• Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.662-674
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• 2018

Purpose: Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of allergic disease. However, the effect of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) on ILCs remains to be clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of ILC subsets in allergic rhinitis (AR) patients in response to house dust mite (HDM)-specific immunotherapy. Methods: We enrolled 37 AR patients undergoing AIT (16 responders and 11 non-responders) for 2 years, 35 HDM AR patients and 28 healthy subjects. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were analyzed by flow cytometry to identify ILC subsets. Stimulation of ILC2s with recombinant allergen-specific protein was used to determine ILC2's activation (CD69 expression). Results: Responder AIT patients and healthy subjects had a decreased frequency of circulating ILC2s compared to non-responder AIT and AR patients. Conversely, ILC1s from responder AIT patients and healthy subjects showed increased frequency compared to non-responder AIT and AR patients. The frequency of ILC3s natural cytotoxicity receptor $(NCR)^+$ and $NCR^-$ in responder AIT patients was significantly lower compared to AR patients and healthy subjects. The ILC1: ILC2 proportion in responder AIT patients was similar to that of healthy subjects. PBMCs from patients who were responders to AIT had a significantly lower expression of the activation marker CD69 on ILC2s in response to allergen re-stimulation compared to AR patients, but no difference compared to non-responder AIT patients and healthy subjects. Conclusions: We propose that AIT might affect ILC responses. The activation of ILC2s was reduced in AR patients treated with AIT. Our results indicate that a relative ILC1/ILC2 skewed response is a possible key to successful AIT.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.141.1-141
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• 2003

Forty six isolates of bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) collected from azuki bean, mungbean, kidney bean, cowpea, broad bean and peanut were classified into three groups based on biological, serological, cytopathological, and molecular characteristics. Group I induced vein-banding symptoms in cowpea which was similar to those produced by the BCMV-cowpea strain. Group II caused mosaic symptoms in azuki bean but not in peanut and tobacco. Since this character was different from that of previously described BCMV strain, group II may not belong to BCMV GroupIII induced vein-clearing symptoms in azuki bean, kidney bean and peanut, which are typical symptoms for BCMV-peanut stripe virus strain. Virus inclusion patterns of BCMV groups were similar to those of Potyvirus subdivision III with the scroll, pinwheel and long laminated inclusions. However, the inclusions of laminated aggregates were never observed in mungbean isolates. Multiple alignment as well as cluster dendrograms of 3'noncoding region (3'-NCR) and a part of coat protein gene (CP) suggested that group I belongs to the BCMV-cowpea strain, group II to the BCMV-azuki bean strain, and group III to the BCMV-peanut stripe virus strain. Since molecular phylogenesis of BCMV based on nucleotides of 3'-NCR and coat protein differed from the grouping based on virulence differentiation, and BCMV groups are more closely related to each other with the same host origin, other characteristics of those strains are under investigation.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.329-349
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• 2024

본 연구는 국내 도서관 현장에 적용가능한 통일된 형식의 우선표제 작성지침 제안을 목적으로 두고, 법률저작에 집중하여 논의를 진행하였다. 이를 위해 이 연구에서는 (1) 국내·외 목록규칙 중 RDA, NCR, KCR2, KCR5 개정안을 대상으로 법률저작의 통일표제 그리고 전거형접근점 규칙을 분석하고, (2) LC, DNB, 북미권 대학도서관을 대상으로 법률저작의 통일표제 입력지침과 입력사례를 조사함으로써 실제 적용되는 방식을 분석한 후, (3) 국립중앙도서관 법률저작의 서지데이터를 임의추출하여 통일표제의 적용범위를 검토해보고 통일표제 작성지침 개발시 고려할 점을 도출하였다. 이를 근거로 (4) 법률저작의 통일표제 작성지침 초안을 도출한 후, 국립중앙도서관 실무진의 검토와 법률 및 통일표제 전문가 자문을 거쳐 최종안을 제안하였다. 논의에 필요한 데이터는 문헌연구와 사례조사를 통해 확보하였으며, 추가적인 데이터는 업무담당자와의 이메일 면담과 전문가 자문을 통해 확보하였다.

• 한국정보관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보관리학회 2002년도 제9회학술대회 논문집
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• pp.147-154
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• 2002

본고에서는 한국목록규칙 제4판 초안에 있어서, 제8장 "정지화상자료"의 목록규칙을 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해, International Standard Bibliographic Description for Non-Book Materials(1987), Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd ed. (1998), 그리고 일본목록규칙(1994)을 중심으로 비교하였다. 이에, 다양한 형태를 띄고 있는 정지화상자료에 있어서, KCR 4판의 "정지화상자료" 목록규칙이 목록규칙 사용자나 자료를 찾는 이용자로 하여금 편리하게 이용할 수 있도록 서지사항을 일관성있게 규정되어 있는지에 관하여 분석해 보고자 한다. 그리하여 초안을 더 수정·보완하여, KCR 4판을 발행하는데 있어서 조금이나마 도움이 되고자 한다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2010

Recently a Wide Chord Tip (WCT) propeller has been developed and applied to a commercial ship by STX Offshore & Shipbuilding. It is reported that the WCT propeller significantly reduces pressure fluctuations and also ship's noise and vibration. On the sea trial, vibration magnitude in the accommodations at NCR was measured at 0.9mm/sec which is only 10% of international allowable magnitude of vibration (9mm/sec). In this paper, a design method for increasing performance of the marine propellers including the WCT propeller is suggested. It is described to maximize the performance of the propeller by adjusting expanded areas of the propeller blade. Results show that efficiency can be increased up to over 2% through the suggested design method.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2014

