• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.578-585
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• 2003

The chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) is an anadromous fish distributed all around the North Pacific. Artificial production and release of the juveniles are being made by Korea, Japan, Russia, Canada and the United States. It is important to set up some criteria identifying each stock in order to clarify each nation's right of harvest for the chum salmon resource. As an attempt to build such criteria, we analyzed sequences of a microsatellite DNA Ogo5 and the COIII-ND3-ND4L region of the mitochondrial DNA from chum salmons of Korea, Japan, and the United States. Ogo5 has 4 different alleles: allele A, B-1, B-2, and B-3. Allele B-3 is found only in 3 individuals out of 12 Korea salmons. The Japan salmons have the other 3 alleles and the America salmons have only 2 allots, A and B-1. Heterozygosity index (Ho/He) distinguishes the Korea (1.61) and Japan salmons (1.63) from the America ones (1.09). Seventeen different haplotypes are found in the COIII-ND3-ND4L region from 60 individuals,20 from each stock. The gene genealogy of the haplotypes revealed by TCS program shows that the Korea and Japan salmons are genetically closely linked, but that they are clearly distinguished from the America ones. Ten and eleven individuals of the Korea and Japan salmons have an identical haplotype. Nine individuals of the Korea salmons $(45\%),$ however, are separable from the Japan salmons by their own specific nucleotides. This result presents usefulness of the COIII-ND3-ND4L region as a genetic marker for identification of the chum salmon stocks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.405-406
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• 2008

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.436-447
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• 1989

The effect of Glutamate to myocardial toxicity induced by doxorubicin was studied with 20 male rats. 20 rats divided into 4 subgroups, 1st group was taken for normal control group without any treatment, 2nd group was injected with only doxorubicin, 3rd group was injected with L-glutamate and doxorubicin, and 4thd group was injected with only L-glutamate [all injections were done intraperitoneally]. Observations were made to each group on their gross findings, body weight, and electrocardiography, complete blood count and serum level of creatine phosphokinase. The results were as follows; l. In 1st group, we found no changes. 2. In 2nd group, there were many changes which were loss of body weight, dehydration, loss of body hair, diarrhea and death, in addition, elevation of CPK-MB isoenzyme and changes in EKG due to myocardial damage, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia were also found. 3. In 3rd group, there were more toxic effects containing 2 death cases, compared to 2nd group. 4. In 4th group, we found no specific changes except weight gain. These results suggest that L-glutamate which is intermediate of Krebs cycle may worsen the doxorubicin-induced myocardial toxicity.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.152-156
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• 2005

Effects of the disproportionating hydrogen pressure and alloy composition on the texture in the HDDR-treated Nd-Fe-B particles were examined using the $Nd_{12.6}Fe_{81.4}B_6$ and $Nd_{12.6}Fe_{68.7}B_6Co_{11.0}Ga_{1.0}Zr_{0.l}$ alloys. Disproportionation kinetics of the $Nd_2Fe_{14}B$ phase in the Nd-Fe-B alloy was retarded significantly by the addition of Co, Ga and Zr. The retarded disproportionation kinetics of the $Nd_2Fe_{14}B$ phase ensured a wider processing win­dow in terms of disproportionating hydrogen pressure for achieving a texture in the HDDR-treated Nd-Fe-B alloy particles.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.8
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• pp.1200-1205
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• 2015

Medical foods are enteral nutrition for patients, but they cause maladaptation symptoms like diarrhea. Although the cause of diarrhea remains unknown, some studies have indicated that the cause of diarrhea is fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP). This is a consideration for medical foods since they are easily fermented by intestinal bacterial. In this study, we estimated the FODMAP contents of commercial medical foods and carbohydrate ingredients. We measured the concentrations of FODMAP in 13 types of different medical foods and five types of carbohydrate ingredients by using high performance liquid chromatography with an evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD). The limits of detection of FODMAP were fructose, 0.002; lactose, 0.010; raffinose, 0.003; stachyose, 0.032; 1-kestose, 0.005; nystose, 0.012; and 1-fructofuranosylnystose, 0.003 mg/kg. Limits of quantitation of FODMAP were fructose, 0.008; lactose, 0.033; raffinose, 0.009; stachyose, 0.107; 1-kestose, 0.015; nystose, 0.042; and 1-fructofuranosylnystose, 0.011 mg/kg, respectively. Concentration of FODMAP ranged from 0.428~2.968 g/200 mL. Concentrations of carbohydrate ingredients in FODMAP were chicory fiber, 278.423; soy fiber, 27.467; indigestible maltodextrin, 52.384; maltodextrin (DE10~15), 32.973; and maltodextrin (DE15~20), 50.043 g/kg. Contents of carbohydrates were 19.0~41.0 g/200 mL in commercial medical foods. We expected a correlation between contents of carbohydrates and FODMAP, as carbohydrates included FODMAP. However, we detected a low correlation (r=0.55). Since most commercial medical foods have a similar carbohydrate ingredients and nutritional values, the difference between products was determined by FODMAP contents of carbohydrate ingredients. In this study, we analyzed FODMAP contents of commercial medical foods and carbohydrate ingredients. These results are expected to be utilized as basic data for product development and minimizing maladaptation of medical foods.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1997.07e
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• pp.1900-1902
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• 1997

