• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.4307-4325
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• 2016

With the aim of solving the problems of long processing times, high memory consumption and low event throughput in the current processing approaches in out-of-order RFID event streams, an efficient complex event processing method based on INFA-HTS (Improved Nondeterministic Finite Automaton-Hash Table Structure) is presented in this paper. The contribution of this paper lies in the fact that we use INFA and HTS to successfully realize the detection of complex events for out-of-order RFID event streams. Specifically, in our scheme, to detect the disorder of out-of-order event streams, we expand the traditional NFA model into a new INFA model to capture the related RFID primitive events from the out-of-order event stream. To high-efficiently manage the large intermediate capturing results, we use the HTS to store and process them. As a result, these problems in the existing methods can be effectively solved by our scheme. The simulation results of our experiments show that our proposed method in this paper outperforms some of the current general processing approaches used to process out-of-order RFID event streams.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.127-140
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• 2020

This study explores the feasibility of granite waste aggregate (GWA) as a partial replacement of natural fine aggregate (NFA) in binary blend self-compacting concrete (SCC) prepared with fly ash. Total of nine SCC mixtures were prepared wherein one was Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) based control SCC mixture and remaining were fly ash based binary blend SCC mixtures which included the various percentages of GWA. Fresh properties tests such as slump flow, T₅₀₀, V-funnel, J-ring, L-box, U-box, segregation resistance, bleeding, fresh density, and loss of slump flow (with time) were conducted. Compressive strength and percentage of permeable voids were evaluated in the hardened state. All the SCC mixtures exhibited sufficient flowability, passing ability, and resistance to segregation. Besides, all the binary blend SCC mixtures exhibited lower fresh density and bleeding, and better residual slump (up to 50% of GWA) compared to the OPC based control SCC mixture. Binary blend SCC mixture incorporating up to 40% GWA provided higher compressive strength than binary blend control SCC mixture. The findings of this study encourage the utilization of GWA in the development of binary blend SCC mixtures with satisfactory workability characteristics as a replacement of NFA.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.451-458
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: We examined the chemical composition and the effect of fermented deer antler on hematopoietic factors in bone marrow cells. MATERIALS/METHODS: For the preparation of fermented deer antler extract (FAB), fermentation was carried out using Bacillus subtilis at $30^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. The hematopoietic effect of FAB was investigated hematopoietic factors in marrow cells. RESULTS: The contents of total sugar, sulfated glycosaminoglycans, and uronic acid and the dry weight gradually increased with fermentation time. The sialic acid content (from 0.14 mg/mL to 0.54 mg/mL) was the highest on the 4th day of fermentation after which it decreased. The proliferating activity of bone marrow cells increased with fermentation times. The levels of various hematopoietic growth factors were determined to verify the beneficial effect of deer antler extract fermented by B. subtilis on hematopoiesis. FAB increased the number of stem cell factors and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in bone marrow cells. In addition, FAB augmented the burst-forming unit erythroid and total colonies in splenocyte-conditioned medium compared with non-fermented antler extract (NFA). However, FAB did not affect the mRNA levels of erythropoietin, an important factor for erythropoiesis. CONCLUSIONS: FAB, like NFA, did not directly affect hematopoiesis, but contributed to hematopoiesis by stimulating the production of hematopoietic factors.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.367-376
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• 2002

XML allows users to define elements using arbitrary words and organize them in a nested structure. These features of XML offer both challenges and opportunities in information retrieval and document management. In this paper, we propose a new methodology for computing similarity considering XML semantics - meanings of the elements and nested structures of XML documents. We generate extended-element vectors, using thesaurus, to normalize synonyms, compound words, and abbreviations and build similarity matrix using them. And then we compute similarity between XML elements. We also discover and minimize XML structure using automata(NFA(Nondeterministic Finite Automata) and DFA(Deterministic Finite automata). We compute similarity between XML structures using similarity matrix between elements and minimized XML structures. Our methodology considering XML semantics shows 100% accuracy in identifying the category of real documents from on-line bookstore.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.437-452
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose an extended XPath specification which includes a special matching character '%' used in the LIKE operation of SQL in order to solve the difficulty of writing some queries to filter element contents well, using the previous XPath specification. We also present a novel technique for filtering a collection of document-centric XMLs, called Pfilter, which is able to exploit the extended XPath specification. Owing to sharing the common prefix characters of the operands in value-based predicates, the Pfilter improves the performance in processing those. We show several performance studies, comparing Pfilter with Yfilter in respect to efficiency and scalability as using multi-query processing time (MQPT), and reporting the results with respect to inserting, deleting, and processing of value-based predicates. In conclusion, our approach provides a core algorithm for evaluating the contains() function of XPath queries in previous XML filtering researches, and a foundation for building XML-based distributed information systems.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to evaluate the strength development of blast furnace slag concrete in response to the use of recycled aggregate as alkali activator. The influence of the amount of recycled aggregate was evaluated depending on different ratios of replacement for each RFA and RCA to NFA and NCA, respectively. The results indicated that as replacement of RFA and RCA increased, their strength exhibited to be increased. This was due to the fact that the latent hydraulic properties of blast furnace slag was activated by the alkali in recycled aggregates. However, in case of 365-days, it showed lower compressive strength than using NA(natural aggregates) which could be explained as the exhaustively use of alkali containing in RA. The specimens using RA showed about 90% of compressive strength comparing with specimens using NA.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.157-164
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• 2016

