UMO contamination. The plant growth parameters, chlorophyll contents and dry weight of test plants were measured. The phytoremediation ability of these test plants were assessed by measuring the uptake of hydrocarbons in terms of total hydrocarbon content (THC) as well as their percentage degradation values. There was significant (P < 0.05) reduction in leaf chlorophyll contents and dry weights of the test plant species planted in UMO contaminated soils. THC as well as the percentage uptake (or degradation) of hydrocarbons were both lowest in C. ligularis but highest in T. odoratum in all cases. The phytoremediation potential of test plants was highest in soils contaminated with 5% UMO. Based on the results of this study, all test plants with the exception of C. ligularis were potentially capable of undertaking phytoremediation. However, B. bladhii and T. odoratum proved most effective in the uptake and degradation of UMO.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.73.1-73.1
• /
• 2010

Using the spectroscopic data secured with the Hamilton Echelle Spectrograph attached to a 3-m telescope at the Lick Observatory, we derived the expansion velocities from various line profiles in the 3600 $\AA$ to 10,000 $\AA$ based on the full width at half maximum and double peak of the high dispersion line profiles. The symmetrical shapes of the permitted line profiles indicate that the permitted line zone is symmetrical e.g., a spherical shell or bipolar + torus structures, which might be evidence of relatively recent ejection from the central star. Most other stronger forbidden lines might be coming from a main shell which appears as a bilateral symmetrical morphology, seen in HST and other ground-based telescopic images. The overall expansion velocities of this main shell structure that are responsible for most lines, seem to show the Hubble type expansion, i.e., accelerating shell. The faster expansion velocities of the permitted OII, NII, NIII and perhaps CII lines that do not suit to the Hubble type expansion, imply the existence of a somewhat smaller inner shell inside the outer main shell. We conclude that the nebular shell consists of a swiftly expanding inner shell and an outer normal shell excited by a central star of about 55,000K. The former compact zone appears to be responsible for the permitted C, N, and O lines while the latter extended shell appears to be responsible for H, He, and forbidden lines. We present some evidence that NGC 6833 be a member of the Galactic halo.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.30 no.5
• /
• pp.611-621
• /
• 2009

Using the spectroscopic data secured with the Hamilton Echelle Spectrograph at Lick Observatory, we found the physical condition of the planetary Nebula NGC 6210. The spectral line profiles of the permitted and forbidden lines have been analyzed using IRAF and StarLink/Dipso. The hydrogen number densities ($N_H$) are 2,000-20,000 $cm^{-3}$, and the electron temperatures are 8,100-10,300 K based on the forbidden lines. The expansion velocities, derived from the Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) and the double peak of the line profiles, are in the range of 10 to $45\;kms^{-1}$. The expansion velocities imply a shell structure with an accelerated nebular gas. We also derived abundances from the permitted lines of CII, CIII, NII, NIII, OII, and OIII, which may have been formed through the fluorescence mechanism. NGC 6210 is likely to be evolved from a progenitor of more than $3M_{\bullet}$, which had been born near the Galactic plane.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.76-82
• /
• 2005

This paper presents the combustion characteristics of hydrocarbon fuel from a conventional pressureswirl nozzle of a small-scale burner. The nozzle has orifice diameters of 0.256 mm and liquid flow rates raging from 50 to 64 mL/min were selected for the experiments. The furnace temperature distribution along the axial distance, the gas emission such as CO, $CO_2,\;NOx,\;S0_2,$ flue gas temperature, and combustion efficiency were studied. The local furnace and flue gas temperatures decreased with an increase in air velocity. At injection pressures of 1.1 and 1.3 MPa the maximum furnace temperatures occurred closer to the burner exit, at an axial distance of 242 mm from the diffuser tip. The CO and $CO_2$ concentrations decreased with an increase in air velocity, but they increased with an increase in injection pressure. The effect of air velocity on NOx was not clearly seen at low injection pressures, but at injection pressure of 1.3 MPa it decreased with an increase in air velocity. The effect of air velocity $SO_2$ concentration level is not well understood. The combustion efficiency decreased with an increase in air velocity but it increased with an increase in injection pressure. It is recommended that injection pressure less than 0.9 MPa with air velocity not above 8.0 m/s would be suitable for this burner.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.157-171
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics and effects of the forest therapy programs for adult patients. Methods: Six databases (PubMed, Cochrane library, CiNii, PsychoInFO, AGRICOL, EMBASE) and six domestic databases were systematically searched with language restrictions of Korean, English, and Japanese. The systematic review was based on the Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) flow diagram. Results: Twenty five studies met the inclusion criteria. A systematic review identified adult patients classified as 1) disease of the circulatory system, 2) mental and behavioral disorders, 3) malignant neoplasms, 4) etc. (diabetes mellitus, chronic pain). This integrative review showed a positive effect of the forest therapy program for adult patients on physiological indices such as blood pressure, heart rate, heart rate variability, level of stress hormone, and natural killer cells as well as social·psychological indices such as the Profile of Mood States (POMS), anxiety, depression, and quality of life. Conclusion: The results of this study could be useful key principles in developing and applying the forest therapy programs in nursing intervention. Further research should be conducted to develop the forest therapy programs suitable for each patient group and measure its effectiveness.