In order to obtain various waveforms of current pulse applied at the flashlamp, we have fabricated a Pulsed Nd:YAG laser by PFN with multiple-mesh formed LC network. we have obtained various waveforms of current pulse by adjusting the values of L and C, compared these waveforms of current pulse with laser beam, and then analyzed the laser output energy. We have got relations for $E_{TH}$ and $E_L$ at each mesh which supplies energy with flashlamp and found that output of Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser for 2-mesh, 5-mesh coincided with computer's simulation, PSPICE.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.726-729
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• 2000

Though L $a_{1+x}$S $r_{2-x}$M $n_2$ $O_{7}$ n=2 R-P phases have been well known to have CMR effect, it was generally believed that n=1 phase was insulating. But recently monolayered perovskite $Ca_{2-x}$L $n_{x}$Mn $O_4$phase has been reported to show magnetoresistance. In this study, layered perovskite $Ca_{2-x}$L $n_{x}$Mn $O_4$ (x=0, 0.5, Ln=Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd) phases were synthesized by solid state reaction and their structures were refined by Rietveld method. The space groups of $Ca_2$Mn $O_4$, N $d_{0.5}$C $a_{1.5}$Mn $O_4$phases were refined as C2cb and Fmmm, respectively.y.ely.y.y.y.y.y.y.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.99-109
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• 2018

In this study, we examined the inhibitory effect of L. plantarum Q180 on adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 and reduction of adipocyte size in mice fed high-fat diet. L. plantarum Q180 inhibited the adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells ($18.47{\pm}0.32%$) at a concentration of $400{\mu}g/mL$ ($10^8CFU/g$). As a result of western blot analysis, the expression of $C/EBP{\alpha}$ and $PPAR{\gamma}$ in 3T3-L1 adipocyte treated with $400{\mu}g/mL$ of L. plantarum Q180 decreased 35.16% and 40.07%, respectively, compared with the control. To examine the effects, mice were fed three different diets as follows: ND (n=6) was fed ND and orally administered saline solution; HFD (n=6), HFD and orally administered saline solution; and HFD+Q180 (n=6), HFD and orally administered L. plantarum Q180. After six weeks, the rate of increase of body weight was 13.7% lower in the HFD+Q180 group compared to the HFD group. In addition, the epididymal fat weights of the HFD+Q180 group were lower than that of the HFD group. The change of adipocyte size was measured in diet-induced obese mice. Consequently, the number of large-size adipose tissue was less distributed in the ND and HFD+Q180 groups than in the HFD group. L. plantarum Q180 has an effect on the inhibition of 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation, fat absorption and reduction of adipocyte size. L. plantarum Q180 could be applied to functional food products that help improve obesity.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.107-112
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the migration levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) from polycarbonate food contact materials into food simulant at different temperatures ($70^{\circ}C$ and $100^{\circ}C$). The method was validated by linearity of calibration curves, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), recovery, precision and uncertainty. All of 200 samples, including bottles, cups, containers, ladles, spoons and tongs were purchased from domestic markets and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Mean concentrations of positive samples were higher at $100^{\circ}C$ than $70^{\circ}C$ as showing a dependency of migration temperature. The migration concentrations ranged from not-detected (ND) to $4.67{\mu}g/L$, ND to $0.49{\mu}g/L$L and ND to $2.91{\mu}g/L$ for Pb, Cd and As, respectively, which were far below the migration limits of Korea standards and specifications for food utensils, containers and packages.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.169-175
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• 1986

This study was carried out to evaluate the water quality of spring waters in Pusan area (see Fig. 1). In this experiment, one hundred and forty water samples were collected at 20 stations from July to December 1985. Range and mean value of constituents of the samples were as follows ; pH 6.2-8.2, 7.07 ; water temperature $4.0-23.5^{\circ}C,\;15.9^{\circ}C$ ; electrical conductivity $0.228{\times}10^{2}-2.125{\times}10^2{\mu}{\mho}/cm,\;0.860{\times}10^2{\mu}{\mho}/cm$; chloride ion 3.28-19.3mg/l, 6.81mg/l ; nitrite-nitrogen ND-0.221 mg/l, 0.017mg/l ; nitrate-nitrogen ND-6.779mg/l, 0.877 mg/l ; phosphate-phosphorus ND-0.105mg/l, 0.021mg/l ; silicate-silicious 2.12-22.70mg/l, 9.04mg/l, respectively. Especially, electrical conductivity, chloride ion, nitrite-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, and silicate-silicious of the station 11 (Millakdong) were higher than those of others as $1.815{\times}10^2{\mu}{\mho}/cm$, 13.5mg/l, 0.076mg/l, 4.772mg/l and 14.07mg/l. Range and geometric mean value of total coliform and fecal coliform MPN's of the samples were 0-1,500/100ml, 13-470/100ml and 0-460/100ml, 2-32/100ml. Composition of coliform was $26.37\%$ Escherichia coli group, $21.98\%$ Citrobacter freundii group, $37.36%$ Entrobacter aerogenes group and $14.29\%$ others.