Purpose - This study examines students' perspectives (stream-wise) of parameters affecting education quality in an affiliated undergraduate engineering institution in NCR, Haryana. Research design, data, and methodology - This study involves descriptive research and data collection using a structured questionnaire based on the Likert scale. The sample comprises 500 student respondents. For data analysis, an f-test was performed using high quality SPSS software. Results - For "Selection" and "Personality Development & Industry Exposure," the analysis of variance revealed a statistical difference between the mean values of the groups. Whereas, for "Academic Excellence," "Infrastructure," "Placements," and "Management & Administration," the analysis of variance revealed no statistical difference between the mean values of the groups. Conclusions - Students' perceptions about the "Selection" and "Personality Development & Industry Exposure" change according to the various specializations they opt for in their undergraduate engineering education in Haryana. Whereas, for "Academic Excellence," "Infrastructure," "Placements," and "Management & Administration," the perceptions of the students do not vary because of the different specializations they have opted for in their undergraduate engineering education.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2013

Today a consumer is confused and he looks only for values in relation to the prices spent by him/her in the buying process. He/She relates value in terms product pricing, brand value, his experiences etc. This therefore gives a vast scope for organized retailing that can make products available as per the aspirations of the consumer. For these organized retailers, Shopping Malls are acting as a catalyst and helping them to enhance their growth all over the country. They are providing them the required infrastructure and also helping them to achieve a faster growth. The present study is therefore done visualizing the opportunities available in the Indian market and the issues faced by the mushrooming of Malls in Indian metropolitan cities making their survival difficult due to cut-throat competition. This is also resulting in poor occupation and is not able to find neither the right rentals nor the footfalls.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권11호
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• pp.3597-3611
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• 2021

The present paper studies the thermal-hydraulic behaviour of the rectangular supercritical natural circulation loop (SCNCL) using numerical model of one dimensional. Then the results of this model is confirmed with experimental and benchmark results. Variations with several geometric parameters like loop diameter, riser length, and heater length and operating conditions like heater inlet enthalpy, pressure, friction factor, and inlet and exit loss coefficient on steady-state performance are investigated for various orientations like HHHC, HHVC, VHVC and VHHC of the heater and cooler. The chances of existing static instability (Ledinegg excursion) has been investigated, which reveals that it can arise only in a low inlet enthalpy condition, far from the suggested various orientations of heater and cooler.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.3123-3129
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• 2016

Background: Cancer is the fourth leading cause of death in Sabah Malaysia with a reported age-standardized incidence rate was 104.9 per 100,000 in 2007. The incidence rate depends on non-mandatory notification in the registry. Under-reporting will provide the false picture of cancer control program effectiveness. The present study was to evaluate the performance of the cancer registry system in terms of representativeness, data quality, simplicity, acceptability and timeliness and provision of recommendations for improvement. Materials and Methods: The evaluation was conducted among key informants in the National Cancer Registry (NCR) and reporting facilities from Feb-May 2012 and was based on US CDC guidelines. Representativeness was assessed by matching cancer case in the Health Information System (HIS) and state pathology records with those in NCR. Data quality was measured through case finding and re-abstracting of medical records by independent auditors. The re-abstracting portion comprised 15 data items. Self-administered questionnaires were used to assess simplicity and acceptability. Timeliness was measured from date of diagnosis to date of notification received and data dissemination. Results: Of 4613 cancer cases reported in HIS, 83.3% were matched with cancer registry. In the state pathology centre, 99.8% was notified to registry. Duplication of notification was 3%. Data completeness calculated for 104 samples was 63.4%. Registrars perceived simplicity in coding diagnosis as moderate. Notification process was moderately acceptable. Median duration of interval 1 was 5.7 months. Conclusions: The performances of registry's attributes are fairly positive in terms of simplicity, case reporting sensitivity, and predictive value positive. It is moderately acceptable, data completeness and inflexible. The usefulness of registry is the area of concern to achieve registry objectives. Timeliness of reporting is within international standard, whereas timeliness to data dissemination was longer up to 4 years. Integration between existing HIS and national registration department will improve data quality.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.169-192
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• 2024

본 연구는 지명 전거데이터의 체계적 구축과 표준화 필요성에 따라 지명 전거데이터 기술에 필요한 한국 특성에 맞는 지침을 개발함으로써 국가 전거 고품질화의 기반을 제공하고자 하는 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위해 지명전거와 관련된 국내·외 동향 및 사례 조사를 실시하고, 지명 전거 구축을 위한 각국의 규칙과 지침을 분석했다. 이러한 현황 조사 및 규칙 분석을 바탕으로 지명 전거데이터 구축에 필요한 개념 범위와 용어를 정의하고 지명 전거데이터 지침 개발의 방향성을 설정하였다. 또한, 분석 결과, 지침이 포함해야 할 범위, 체계, 기존 규칙의 참조 내용과 방식 등을 결정하였다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 지침의 체계는 Original RDA와 NCR을 기준으로 삼아 설정하였다. 분석 과정에서 도출된 시사점을 중심으로 구축 대상 범위, 우선 지명 선정 및 기록, 이형 지명의 기록, 지명의 속성 등으로 지침을 구성하고 내용을 제시하여 한국 실정에 맞는 지명 전거데이터 기술 지침(안)을 제안하고자 하였으며, 이에 따른 향후 논의사항을 밝혔다.