• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.330-336
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• 1996

멥쌀, 찹쌀, 보리, 밀가루를 원료로 담금한 탁주 술덧의 발효 과정중 에탄올, pH, 총당, 색도, 미량알코올 등을 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 에탄올의 함량은 담금 직후 $0{\sim}1.2%$였으나 발효 16일에 $9.8{\sim}11.65$를 나타냈고 시험구중 주모 첨가의 멥쌀주가 다른 시험구에 비해 높았다. pH는 담금 직후 주모 무첨가의 멥쌀주가 pH 6.57로 시험구중 가장 높았으나 2일에는 $3.47{\sim}3.60$으로 저하되었고 시험구간의 차이는 없었다. 총산은 담금 후 2일에 급격히 증가하였으나 그 후 완만한 증가를 보였고 시험구중 밀가루주와 주모 무첨가의 멥쌀주가 다소 높았다. 총당은 담금 직후 $19.18{\sim}20.23%$였으나 $2{\sim}4$일에 $5.21{\sim}14.03%$로 감소하였고 시험구중 밀가루주가 높은 함량을 보였다. 환원당은 발효가 진행됨에 따라 감소하여 16일에 $0.2{\sim}0.5%$를 나타내었으나 시험구간 차이는 없었다. 색도는 시험구간에 다소 차이가 있었으나 발효 과정에 따라 L값(명도)이 낮아져 밝기가 저하됨을 알 수 있었고 보리쌀주는 시험구중 가장 낮은 결과를 나타냈다. 탁주 술덧에 함유하는 미량의 알코을로서 n-propanol ($nd{\sim}0.05\;mg/ml$), iso-butanol (0.02), iso-amyl alcohol ($nd{\sim}0.13$), n-hexanol ($nd{\sim}0.17$), n-heptanol ($nd{\sim}0.09$), and phenylethanol ($nd{\sim}0.02$)이 정량되었다.이들 알코올은 담금 직후에는 거출되지 않았으나 3일 이후 시험구에 따라 검출되었으며 함량은 발효 기간의 경과에 따라 미량 증가하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.94-98
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• 2005

This study was carried out to provide radon concentration and exposure in building. The average radon concentrations of building was measured 1.37 pCi/L in basement, 0.95 pCi/L in 1st layer, 0.74 pCi/L in 2nd layer, 0.56 pCi/L in 3rd layer, and 0.4 pCi/L in 4th layer, respectively. The average radon concentration of basement was measured the higher than any other stairs. Daily average distribution of radon concentrations in building shown that radon concentrations measured in morning at 8hr was the highest value. Monthly average distribution of radon concentrations shown 0.28 ${\pm}$ 0.17 pCi/L in April and 0.82 pCi/L in December that was the highest value. The average concentrations of radon was measured 0.38pCi/L in spring. 0.44 pCi/L in summer, 0.53 pCi/L in autumn, and 0.67 pCi/L in winter, respectively. This result shown that the average concentrations of radon in winter was the higher than any other seasons. That reasons was supposed that effect of number of exchanges and using air conditions was the higher in summer than winter.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2005

1997년부터 2004년까지 우리나라 연안에서 채집된 주둥치속 어류의 주요 계수 계측 형질과 형태적 특징을 분석하여 분류학적으로 검토하였다. 그 결과 한국산 주둥치과 어류는 왜주둥치 Leiognathus elongatus, 줄무늬주둥치 L. fasciatus, 줄주둥치 L. lineolatus, 주둥치 L. nuchalis, 점주둥치 L. rivulatus와 노랑점주둥치 L.bindus 등 모두 1속 6종으로 분류되었다. 이 가운데 L.bindus는 한국산 미기록종으로 확인되어 계수계측치를 제시하고, 국명을 "노랑점주둥치"로 명명하였다. 노랑점주둥치는 체장이 체고의 1.8~1.9배이며, 입은 앞쪽으로 돌출되고, 등지느러미의 2~5 극조 사이의 기조막에 밝은 오렌지색의 반점이 있는 것이 특징이다. 본 연구에서는 한국산 주둥치속 어류 6종에 대한 주요 계수, 계측 형질과 형태적 특징을 기재하고 각 종에 대한 검색표를 제시하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.797-804
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• 2012

A dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor was investigated for the inactivation of Ralstonia Solanacearum which causes bacterial wilt in aquiculture. The DBD plasma reactor of this study was divided into power supply unit, gas supply unit and plasma reactor. The plasma reactor consisted of a quartz dielectric tube, discharge electrode (inner) and ground electrode (outer). The experimental results showed that the optimum 1st voltage, 2nd voltage, air flow rate and pH were for 100 V (1st voltage), 15 kV (2nd voltage), 4 L/min, and pH 3, respectively. At a low 1st voltage, shoulder and tailing off phenomena was observed. The shoulder phenomenon was decreased as the increase of 1st voltage. R. Solanacearum disinfection in the lower air flow rate was showed shoulder and tailing off phenomenon because the active species generated less. Under optimum condition, shoulder and tailing off phenomenon was reduced. When the 2nd voltage was less than 7.5 kV, tailing off phenomenon was observed and this was not vanishes even though the increase of the disinfection time. The inactivation efficiency increased as the increase of air flow rate, however, the efficiency decreased when the air flow rate was above 4 L/min. R. Solanacearum disinfection at pH 3 showed somewhat higher than in pH 11. The pH effect of R. Solanacearum deactivation is less than the impact on other factor.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.967-973
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• 2003

본 논문은 RF신호의 2차 저주파 혼변조 신호론 증폭기 입력 바이어스 단자로 인가하는 새로운 전치 왜곡선형화 방법을 제시하였다. 또한 RF 신호의 2차 저주파 혼변조 신호를 추출하는 회로를 제시하였다. 새로운 전치 왜곡 선형화 방법으로 3차 및 5차 혼변조 신호의 억압 특성을 얻을 수 있었으며, 수식적인 분석 과 시뮬레이 션을 통하여 이 선형화 방법을 입증할 수 있었다. 입력 신호로 CDMA IS-95 1FA가 인가되었을 때, 중심주파수로부터 0.855 MHz에서 25 dB, 1.25 MHz에서 22.5 dB 그리고 2.25 MHz에서 6 dB 개선되었다 마찬가지로 CDMA IS-95 3FA 신호를 인가하였을 때도 중심 주파수에서부터 0.855 MHh 떨어진 지점까지의 인접채널전력비가 20 dB개선되었다.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.38-50
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• 2002

1999년 하계에 아산만과 경기만 해역의 유기인계 잔류농약 분포를 조사하였다. 표층해수 중 IBP는 모든 해역에서 광범위하게 분포하였다 아산만의 표층해수 중 IBP 농도 범위는 7월과 9월에 각각 10.3-1030.1(m=339.1), ND-319.1(m=74.8)ng/L였고 경기만 표층해수 중 IBP 농도는 7월과 9월에 각각 ND-76.2(m=29.1), ND-270.3(m=46.6)ng/L였다. Diazinon, DDVP, Ethoprophos와 Chlorpyrifos는 다소 낮은 농도를 보였지만 모든 해역에서 검출되었다. 다른 유기인계 농약(Disulfoton, rarathion Methyl, Fenchlorfos, Prothiofos, EDDP)은 일반적으로 검출한계 미만이었다. 퇴적물 중에서는 Chlorpyrifos가 다근 유기인계 농약보다 널리 분포하였다. 유기인계 농약의 시공간적 분포는 자 지역에 사용되어지는 농약의 사용량과 종류에 따라 달라진다고 보여진다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.532-539
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• 2000

The purpose of this research is to assess th iron nutritional status of pregnant women and to evaluate the appropriateness of the present cut off levels of hemoglobin(Hgb), hematocrit(Hct) and total iron binding capacity(TIBC) for assessing iron deficiency status. Pregnant women who were visiting public helath centers in Ulsan were interviewed and agreed to attend the study. Blood sample was taken and biochemical analysis of blood was performed. The collected data were classified into 3 trimesters by gestational age and then statistical analysis was performed. The prevalence of anemia in all subjects was 32.3% by WHO criteria(Hgb < 11.0g/dl) and 17.8% of all subjects was iron deficient anemia by CDC criteria(Hgb < 11.0/dl and serum ferritin < 12.0ug/l). Since the iron deficient anemia generally occures at the last stage of iron deficiency, it is not efficient to diagnose and prevent the iron deficient anemia in pregnant women by using the present cut off level of Hgb. Therefore, the new cut off level of iron status indices is necessary for assessing iron deficiency in early pregnancy before manifestation of anemia and for reducing the prevalence of anemia in later pregnancy. For this reason, the present cut off levels of iron status indices were estimated and compared by assessing the iron deficiency judged by serum ferritin level (<12.0ug/l)as true iron deficiency. It follows from the results of this research that present cut off levels of Hgb, Hct and TIBC were very insensitive in identifying the subjection with iron deficiency. The appropriate cut off levels of Hgb were 11.5g/dl for total period of pregnancy, 12.0g/dl for 1st and 3rd trimester, and 11.5g/dl for 2nd trimester. The cut off level of Hct was 34.0% for total period for pregnancy, 35.0% for 1st trimester, and 34.0% for 2nd and 3rd trimester. The cut off level of TIBC was 400ug/dl for total period, 360ug/dl for 1st 2nd trimester, and 450ug/dl for 3rd trimester.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.52-57
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• 2022