In this research, based on the condition of using desulfurization gypsum(FGD) as a stimulator for high-volume blast furnace slag cement mortar, sieving and heating process methods of removing activated carbon in FGD were compared with the non-processed FGD and recycled and natural fine aggregates were compared for suitable aggregate to be used. According to the result of experiment, sieving with 0.3mm was more efficient than $500^{\circ}C$ heating for processing the FGD, and recycled fine aggregate showed more favorable result than natural fine aggregate at the FGD content was 5 to 10%. On the other hand, the mortar mixture including recycled fine aggregate had a high drying shrinkage, and absorption ratio, and thus specific limitations on applying recycled fine aggregate should be required.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.665-671
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• 2019

The estimated on-site accident rate in Forestry is relatively high. According to statistics of the accident, in the recent 5 years, from 2014 to 2018, forestry accidents have resulted in 98% of injuries and 87% of fatalities. Especially, there are significant geographical constraints to access to the scene in case of an accident. Even though the capacity of first aid capacity is notably emphasized its importance to minimize the scale of damages, the relevant employees have been educated only basic first aid, which is not considered circumstances or geographic limitations, by Occupation Safety and Health Acts. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to derive a direction for a forest emergency service system to increase forestry workers' survival and prevent secondary injury through securing 'Golden Time.' This study conducts analyzing relevant laws and regulations in domestic and international settings as well as looking at several concerned accident cases. The outcome of analysis presents an issue regarding the implementation of onsite first aid in forestry and existing risk factors depending on the working process. Finally, we suggest two ways to improve the forest emergency service that are 1) an appropriate curriculum and kit for forest first aid; and 2) a system for emergency transfer through sharing information between National Fire Agency (NFA) and emergency medical service center, and emergency and rescue mission using helicopter from NFA and Korea Forest Service.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06d
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• pp.807-812
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• 2001

This paper represents the wall thinning analysis results for secondary side piping of two types of domestic nuclear power plants based on the DB establishment and F AC analysis study for NPP secondary system piping. CHECWORKS code utilized in this study has been applied world widely to wall thinning analyses for secondary side piping and its reliability has also been proved. The predicted wear rates for several piping systems of a pressurized water reactor NPP are compared with those of a pressurized heavy water reactor NPP and with the measured wear rates. On the basis of comparison results of the predicted and measured wear rates, the analysis results can be effectively applied to the development of a standard thinned pipe management program targeted all domestic nuclear power plants.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Studies
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.107-143
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• 2004

영국이나 독일의 경우, 현물 증권시장은 수백년의 오랜 역사를 가지고 있는 반면 선물시장은 일천한 역사를 가지고 있다. 이에 따라 선물시장은 독자적인 위치를 확보할 기회가 없었으며, 90년대의 전산화와 이에 따른 거래소 합병 열풍으로 현물과 선물을 함께 거래하는 통합거래소가 주종을 이루게 되었다. 선물업 규제도 증권업 규제에 흡수되어, 선물업계의 자율규제는 유럽에서 찾아볼 수 없게 되었다. 반면 미국에서는 증권시장과 선물시장 모두 전문적인 발전의 역사가 길며 증권업과 선물업의 분리가 뚜렷하고 업계에 관한 전문성을 가진 협회 위주의 자율규제가 활성화되어 있다. NFA식 자율규제 방식은 전 세계적으로 성공적이고 효율적인 선물규제방식으로 평가되고 있는데, 선물시장 참여자와의 대화와 직접적인 의견교환으로 정부의 획일적이고 경직된 법집행에서 탈피하고 있다. 우리나라의 경우 선물업계의 실정을 정확하게 파악하고 있는 민간 전문기관에 의한 자율규제가 필요하다. 특히 시장참여자들과의 직접적인 접촉을 통해 전문적인 선물산업의 발전에 기여하는 미국 NFA와 같은 선물협회 중심의 자율규제가 절실하게 필요하다.