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2010.04a
• /
• pp.120-120
• /
• 2010

두 개의 별로 구성되었을 것이라고 여겨진 공생별은 밝기변화는 궤도운동에 따라 밝기가 변하는 것으로 알려졌다. 분광 관측 자료에는 이러한 궤도 변화 외에도 다양한 요소가 밝기 변화에 관여하는 것이 특성으로 나타난다. 또한 공생별은 밝기가 급격하게 증가하고 혹은 감소하기도 하는데, 이는 폭발에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 변화, 궤도 운동에 따라 기하학적 변화와 폭발 현상을 모두 볼 수 있는 대표적인 공생별이 Z And이다. 우리는 선행연구(MIKOLAJEWSKA & KENYON, 1996)에서 발표한 저분산 분광 자료를 이용하여 위상별로 변하는 상대적 선세기 변화를 조사하였다. MIKOLAJEWSKA & KENYON (1996)의 자료는 저분산 기기로(${\Delta\lambda\sim}3{\AA}$), HeI, HII, [OIII]5007, [NeV]등이 관측되었는데, 이러한 선들의 세기를 광이온 모델을 이용하여 예측한 후, 공생별 가스를 이온화시킨 중심별(WD)의 물리적 특성을 연구하였다. 또한 Hyung & Aller가 2002년 8월 12일 Lick Observatory에서 Hamilton Echelle Spectrograph (HES)를 사용하여 3600초 노출 관측한 고 분산 분광자료(${\Delta\lambda\sim}0.1{\AA}$)도 분석하였다. HES 관측 자료는 공생별의 위상이 $\Phi$=0.22이며, HES자료는 $3470{\AA}-9775{\AA}$에서 HI, HII, HeI, HeII, NII, NIII, OII, [OI], [OII], [OIII] 등이 있었다. 이 선들의 선 윤곽을 IRAF와 StarLink/Dipso를 이용하여 분석하고, 각 성분이 위상($\Phi$=0.22)인 상태에서의 관측자에 대해 어떠한 기하학적인 구조를 가지고 있는지 연구하였다. CLOUDY를 사용하여 광 이온 모형성운을 만들어 화학원소 및 성운가스의 물리적 조건을 연구하였다. Z And의 수소의 수밀도($N_H$)는 $10^{8.5}/cm^3$으로 가정하였다. 중심별 온도는 약 110,000K, 광도는 태양의 2000배로 추정되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.187-190
• /
• 2001

At a turning point of new paradigm, each countries in the world are try to search solutions to a current problems of the times in maritime than land. In special, as a maritime power that KOREA is surrounded by the sea on three sides, our country place more weight on maritime. To accomplish a powerful maritime power, it is necessary to create a digital marine spatial on the basis of Marine and Coastal GIS. This planning is establishing that our country, to construct a systematic, efficient Marine and Coastal GIS Infrastructures, is to analyze the present state of internal & external, law and planning related in Marine and Coastal GIS, and establish vision, mission, core values, goals, strategies by setting a basic concept of Marine GIS

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.31-37
• /
• 2004

This paper presents spray and combustion characteristics of hydrocarbon fuel injected from pressure-swirl nozzles. Three commercial nozzles with orifice diameters of 0.256, 0.308 and 0.333mm and injection pressures ranging from 0.7 to 1.3 MPa were selected f9r the experiments. Spray characteristics such as breakup length. spray angle and drop size (SMD) were analyzed using photo image analyses and Malvern Panicle Size Analyzer. The drop size was measured with and without a blower at the same measuring locations. The flame length and width were measured using photo image analyses. The temperature distribution along the axial distance and the gas emission such as CO, $CO_2\;and\;NO_x$ were studied. The breakup length decreased with an increase in injection pressure for each nozzle but increased with an increase in nozzle orifice diameter. The spray angle increased and SMD decreased with an increase in injection pressure. The flame with an increased linearly with an increase in injection pressure and in nozzle orifice diameter. The flame temperature increased with an increase in injection pressure but decreased along the axial distance. The maximum temperatures occurred closer to the burner exit and flame at axial distance of 242mm from the diffuser tip. The experimental results showed that the level of CO decreased while that of $CO_2\;and\;NO_x$ increased with an increase in injection pressure and nozzle orifice diameter.