Purpose: To determine predictive factors for detecting renal parenchymal damages (RPDs) in infants with recurrent febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI). Methods: From January 2015 to December 2021, 102 infants with recurrent fUTI and who underwent ^99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renal scan in our hospital were included in this study. Controls included infants with normal DMSA results performed 3 months apart from the 2nd episode of fUTI. DMSA-positive group included infants with positive DMSA results performed 3 months apart from the 2nd episode of fUTI or at the 3rd episode of fUTI. The recurrence rate, causative bacteria, renal size discrepancy of both kidneys, and laboratory findings including C-reactive protein (CRP) and spot urine sodium-to-potassium ratio (uNa/K) were compared between both groups. Results: Only 3.8% of 79 infants with a 2nd episode of fUTI showed positive DMSA results. fUTI recurred more frequently within 12 months of follow-up in the DMSA-positive group than in the control group (69% vs. 13%, P<0.001). CRP values were significantly higher in the DMSA-positive group than in the control group (7.3 mg/dL vs. 3.7 mg/dL, P<0.001). Spot uNa/K were significantly lower in the DMSA-positive group than in the control group (0.6 vs. 1.1, P<0.001). Conclusions: Congenital renal scar and RPDs on the DMSA scan were more frequently found in infants with recurrent fUTI than those in the control group. High CRP values and low spot uNa/K in acute infections were helpful in predicting the presence of RPD in infants with recurrent fUTI.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.253-260
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• 2024

Objective: The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of once-a-day milk feeding on growth performance and routine behavior of preweaning dairy calves. Methods: At 22nd day of age, twenty-four Holstein calves were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups (n = 12/treatment) based on milk feeding frequency (MF): i) 3 L of milk feeding two times a day; ii) 6 L of milk feeding once a day. The milk feeding amount was reduced to half for all calves between 56 and 60 days of age and weaning was done at 60 days of age. To determine the increase in weight and structural measurements, each calf was weighed and measured at 3 weeks of age and then at weaning. The daily behavioral activity of each calf was assessed from the 22nd day of age till weaning (60th day of age) through Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek (NEDAP) software providing real-time data through a logger fitted on the calf's foot. Results: There was no interaction (p≥0.17) between MF and sex of the calves for routine behavioral parameters, body weight and structural measurements. Similarly, there was no effect of MF on routine behavioral parameters, body weight and structural measurements. However, the sex of the calves affected body weight gain in calves. Male calves had 27% greater total body weight and average daily gain than female calves. There was no effect of the sex of the calves on behavioral measurements. Collectively, in the current study, no negative effects of a once-a-day milk feeding regimen were found on routine behavioral and growth parameters of preweaning calves in group housing. Conclusion: Once-a-day milk feeding can be safely adopted in preweaning calves from 22nd day of age.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.40-44
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• 2015

To investigate whether Serratia marcescens (Enterobacteriales: Enterobacteriaceae) isolated from Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Coleoptera: Cetoniidae) acts as an opportunistic bacterium in peroral infection, the primary entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) and Paenibacillus popilliae (Eubacteriales: Bacillaceae) were added to sawdust to perform a bioassay experiment. We found that peroral infection caused by S. marcescens could be fatal beyond a concentration of $4{\times}10^8pfu/mL$ in $2^{nd}$ stage P. b. seulensis larvae and at $6{\times}10^8pfu/mL$ in $3^{rd}$ stage P. b. seulensis larvae. In particular, mortality resulting from a combination of P. popilliae and S. marcescens was markedly increased in $2^{nd}$ stage P. b. seulensis larvae. Therefore, we confirmed that mortality was increased when S. marcescens was infected together with other entomopathogenic bacteria, and that peroral infection itself can be fatal beyond certain concentrations.